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Topology in Molecular Biology
The book presents a class of new results in molecular biology for which topological methods and ideas are important. The text also provides a short course of modern topology intended for the broad audience of biologists and physicists.
Toll-like Receptors in Inflammation
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical mediators of the innate immune response in mammals. This family of receptors recognizes a variety of microbial products or motifs and initiates the host response to infection. Examples include TLR4 which recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria, TLR3 which recognizes viral double-stranded RNA, and TLR9 which recognizes CpG DNA motifs, found in both viruses and bacteria. All TLRs possess an intracellular region termed the Toll-IL-1 receptor-Resistance (TIR) domain which is essential for signaling from these receptors. The specificity of signaling from individual TLRs arises from differential utilization of adapter proteins. This specificity results in a tailoring of the host defense response depending on the microbe being sensed. TLRs are increasingly being implicated in both infectious and inflammatory diseases, notable examples being sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and asthma. There is, therefore, great interest in targeting TLRs therapeutically since a disruption of TLR function will result in a decrease in the production of inflammatory mediators.
Time Series Analysis and Its Applications : With R Examples
Time Series Analysis and Its Applications, Second Edition, presents a balanced and comprehensive treatment of both time and frequency domain methods with accompanying theory. Numerous examples using non-trivial data illustrate solutions to problems such as evaluating pain perception experiments using magnetic resonance imaging, monitoring a nuclear test ban treaty, evaluating the volatility of an asset, or finding a gene in a DNA sequence.
Thirty Years of Photosynthesis : 1974 - 2004
This is a reader that gives a complete overview of the history of photosynthesic carbon metabolism research up to the very latest state of the art. It is a collection of 16 reviews written over 30 years, and therefore offers the unique opportunity to follow the history of any particular topic as it took place.
Theory and Mathematical Methods for Bioformatics
This monograph addresses, in a systematic and pedagogical manner, the mathematical methods and the algorithms required to deal with the molecularly based problems of bioinformatics. The book will be useful to students, research scientists and practitioners of bioinformatics and related fields, especially those who are interested in the underlying mathematical methods and theory. Among the methods presented in the book, prominent attention is given to pair-wise and multiple sequence alignment algorithms, stochastic models of mutations, modulus structure theory and protein configuration analysis. Strong links to the molecular structures of proteins, DNA and other biomolecules and their analyses are developed. In particular, for proteins an in-depth exposition of secondary structure prediction methods should be a valuable tool in both molecular biology and in applications to rational drug design. The book can also be used as a textbook and for this reason most of the chapters include exercises and problems at the level of a graduate program in bioinformatics.
Theoretical and Experimental DNA Computation
Provides a broad overview of the entire field of DNA computation, tracing its history and development. It contains detailed descriptions of all major theoretical models and experimental results to date, which are lacking in existing texts, and discusses potential future developments. This book will provide a useful reference source for researchers and students, as well as an accessible introduction for people new to the field. The field of DNA computation has flourished since the publication of Adleman's seminal article, in which he demonstrated for the first time how a computation may be performed at a molecular level by performing standard operations on a tube of DNA strands. Since Adleman's original experiment, interest in DNA computing has increased dramatically. This monograph provides a detailed survey of the field, before describing recent theoretical and experimental developments. It concludes by outlining the challenges faced by researchers in the field and suggests possible future directions.
The world of molecular biology
Examines and explores the discoveries as well as the lives of twenty-five stellar scientists who have all contributed in different ways to the field that we know today as "molecular biology." The book covers a vast timeline from the last century to present day advances and concerns such as viral replication and transmission. The book examines the foundational structures of the field as well as how many scientists and basic scientific knowledge have contributed to our current understanding. Beginning with DNA (as hereditary material) and evolving into recombinant DNA and replication and somatic DNA, the book covers the way in which scientists have examined and explored these realms and some of the resultant discoveries which have led to the Nobel Prize. Nobel prize winners are not born, but they are made from years of education, years of familial nurturance, years of mentoring by other scientists (either formally or informally) and of course by luck, chance, fate and surreptitious encounters.
The Sun : A User's Manual
The Sun is an account of the many ways in which our nearest star affects our planet, how its influence has changed over the last few centuries and millennia, and the extent to which we can predict its future impact. The Sun's rays foster the formation of Vitamin D by our bodies, but it can also promote skin cancer, cataracts, and mutations in our DNA. Besides providing the warmth and light essential to most animal and plant life, solar energy contributes substantially to global warming. Although the charged particles of the solar wind shield us from harmful cosmic rays, solar storms may damage artificial satellites and cripple communication systems and computer networks. The Sun is the ideal renewable energy source, but its exploitation is still bedevilled by the problems of storage and distribution. Our nearest star, in short, is a complex machine which needs to be treated with caution, and this book will equip every reader with the knowledge that is required to understand the benefits and dangers it can bring.
The Statistics of Gene Mapping
This book presents a unified discussion of the statistical concepts applied in gene mapping, first in the experimental context of crosses of inbred lines and then in outbred populations, primarily humans.
The silent epidemic
Biofilm is a complex structure of microbiome having bacterial colonies adhere to the surface. These cells are embedded in extracellular polymeric substances, a matrix generally composed of eDNA, proteins and polysaccharides, showing high resistance to antibiotics. Quorum sensing plays an important role in regulating the biofilm formation. Biofilm is one of the major causes of infection persistence especially in nosocomial settings through indwelling devices. There are many approaches being used to control biofilm. Indeed, the adhesive characteristics of natural human flora are now considered as a tool for preventing the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to avert infection. These antibiofilm approaches represent a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of biofilm infections and development of a strong capability to interfere with different phases of the biofilm development.
The Papillomaviruses
This volume reviews the remarkable confluence of science, medicine, and public health that recently culminated in the approval of vaccines that prevent many human papillomavirus infections, the first vaccines specifically designed to prevent human cancer. Basic laboratory studies of viral DNA replication, gene expression, protein function, and virus-host interactions have provided fundamental insights into these important processes.
The p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway and Cancer
The current year (2004) marks the Silver Anniversary of the discovery of the p53 tumor suppressor. The emerging ?eld ?rst considered p53 as a viral antigen and then as an oncogene that cooperates with activated ras in transforming primary cells in culture. Fueling the concept of p53 acting as a transforming factor, p53 expression was markedly elevated in various transformed and tumorigenic cell lines when compared to normal cells. In a simple twist of fate, most of the studies conducted in those early years inadvertently relied on a point mutant of p53 that had been cloned from a normal mouse genomic library. A bona ?de wild-type p53 cDNA was subsequently isolated, ironically, from a mouse teratocarcinoma cell line. A decade after its discovery, p53 was shown to be a tumor suppressor that protects against cancer. It is now recognized that approximately half of all human tumors arise due to mutations within the p53 gene. As remarkable as this number may seem, it signil cantly underrepresents how often the p53 pathway is targeted during tumorigenesis. It is my personal view, as well as many in the p53 ?eld, that the p53-signaling pathway is corrupted in nearly 100% of tumors. If you are interested in understanding cancer and how it develops, you must begin by studying p53 and its pathway. After demonstrating that p53 functions as a tumor suppressor the ?eld exploded and p53 became a major focus of scientists around the world.
The Molecular Genetics of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Western countries. It also provides an archetypal example of how inherited predisposing genetic variants may interact with an environmental influence (smoking) to modulate individual cancer risk. The Molecular Genetics of Lung Cancer describes how the new techniques, methods and approaches of molecular genetics are being used to unravel the complexities of the mechanisms underlying lung tumorigenesis by analysis at the DNA, RNA and protein levels with potentially important implications for tumour classification, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment as well as providing new insights into how lung tumours arise and how they progress to malignancy.
The Leading World’s Most Innovative Universities
Unique in its contents. No other title in the book market has tackled this important subject. It introduces innovation as a way of practice for world-class universities. It, then, discusses the criteria for being innovative in the academic world.
The Joy of Science : An Examination of How Scientists Ask and Answer Questions Using the Story of Evolution as a Paradigm
Scientists have great passion. What could be more exhilarating than to go to work every day feeling as if you were once again a nine-year-old called up to he stage to help the magician with his trick? To be a researcher is to always be in the position of having the chance to see how the trick works. No wonder that many researchers feel that each new day is the most exciting day to be a scientist. It therefore is not surprising that scientists have such trouble communicating with non-scientists. It is difficult for the scientist to understand a life not focused on the desire to understand. But the differences are not that. Everyone wants to understand; that is one of the factors that make us human. The difference is more that scientists limit their definition of comprehension to specific rules of logic and evidence. These rules apply and are used in everyday life, but often with less rigor or restrictions on evidence.
The Influence of Genetics on Contemporary Thinking
Reflects on the effects of recent discoveries in genetics on a broad range of scientific fields. In addition to neuroscience, evolutionary biology, anthropology and medicine, contributors analyze the effects of genetics on theories of health, law, epistemology and philosophy of biology.
The impact of dividend policy on stock market value : an applied study at Damascus securities exchange
Tests the impact of dividend policy on stock market value for a sample consisted of (10) listed companies in DSE for the period between years (2017-2021). Dividend policy data were extracted from the financial reports for the sample of the research they were divided into three groups: SPSS program was used to make descriptive statistic study and linear regression to test the hypothesis...
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Syrian banks
Aims to study the impact of the new Coronavirus on Syrian banks. By analyzing banks’ disclosures about their data, some concepts about the Coronavirus pandemic and the historical sequence of the emergence of the virus were present. Then a theoretical study on the financial statements of banks to studying the impact of Coronavirus on local banks through the statistical programs and T-test and the correlation relationship that was cover within the applied aspect of the research. As the variables were compare for five Syrian banks before and after the announcement of infection inside Syria. To measure the results and the impact of Corona on financial performance, and the study concluded that there is an impact of the Coronavirus on Syrian banks despite the policies and procedure taken by the Monetary Council and the Central Bank of Syria to mitigate the impact of the virus.
The Histone Code and Beyond : New Approaches to Cancer Therapy
Methylation of DNA at cytosine residues as well as post-translational modifications of histones, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation, contribute to the epigenetic information carried by chromatin. These changes play an important role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the access of regulatory factors to the DNA. The use of a combination of biochemical, genetic and structural approaches has allowed demonstration of the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control. The structure of nucleosomes has been elucidated and enzymes involved in DNA or histone modifications have been extensively characterized. Since deregulation of epigenetic marks has been reported in many cancers, a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms bears the promise that new drug targets may soon be found. The newest developments in this quickly developing field are presented in this book.
The genetics of male infertility
Gives special attention to the significant technological advances in the treatment of male infertility, including intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) in conjunction with in vitro fertilization (IVF). In addition, new tools discussed include in vitro methodologies, in silico technologies, and new model organisms.
