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Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
Voltage-gated calcium channels are essential mediators of a range of physiological functions, including the communication between nerve Vcells, the regulation of heart beat, muscle contraction, and secretion of hormones such as insulin. Consequently, these channels are critical phar macological targets in the treatment of a variety of disorders, such as epi lepsy, hypertension, and pain. Voltage-gated calcium channels have there fore been subject to intense study by numerous investigators over the past few decades, and an immense body of work has accumulated. In this book, we provide the first comprehensive overview of our current state of knowl edge concerning this exciting field of research. Leading off with a general review of calcium signaling and techniques to measure calcium channel ac tivity, the book delves into a provocative overview of the history of the cal cium channel field. A number of chapters are dedicated towards various aspects of calcium channel structure and function, including channel gat ing, permeation, modulation and interactions with members of the exo- totic machinery—contributed by both established leaders and rising stars in the field.
Voltage-Enhanced Processing of Biomass and Biochar
The book explains aspects of this processing method in thermal and non-thermal plasmas, as well as describing the effects of Joule heating as part of the temperature distribution and conversion rate. In many ways, this book presents a detailed description of different processes and plasma discharges currently available, with the provision of experimental and simulation results gathered over years of research and development. Importantly, it also offers many methods by which we can be environmentally friendly when working with biomass and biochar.
VLSI-Design of Non-Volatile Memories
VLSI-Design for Non-Volatile Memories is intended for electrical engineers and graduate students who want to enter into the integrated circuit design world. Non-volatile memories are treated as an example to explain general design concepts. Practical illustrative examples of non-volatile memories, including flash types, are showcased to give insightful examples of the discussed design approaches. A collection of photos is included to make the reader familiar with silicon aspects. Throughout all parts of this book, the authors have taken a practical and applications-driven point of view, providing a comprehensive and easily understood approach to all the concepts discussed.
Vitreo-retinal Surgery ; 1st ed.
Progress in vitreo-retinal surgery is mercurial. Since this series is dedicated to new developments the reader is presented with a motley list of topics. The advancements described here may represent generally accepted progress in the field: New instruments, Macular hole surgery, Tumor biopsy. New ideas are set out to be tested for their benefit, for example: AMD surgery, Adjunctive pharmacotherapy. Reflections on incessant clinical problems in vitreo-retina surgery require superior scrutinization of established surgical techniques and indications: Posterior slippage, Inferior breaks, Subclinical retinal detachments. The editors will expand this list in future editions with topics like: new support for buckling surgery, enzyme assisted vitrectomy, new tamponades and other yet unknown fields of progress.
Vite matematiche : Protagonisti del’ 900 da Hilbert a Wiles = Mathematical Lives : Twentieth-century protagonists from Hilbert to Wiles
Presenting famous mathematicians alongside others less known to the general public - from Hilbert to Gödel, from Turing to Nash, from De Giorgi to Wiles - the portraits collected in this volume show us characters with a strong personal charisma, with vast cultural interests, passionate about defending the importance of their research, sensitive to beauty, attentive to the social and political problems of their time. The result is a fresco that documents the centrality of mathematics in the culture, not only scientific but also philosophical, artistic and literary, of our time, in a continuous game of exchanges and references, correspondences and suggestions.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin, any of several organic substances that are necessary in small quantities for normal health and growth in higher forms of animal life. Vitamins are distinct in several ways from other biologically important compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Although these latter substances also are indispensable for proper bodily functions, almost all of them can be synthesized by animals in adequate quantities. Vitamins, on the other hand, generally cannot be synthesized in sufficient amounts to meet bodily needs and therefore must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source. For this reason, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamins also differ from the other biological compounds in that relatively small quantities are needed to complete their functions. In general, these functions are of a catalytic or regulatory nature, facilitating or controlling vital chemical reactions in the body’s cells.
Virtual Systems and Multimedia ; 13th International Conference, VSMM 2007, Brisbane, Australia, September 23-26, 2007, Revised Selected Papers
Virtual Heritage, Applied Technologies and Virtual Environments. With a truly international flavor, these sub-themes covered the diverse areas of heritage site and artifact reconstruction and analysis, Australian Aboriginal cultural heritage, training, notions of spirituality, human – computer interaction in virtual environments, 3D modelling, remote collaboration and virtual agents. This made for rich, varied and lively conference session debates. Ninety-seven papers were submitted. Of these, 56 were accepted for inclusion in the general conference proceedings.
V-Invex Functions and Vector Optimization
the book focuses on V-invex functions in vector optimization that have grown out of the work of Jeyakumar and Mond in the 1990’s. V-invex functions are areas in which there has been much interest because it allows researchers and practitioners to address and provide better solutions to problems that are nonlinear, multi-objective, fractional, and continuous in nature. Hence, V-invex functions have permitted work on a whole new class of vector optimization applications.
Vienna : A Doctor´s Guide : 15 walking tours through Vienna’s medical history
Describes a total of 15 walking tours through old medical Vienna. Naturally, these tours are concentrated on the inner city and the ninth district. This book allows the experiences to be digested in an appropriately Viennese way.
Vertigo and Dizziness : Common Complaints
This short and concise, clinically-oriented book is for physicians of different specializations who treat patients with vertigo including neurologists and ENT specialists. Easy-to-use, it has an overview of the most important syndromes of vertigo, each with explanatory clinical descriptions and illustrations. Target market: Physicians of different specializations who treat patients with vertigo including neurologists, neurootologic specialists, neuroophthalmology, otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, ophthalmology and ENT specialists, and general medicine practitioners.
Verified Software: Theories, Tools, Experiments ; 1st IFIP TC 2/WG 2.3 Conference, VSTTE 2005, Zurich, Switzerland, October 10-13, 2005, Revised Selected Papers and Discussions
The book includes a general introduction to the area, which also presents the vision of a grand challenge project: the "verifying compiler". Most contributions are followed by a transcription of the vivid discussion that ensued between the author and the audience. The papers have been organized in topical sections on verification tools, guaranteeing correctness, software engineering aspects, verifying object-oriented programming, programming language and methodology aspects, components, static analysis, design, analysis and tools, as well as formal techniques.
Vector Control of Three-Phase AC Machines : System Development in the Practice
This monograph covers the area of vector control of three-phase AC machines, in particular induction motors with squirrel-cage rotor (IM), permanent excited synchronous motors (PMSM) and doubly-fed induction machines (DFIM), from the viewpoint of the practical design and development. Main focus is on the application of the IM and the PMSM in electrical drive systems, where the method of the field-orientated control has been successfully established in the practice, and on the use of the grid voltage orientated controlled DFIM in the wind power plants.
Vascular Surgery
Edited by prominent vascular surgeons in the USA and UK, the book tackles the epidemiology and etiology of atherosclerosis and how to evaluate patients with vascular disease. Specific vascular diseases are then covered and their treatment options discussed. Vascular Surgery adopts a transatlantic approach so that chapters are written either by a practitioner in the USA or UK, and each chapter is critically appraised by a colleague who provides a potentially alternative perspective. This book is key reading for trainees in vascular surgery, as well as for surgery trainees in general. It would also be useful to those who have already qualified but might need further knowledge of this important field.
Vascular Mechanics and Pathology
Vascular Mechanics and Pathology focuses on the artery and arterial diseases. As the fundamental functions of the artery are to serve as a conduit of blood flow and as a container of blood pressure, Vascular Mechanics and Pathology describes both the general principles and the occurrence of stress concentration at the pressure vessel junctions and examines the role of beta-blockers in the reduction of atherosclerosis and related complications. This cutting-edge work presents the use of veins as arterial grafts and discusses the role of vein valves in graft stenosis. Vascular Mechanics and Pathology illustrates aneurysm formation, growth, and rupture, using pressure vessel principles. This new work details the investigation of, amongst other topics, aortic dissection, showing for the first time that the aortic root mechanics plays a vital role in the development of this pathology.
Vascular embolotherapy : A comprehensive approach ; Vol.1 : General principles, chest, abdomen, and great vessels
Endovascular embolization therapy has made remarkable progress during the past two decades, driven primarily by improvements in digital imaging, breakthroughs in microcatheter technology and coil design, and the development of new embolic materials.This is the first of two volumes that present the current state of the art in this exciting and growing field. After an introductory section that discusses the general principles of embolization therapy, further sections are devoted to gastrointestinal, gynecological and obstetric, genitourinary, aortoiliac and bronchopulmonary applications. High informational content is supplemented by detailed graphics, providing a comprehensive reference work for both experts and novices in the field.
Variational Analysis and Generalized Differentiation II : Applications
This monographs contains a comprehensive and and state-of-the art study of the basic concepts and principles of variational analysis and generalized differentiation in both finite-dimensional and infinite dimensional spaces and presents numerous applications to problems in the optimization, equilibria, stability and sensitivity, control theory, economics, mechanics, etc.
Variational Analysis and Generalized Differentiation I : Basic Theory
This monograph in two volumes contains a comprehensive and state-of-the art study of the basic concepts and principles of variational analysis and generalized differentiation in both finite-dimensional and infinite dimensional spaces and presents numerous applications to problems in the optimization, equilibria, stability and sensitivity, control theory, economics, mechanics, etc.
Vanishing and Finiteness Results in Geometric Analysis : A Generalization of the Bochner Technique
This book presents very recent results involving an extensive use of analytical tools in the study of geometrical and topological properties of complete Riemannian manifolds. It analyzes in detail an extension of the Bochner technique to the non compact setting, yielding conditions which ensure that solutions of geometrically significant differential equations either are trivial (vanishing results) or give rise to finite dimensional vector spaces (finiteness results). The book develops a range of methods from spectral theory and qualitative properties of solutions of PDEs to comparison theorems in Riemannian geometry and potential theory.
Valued Fields
In this book, the theory of valuations as well as of Henselizations is developed. The presentation is based on the knowledge acquired in a standard graduate course in algebra. The last chapter presents three applications of the general theory -as to Artin's Conjecture on the p-adic number fields- that could not be obtained by the use of absolute values only.
Value Distribution Theory Related to Number Theory
The subject of the book is Diophantine approximation and Nevanlinna theory. Not only does the text provide new results and directions, it also challenges open problems and collects latest research activities on these subjects made by the authors over the past eight years. Some of the significant findings are the proof of the Green-Griffiths conjecture by using meromorphic connections and Jacobian sections, and a generalized abc-conjecture.
