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Fluorescence of supermolecules, polymers, and nanosystems
The field of fluorescence continues to steadily grow, both in its fundamental aspects and in applications in highly interdisciplinary areas including analytical, physical and organic chemistry, molecular sciences, biology, biomedicine and medical research. The 4th volume in the Springer Series on Fluorescence focuses on the fluorescence of nanosystems, polymers and supermolecules, and the development and application of fluorescent probes. Special emphasis is placed on the fluorescence of artificial and biological nanosystems, single molecule fluorescence and the luminescence of polymers, micro- and nanoparticles and nanotubes. Fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy are covered as well. Historical aspects of this growing field and an overview of fluorescence applications are also provided.
Fluorescence angiography in ophthalmology
This atlas covers the basic principles of the new methods for fluorescein- and indocyanine green-angiography, as well as the high resolution imaging of fundus autofluorescence.
Fluid-structure interaction : Modelling, simulation, optimisation
Fluid-structure interactions (FSI), that is interactions of some movable or deformable structure with an internal or surrounding fluid flow, are among the most important and, with respect to both modelling and computational issues, the most challenging multi-physics problems. The variety of FSI occurrences is abundant and ranges from tent-roofs to micropumps, from parachutes via airbags to blood flow in arteries.
Fluid volume monitoring with glucose dilution
Decision making regarding fluid volume loading, fluid restriction, or administration of vasoactive drugs may vary among physicians, depending solely upon their clinical experience in the absence of evidence-based measurement. The initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) is believed to be clinically relevant as a marker of cardiovascular and fluid management in critically ill patients without a significant modification of glucose metabolism. This book covers all aspects of IDVG measurement, including the basic concept, its relationship with other fluid volumes, and the clinical application of this technique in the intensive care unit based on both the authors’ studies and their clinical experience with more than 4000 IDVG determinations. When the concept of IDVG is properly understood and its measurement is then performed routinely, daily fluid and cardiovascular management in critically ill patients can be improved based on evidence-based measurement.
Fluid Transport in Nanoporous Materials : Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, held in La Colle sur Loup, France, 16-28 June 2003
The most promising include molecular sieves which are being developed as inorganic or polymeric systems with 0. 3-30nm in pore dimensions. These nanoporous solids have a broad spectrum of applications in chemical and biochemical processes. The unique applications of molecular sieves are based on their sorption and transport selectivity. Yet, the transport processes in nanoporous systems are not understood well. At the same time, the theoretical capabilities have increased exponentially catalyzed by increases in computational capabilities. The interactions between a diffusing species and the host solid are being studied with increasing details and realism. Further, in situ experimental techniques have been developed which give an understanding of the interactions between diffusing species and nanoporous solids that was not available even a few years ago. The time was ripe to bring together these areas of common interest and study to understand what is known and what has yet to be determined concerning transport in nanoporous solids. Molecular sieves are playing an increasing role in a broad range of industrial petrochemical and biological processes. These include shape-selective separations and catalysis as well as sensors and drug delivery. Molecular sieves are made from inorganic as well as organic solids, e. g. , polymers. They can be employed in packed beds, as membranes and as barrier materials. Initially, the applications of molecular sieves were dominated by the use of zeolites.
Fluid Mechanics of Flow Metering
This book addresses two major fluid mechanical problems in flow metering: the analysis of signal generation in turbulent pipe flow, which explains the function of the meter beyond a simple calibration, and the possible use of a meter in non-developed flows. These problems are investigated with reference to, and examples from, a variety of meters, e.g. ultrasound cross-correlation meters, vortex meters, and turbine meters. Studying these problems requires consideration of specific phenomena in turbulent non-developed pipe flow, as caused by installations, and finding special solutions with signal processing, both of which are included in the book.
Fluid Mechanics : With Problems and Solutions, and an Aerodynamics Laboratory
This textbook introduces the major branches of fluid mechanics of incompressible and compressible media, the basic laws governing their flow, and gasdynamics. "Fluid Mechanics" demonstrates how flows can be classified and how specific engineering problems can be identified, formulated and solved, using the methods of applied mathematics. The material is elaborated in special applications sections by more than 200 exercises and separately listed solutions. The final section comprises the Aerodynamics Laboratory, an introduction to experimental methods treating eleven flow experiments. This class-tested textbook offers a unique combination of introduction to the major fundamentals, many exercises, and a detailed description of experiments.
Fluid Mechanics : An Introduction to the Theory of Fluid Flows
Advancements of fluid flow measuring techniques and of computational methods have led to new ways to treat laminar and turbulent flows. These methods are extensively used these days in research and engineering practise. This also requires new ways to teach the subject to students at higher educational institutions in an introductory manner. The book provides the knowledge to students in engineering and natural science needed to enter fluid mechanics applications in various fields. Analytical treatments are provided, based on the Navier-Stokes equations. Introductions are also given into numerical and experimental methods applied to flows. The main benefit the reader will derive from the book is a sound introduction into all aspects of fluid mechanics covering all relevant subfields.
Fluid Mechanics
This successful textbook emphasizes the unified nature of all the disciplines of Fluid Mechanics as they emerge from the general principles of continuum mechanics. The different branches of Fluid Mechanics, always originating from simplifying assumptions, are developed according to the basic rule: from the general to the specific.
Fluid dynamics of cavitation and cavitating turbopumps
The book focuses on the fluid dynamics of cavitation with special reference to high power density turbopumps, where it represents the major source of performance and life degradation and often generates the conditions for the onset of dangerous fluid dynamic instabilities. To this purpose the first part of the book covers the more fundamental aspects of cavitation (nucleation, bubble dynamics, thermodynamic effects, cavitation erosion, stability of parallel bubbly flows) and the main kinds of cavitating flows (attached cavitation, cloud cavitation, supercavitation, ventilated supercavities, vortex cavitation, shear cavitation). The second part focuses on the hydrodynamics and instabilities of cavitating turbopumps (cavitation surge, rotating cavitation, higher order cavitation surge, rotordynamic whirl forces). Finally, the third part illustrates the alternative approaches for modeling and engineering simulation of cavitating flows.
Fluid and thermodynamics ; Vol.1 : Basic fluid mechanics
Simple, yet precise solutions to special flows are also constructed, namely Blasius boundary layer flows, matched asymptotics of the Navier-Stokes equations, global laws of steady and unsteady boundary layer flows and laminar and turbulent pipe flows
Fluent Python : Clear, Concise, and Effective Programming
You’ll learn how to write effective, modern Python 3 code by leveraging its best ideas. Don’t waste time bending Python to fit patterns you learned in other languages. Discover and apply idiomatic Python 3 features beyond your past experience. Author Luciano Ramalho guides you through Python’s core language features and libraries and teaches you how to make your code shorter, faster, and more readable.
Fluctuations, Information, Gravity and the Quantum Potential
A main theme of the book outlines the role of the quantum potential in quantum mechanics and general relativity and one of its origins via fluctuations formulated in terms of Fisher information. Another theme is the description of various approaches to Bohmian mechanics and their role in quantum mechanics and general relativity. Along the way various approaches to, for instance, the Dirac equation, the Einstein equations, the Klein-Gordon equation, the Maxwell equations and the Schr?dinger equations are described. Statistics and geometry are intertwined in various ways and, among other matters, the aether, cosmology, entropy, fractals, quantum Kaehler geometry, the vacuum and the zero point field are discussed. There is also some speculative material and some original work along with material extracted from over 1000 references and the work is current up to April 2005.
Fluctuation Theory for Lévy Processes : Ecole d'Eté de Probabilités de Saint-Flour XXXV - 2005
Lévy processes, i.e. processes in continuous time with stationary and independent increments, are named after Paul Lévy, who made the connection with infinitely divisible distributions and described their structure. They form a flexible class of models, which have been applied to the study of storage processes, insurance risk, queues, turbulence, laser cooling, ... and of course finance, where the feature that they include examples having "heavy tails" is particularly important. Their sample path behaviour poses a variety of difficult and fascinating problems
Fluconazole : Pharmacology, clinical uses and health effects
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the pharmacology, clinical uses and health effects of fluconazole. Topics discussed include the utilization of fluconazole in adult intensive care units; the use of fluconazole in veterinary species and a description of variances from the human experience as well as findings in veterinary species which may have applicability in human medicine; common clinical uses and in vitro activity features on fluconazole; and the discovery and development of medically-important antifungal agents, particularly the azole derivatives and the development of fluconazole and its clinical applications.
Flowing Matter
This book presents an introduction to selected research topics in the broad field of flowing matter, including the dynamics of fluids with a complex internal structure -from nematic fluids to soft glasses- as well as active matter and turbulent phenomena. Flowing matter is a subject at the crossroads between physics, mathematics, chemistry, engineering, biology and earth sciences, and relies on a multidisciplinary approach to describe the emergence of the macroscopic behaviours in a system from the coordinated dynamics of its microscopic constituents. Depending on the microscopic interactions, an assembly of molecules or of mesoscopic particles can flow like a simple Newtonian fluid, deform elastically like a solid or behave in a complex manner. When the internal constituents are active, as for biological entities, one generally observes complex large-scale collective motions. Phenomenology is further complicated by the invariable tendency of fluids to display chaos at the large scales or when stirred strongly enough. This volume presents several research topics that address these phenomena encompassing the traditional micro-, meso-, and macro-scales descriptions, and contributes to our understanding of the fundamentals of flowing matter.
Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Asterales
This volume contains a complete systematic treatment of the flowering plant order Asterales, comprising 12 families with approx. 1,720 genera and about 26,300 species. The order includes Compositae as the largest family of flowering plants. Based on traditional studies, several of the constituent families have long been recognized as being closely interrelated. The inclusion in the order of Alseuosmiaceae, Argophyllaceae, Carpodetaceae, Phellinaceae and Rousseaceae is the result mainly of new advances in molecular systematics. Identification keys are provided for all genera, and likely phylogenetic relationships are discussed extensively. The wealth of information contained in this volume makes it an indispensable source for all working in the fields of pure and applied plant sciences.
Flowering Plants. Eudicots : Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae
In this volume, the ninth of the series, treatments are offered for 52 families containing 432 genera belonging to 13 eudicot orders, many of which have recently been newly designed; four families remain unassigned to order. Emphasis is on the early-diverging eudicots and basal core eudicots the phylogenetic relationships and diversification of which have recently been in focus and are critically discussed. Systematically relevant information includes descriptions of families and genera, keys to the genera, and references to recent revisions. Introductions to the families provide convenient, in-depth overviews of key aspects of systematics. The wealth and precision of information contained in this volume will make it an important source of reference for both the scholar and the practitioner in the fields of pure and applied plant sciences.
Flower Breeding and Genetics : Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for the 21st Century
This book provides a unique and valuable resource on the many issues and challenges facing flower breeders, as well as the industry at-large. In this volume, the first comprehensive assemblage of its kind, a team of 32 international authorities has contributed to make this book a ‘must-have’ reference to research and develop flower crops for the 21st century consumers. Part 1 of this book (flower breeding program issues) contains unique features of interest to horticultural professionals and students, include coverage of plant protection strategies, cultivar trialing methodology, germplasm collection/preservation, preventing invasiveness, and other timely topics. The collective body of knowledge for 24 flower crops (Part 2: Crop-specific Breeding and Genetics) represents the in-depth science and art of breeding technology available for bedding plants, flowering potted plants, cut flowers, and herbaceous perennials. Each author provides crop-specific history, evolution, biology, taxonomy, state-of-the-art breeding/genetics, classical/molecular technologies, species traits, interspecific hybridization, and directions for future development/enhancement.
Flow Shop Lot Streaming Problems
Lot streaming is a process of breaking a batch of jobs into smaller lots, and then processing these in an overlapping fashion on the machines. This important concept can significantly improve the overall performance of a production process, and thereby make the operation of a manufacturing system lean. Flow Shop Lot Streaming introduces the reader to this significant production process, presents various analysis techniques, and allows the reader to quickly become conversant with the state-of-the-art techniques necessary to embark on new research directions. This text begins with an introduction to and a brief historical perspective of the lot streaming problem, and continues with generic mathematical models for this problem. Flow Shop Lot Streaming presents systematic analysis, algorithms, key ideas and illustrative examples using 2-machine, 3-machine, and the general m-machine flow shop lot streaming problems.
