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Physics and Properties of Narrow Gap Semiconductors
Narrow gap semiconductors obey the general rules of semiconductor science, but often exhibit extreme features of these rules because of the same properties that produce their narrow gaps. Consequently, these materials provide sensitive tests of theory, and the opportunity for the design of innovative devices. For example, narrow gap semiconductors are the most important materials for the preparation of advanced modern infrared systems.
PHP Object-Oriented Solutions
With the surge of popularity of PHP 5, object-oriented programming is now an important consideration for PHP developers. This version-neutral book is a gentle introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP) that won't overburden you with complex theory. It teaches you the essential basics of OOP that you'll need to know before moving onto a more advanced level, and includes a series of prepackaged scripts that you can incorporate into your existing sites with the minimum of effort. It shows how object-oriented programming can be used to create reusable and portable code by walking you through a series of simple projects. The projects feature the sorts of things developers run up against every day, and include a validator for filtering user input, a simple Date class that avoids the need to remember all the esoteric format codes in PHP, and an XML generator.
Photosynthesis. Energy from the Sun ; 14th International Congress on Photosynthesis
These Proceedings of the 14th International Congress on Photosynthesis are a record of the most recent advances and emerging themes in research on light energy conversion in biological systems. This volume contains 348 edited and peer-reviewed chapters from the 824 registered participants at the meeting in Glasgow, UK, in July 2007. These contributions range from summary overview presentations of plenary speakers, through invited lectures and selected topical presentations, to expanded contents of posters from research students and their supervisors. All chapters feature novel and on-going achievements in understanding photosynthesis.These volumes thus provide a glimpse of the future, from the molecule to the biosphere, as seen by the some of the most active scientists in the world.
Photon-based Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology
Light has always played a significant role in the synthesis of materials and formation of small-scale solid structures. The invention of holographic and phase mask projection has enabled engineers to fabricate devices with characteristic features much smaller than the wavelength of the light used for processing. A further reduction of device dimensions has been achieved by implementing the processes that rely strongly on the non-linear effects of light-matter interaction. The intention of this book was to provide the Reader, primarily graduate students and young researchers in materials engineering, bio(chem)physics, medical physics and biophysics, with a set of articles reviewing state-of-the art research and recent advancements in the field of photon-matter interaction for micro/nanomaterials synthesis and manipulation of properties of biological and inorganic materials at the atomic level.
Phase Transitions in Cell Biology
Phase transitions occur throughout nature. So "convenient" a feature is seen throughout the domains of physics and chemistry, and one is therefore led to wonder whether it might also be common to biology. Indeed, many of the most fundamental cellular processes are arguably attributable to radical structural shifts triggered by subtle changes that cross a critical threshold. These processes include transport, motion, signaling, division, and other fundamental aspects of cellular function.Largely on the basis of this radical concept, a symposium was organized in Poitiers, France, to bring together people who have additional evidence for the role of phase transitions in biology, and this book is a compendium of some of the more far-reaching of those presentations, as well as several others that seemed to the editors to be compelling.The book should be suitable for anyone interested in the nature of biological function, particularly those who tire of lumbering along well trodden pathways of pursuit, and are eager to hear something fresh. The book is replete with fresh interpretations of familiar phenomena, and should serve as an excellent gateway to deeper understanding.
Pharmacology of immunotherapeutic drugs
Focus on pharmacology and mechanisms of immunotherapeutic agents in various immune disorders / Includes a comprehensive table of drug classes that affect the immune system / Chapters feature novel case studies with practice questions / Bench to Bedside" sections describe the discovery and clinical investigation of several therapies regulating immune system function / The Pharmacology of Immunotherapeutic Drugs is a reference for immunologists and clinicians (medical doctors, pharmacists, nurses) examining the modulation of inflammatory processes by a variety of medications targeting the cells and mediators of our immune system.
Pharmaceutical facility design based on International approved GMP regulations
Pharmaceutical facility design is a project carried by contributors from different scientific backgrounds’; like pharmacists, engineers, pharmaceutical machine suppliers and regulatory organizations such as Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP), World Health Organization (WHO), International Standardization Organization (ISO), United States Pharmacopeia (USP), and many other ones. And by that nature, the project needs to be tackled form various approaches pharmaceutical approach, architectural engineering approach, and regulatory approach. This study will illuminate on the requirements in terms of regulations, design features, and equipment for a facility intended for manufacturing solid and liquid dosage forms of drugs under the regulations of Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP).
Pharmaceutical drug product development and process optimization : Effective Use of quality by design
Presents and discusses the vital precepts underlying the efficient, effective, and cost-effective development of pharmaceutical drug products. It focuses on the adoption of systematic quality principles of pharmaceutical development, which is imperative in achieving continuous improvement in end-product quality and also leads to reducing cost, time, and effort, while meeting regulatory requirements. Key features: Reviews a vast collection of literature on applicability of systematic product development tools / Discusses various dosage forms where challenges are very high / Provides regulatory guidance related specific dosage form development / Covers the major types of drug products, including enteral, parenteral, and other (including transdermal, inhalation, etc.)
Pharmaceutical Analysis for Small Molecules
Designed to assist both recent graduates, as well as experienced chemists or scientists with limited regulatory, compendial or pharmaceutical analysis background, make that transition, Pharmaceutical Analysis for Small Molecules is a concise, yet comprehensive introduction to the drug development process and analysis of chemically synthesized, small molecule drugs. It features contributions by distinguished experts in the field, including editor and author, Dr. Behnam Davani, an analytical chemist with decades of technical management and teaching experience in compendial, regulatory, and industry.
Phantasy, Image Consciousness, and Memory (1898-1925)
This first part of the introduction draws attention to some of thekey features, relations, and distinctions Husserl uncovers in his in-vestigations of presentation and the various forms of re-presentation,focusing particularly on how their respective objects appear. The sec-ond part considers Husserl’s evolving understanding of how acts ofre-presentation are “constituted,” that is, how, thanks to their structure,they are able to “intend” or be conscious of their objects , Although Husserl is chiefly concerned with intuitivere-presentation in this volume, perception is never far from the centerof discussion. This is not surprising, given that Husserl describes per-ception as “presentation,” and memory, phantasy, and their kindred
Pervasive Collaborative Networks ; IFIP TC 5 WG 5.5 Ninth Working Conference on VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES, September 8-10, 2008, Poznan, Poland
The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The scope of the series includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction. Proceedings and post-proceedings of refereed international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research.
Perturbation Methods and Semilinear Elliptic Problems on Rn
Discusses several elliptic problems on Rn with two main features: they are variational and perturbative in nature, and standard tools of nonlinear analysis based on compactness arguments cannot be used in general. For these problems, a more specific approach that takes advantage of such a perturbative setting seems to be the most appropriate. The first part of the book is devoted to these abstract tools, which provide a unified frame for several applications, often considered different in nature.Such applications are discussed in the second part, and include semilinear elliptic problems on Rn, bifurcation from the essential spectrum, the prescribed scalar curvature problem, nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and singularly perturbed elliptic problems in domains. These topics are presented in a systematic and unified way.
Persuasive Technology ; 3rd International Conference, PERSUASIVE 2008, Oulu, Finland, June 4-6, 2008. Proceedings
Featuring full and short papers, posters and panels, Persuasive2008 highlighted new knowledge in the understanding and design of persuasive technology. The event brought together researchers, practitioners, and industry professionals - terested in this important new ?eld. Research themes of the conference included motivation altechnology, persuasivegames, smartenvironments, Web2.0, mobile persuasion, well-being and health behavior. In addition, attendees and part- ipants explored the theory and ethics of persuasive technology, social and - ganizational issues, business models for persuasive systems, and conceptual and theoretical approaches.
Perioperative Critical Care Cardiology
In this book, discussed are topics of particular importance to critical care cardiovascular diagnosis and management in the perioperative period. Chapter topics are the causes for heart failure; the pathophysiology of heart failure; coronary heart disease and ischemic preconditioning; hypertensive urgencies and emergencies; diagnosis of heart failure; preoperative cardiac risk assessment; hemodynamic monitoring in patients with heart failure; electrocardiography of heart failure - features and arrhythmias; pharmacologic management for patients with heart failure; devices for management of heart failure; pacemaker and internal cardioverter-defibrillator therapies; management of cardiopulmonary arrest; circulatory shock - anaphylactic, cardiogenic, haemorrhagic, septic; prevention and management of cardiac dysfunction during and after cardiac surgery; vasodilator therapy - systemic and pulmonary; and, thromboembolism and anticoagulation.
Periodontology : Fundamentals and clinical features
A collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the dental medicine research area. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors in periodontology, and opening new possible research paths for further novel developments.
Periodontal-Restorative Interrelationships
Provides guidelines for comprehensive treatment planning, and features step-by-step clinical instruction for periodontal and restorative procedures from beginning to end. As a result, the book fosters better understanding and increased efficiencies between specialties, resulting in shorter treatment times and consistently better therapeutic outcomes.
Periodontal disease : Diagnosis, management options and clinical features
Periodontal disease (PD), an inflammatory disease of tooth supporting tissues that leads to progressive loss of periodontal ligament and bone, with pocket formation and / or recession of the gums, is widespread among the world adult population and a serious public health issue. In this book, Chapter One reviews the literature about the use of probiotics in periodontal disease, including in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies, in order to improve the understanding of probiotics’ role in periodontal disease and discusses the effectiveness of their use as a therapy for periodontitis. Chapter Two studies the model of periodontitis induction by ligature and presents a protocol for performing it in rats and mice, based on the experience of the authors’ research group, to guide researchers who wish to develop the model. Chapter Three focuses on nutritional and systemic risk factors for periodontitis, focusing on modifiable common risk factors that also impact cardiometabolic disease, which can be targeted through oral and medical health professionals for improving periodontal and cardiometabolic health. Chapter Four discusses the main manifestations of gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, and periodontal disease resulting from systemic diseases.
Perfecting Your English Pronunciation
Explains exactly how to form the difficult sounds of English and teaches you correct tongue placement. Exercises make this more comfortable and natural for you. Videos that features actual students executing correct mouth sounds. Through Cameron’s innovative use of hand movements to demonstrate tongue position, you too will be able to find the precise pronunciation. Audio recordings that feature exercises and correct pronunciation for ear training. The difficult sounds of English consonants and vowels are spoken first in individual words, then phrases, and finally in complete sentences.
Percutaneous absorption : Drugs, cosmetics, mechanisms, methods
Supplies topics on: cutaneous metabolism, skin contamination, exposure to protein allergens, in vitro absorption methodology and the percutaneous absorption of chemical mixtures. Complete with studies on the role of the skin as a key portal of entry for chemicals into the body, this book serves as a detailed reference source for recent advances in the field, as well as an experimental guide for laboratory personnel. Key Features: Details in vivo and in vitro methods for measuring absorption, dermal decontamination, mechanisms of transdermal delivery, and the relationship of transepidermal water loss to percutaneous absorption Considers a range of mathematical models, the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients, the absorption of hair dyes, nanoparticles for drug delivery, and other novel methods of drug delivery Discusses topics including skin metabolism, the skin reservoir, and the effects of desquamation on absorption
Pediatric Uroradiology
Describes in detail all aspects of pediatric uroradiology. While it is written primarily from the point of view of the radiologist, it includes essential information for the pediatrician, pediatric surgeon, and urologist. It is specifically designed to aid the clinician in decisions on imaging management. The newest techniques and the changing relevance of imaging and interventional procedures are presented, and the diverse problems associated with the changing anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology from the newborn period to adulthood are explained. The whole spectrum of imaging features of agenesis, anomalies, dysplasia, parenchymal diseases, neoplastic diseases, stone disease, renal vascular hypertension, renal failure, renal transplantation, and genitourinary trauma is covered. Individual chapters are devoted to vesicoureteric reflux, urinary tract infection, upper urinary tract dilatation, voiding dysfunction, and neurogenic bladder.
