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Forensic Genetics in the Governance of Crime
This book uses a critical sociological perspective to explore contemporary ways of reformulating the governance of crime through genetics. Through the lens of scientific knowledge and genetic technology, Machado and Granja offer a unique perspective on current trends in crime governance. They explore the place and role of genetics in criminal justice systems, and show how classical and contemporary social theory can help address challenges posed by social processes and interactions generated by the uses, meanings, and expectations attributed to genetics in the governance of crime
Forensic Dentistry ; 2nd ed.
The identification of unknown individuals and the estimation of age, race, and gender are among the chief functions of forensic dentistry. Other important applications include the investigation and analysis of bitemarks and oral injuries in abuse cases and evaluating, reporting, and testifying in civil litigation cases. Twelve years after the benchmark first edition of this book explored these topics, the long-awaited Forensic Dentistry, Second Edition offers a comprehensive update and revision of the material.
Forensic Anthropology and Medicine : Complementary Sciences From Recovery to Cause of Death
The aim of this book is to dissect forensic anthropology and forensic pathology in its various and valuable contributions to contemporary society. It gives answers and approaches key questions to this sciences' growing audience within different countries in the recent years. It aims to provide a practical approach to the investigation of bodies that are not fresh enough to be considered a normal forensic case.
Foreign Investor Misconduct in International Investment Law
examines the issue of foreign investor misconduct in modern international investment law, focusing on the approach that international investment law as it currently operates has developed towards foreign investor misconduct. The term ‘misconduct’ is not a legal notion, but is used to describe a certain phenomenon, namely, a group/class of actions. This term is convenient since it makes it possible to introduce and describe the phenomenon as such, without a division into concrete types of conduct, like ‘abuse of process’, ‘violation of national law’, ‘corruption’, ‘investment contrary to international norms and standards’, etc.
Foreign Exchange Rate Forecasting using Artificial Neural Networks
In this monograph, the authors try to apply artificial neural networks (ANNs) to exchange rates forecasting. Selection of the ANN approach for - change rates forecasting is because of ANNs’ unique features and powerful pattern recognition capability. Unlike most of the traditional model-based forecasting techniques, ANNs are a class of data-driven, self-adaptive, and nonlinear methods that do not require specific assumptions on the und- lying data generating process. These features are particularly appealing for practical forecasting situations where data are abundant or easily available, even though the theoretical model or the underlying relationship is - known. Furthermore, ANNs have been successfully applied to a wide range of forecasting problems in almost all areas of business, industry and engineering.
Forefoot Reconstruction
For a long time, forefoot surgery had many disadvantages including a painful postoperative period and recurrence of deformities. New techniques – notably Scarf, the first metatarsal osteotomy and the Weil osteotomy of the lesser metatarsal – provide a significant improvement in the treatment of static forefoot disorders. The great toe osteotomy has also been greatly improved. Since 1991, the author has introduced these techniques in many countries, while developing and studying the corresponding implants and the postoperative period. He has also developed surgical management techniques that bridge these different osteotomies. More than 1000 surgeons around the world are using these techniques, which are now widely taught. In this second edition of the book the general presentation is clearer and more pleasant and many pictures have been replaced. Several topics are emphasized, notably the great toe proximal phalanx osteotomy, the joint preservative surgery in severe forefoot disorders, including revision after failed bunionectomy and rheumatoid forefoot following the "ms” point for an accurate and effective metatarsal shortening. Lastly, new procedures are exposed, particularly in Claw toe and hammer with the PIP plantar release and the surgery of the middle phalanx and also the Weil osteotomy of the first metatarsal in hallux limitus.
Forecasting with Exponential Smoothing : The State Space Approach
Exponential smoothing methods have been around since the 1950s, and are the most popular forecasting methods used in business and industry. Recently, exponential smoothing has been revolutionized with the introduction of a complete modeling framework incorporating innovations state space models, likelihood calculation, prediction intervals and procedures for model selection. In this book, all of the important results for this framework are brought together in a coherent manner with consistent notation. In addition, many new results and extensions are introduced and several application areas are examined in detail.
Forecasting Innovations : Methods for Predicting Numbers of Patent Filings
This is a practical guide to solutions for a case study of forecasting demand for services and products in international markets - and so much more than just another listing of dry theoretical methods. Leading experts present studies on improvements to methods for forecasting numbers of incoming patent filings at the European Patent Office. Studies are presented from econometric, survey and systems theory viewpoints.
Forecasting and Assessing Risk of Individual Electricity Peaks
The overarching aim of this open access book is to present self-contained theory and algorithms for investigation and prediction of electric demand peaks. A cross-section of popular demand forecasting algorithms from statistics, machine learning and mathematics is presented, followed by extreme value theory techniques with examples.
Forces, Growth and Form in Soft Condensed Matter : At the Interface between Physics and Biology
This volume comprises the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Geilo, Norway, 24 March - 3 April 2003, the seventeenth ASI in a series held every two years since 1971. The objective of this ASI was to identify and discuss areas where synergism between modern physics, soft condensed matter and biology might be most fruitful. The main pedagogical approach was to have lecturers focussing on basic understanding of important aspects of the relative role of the various interaction- electrostatic, hydrophobic, steric, conformational, van der Waals etc. Soft condensed matter and the connection between physics and biology have been the themes of several earlier Geilo Schools. A return to these subjects thus allowed a fresh look and a possibility for defining new directions for research. Examples of soft materials, which were discussed at this ASI, included colloidal dispersions, gels, biopolymers and charged polymer solutions, polyelectrolytes, protein/membrane complexes, nucleic acids and their complexes. Indeed, most forms of condensed matter are soft and these substances are composed of aggregates and macromolecules, with interactions that are too weak and complex to form crystals spontaneously. A characteristic feature is that small external forces, slight perturbations in temperature, pressure or concentration, can all be enough to induce significant structural changes. Thermal fluctuations are almost by definition strong in soft materials and entropy is a predominant determinant of structure, so that disorder, slow dynamics and plastic deformation are the rule. Hence the phrase ‘soft condensed matter’ has been coined.
Force Sensors for Microelectronic Packaging Applications
This monograph is intended for wire bonding and flip-chip packaging professionals and for scientists and engineers working in the field of mechanical microsensors. New measurement technologies are introduced that allow in situ and real-time examination of physical processes during the packaging process or during subsequent reliability tests. The measurement system presented here enables measurements at formerly inaccessible packaging interconnects. For the first time it becomes possible to describe the wire bonding process window in terms of the physical forces at the contact zone instead of the applied machine settings. This is significant for a deeper understanding of these packaging processes. Applications of the sensor in the field of wire bonding and flip-chip characterization are illustrated. The reader will gain much insight into the important field of interconnection technology in semiconductor packaging.
Football Traumatology : Current Concepts : From Prevention to Treatment
Lesions associated with football are on the increase and their typology has also changed over the years. Football, like many other sports, has undergone major changes: the increase in the intensity and speed of the game, the modern training methodologies, the technical and tactical innovations are all factors contributing to increased risks of traumatic injury. The footballers, the trainers, the sport's medical staff are asking for greater information and knowledge on the traumatic lesions associated with this sport. The primary role of those who are concerned with the health of footballers is to enforce preventive measures to reduce wherever possible the risks of trauma.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus
The chapters in this volume provide an account of the present knowledge and understanding of Foot and Mouth disease virus pathogenesis and global epidemiology, the detailed structure of the virus itself and the properties of its RNA genome. Also considered are the immune response of the host and the state of the art in vaccine production, and the nature of virus evolution.
Food-Borne Parasitic Zoonoses : Fish and Plant-Borne Parasites
The focus of this book is on those zoonoses that are transmitted by fish, plant and invertebrate foods. While people, especially those living in developed countries, are commonly aware of meat-borne zoonoses such as trichinellosis and cysticercosis, fewer are acquainted with parasitic diseases caused by liver, lung and intestinal flukes, fish-borne tapeworms, and tissue roundworms. This book reviews not only the prevalence and distribution of these zoonoses, including available health and economic impact data, but also highlights gaps in our knowledge base that must be filled in order to gain insights on approaches to prevention. The topics on epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical aspects emphasize knowledge gaps that limit a full understanding of these zoonoses, and target where greater research investments on these parasitic diseases should be focused.
Food Safety Culture : Creating a Behavior-Based Food Safety Management System
Food safety awareness is at an all time high, new and emerging threats to the food supply are being recognized, and consumers are eating more and more meals prepared outside of the home. Accordingly, retail and foodservice establishments, as well as food producers at all levels of the food production chain, have a growing responsibility to ensure that proper food safety and sanitation practices are followed, thereby, safeguarding the health of their guests and customers. Achieving food safety success in this changing environment requires going beyond traditional training, testing, and inspectional approaches to managing risks. It requires a better understanding of organizational culture and the human dimensions of food safety. To improve the food safety performance of a retail or foodservice establishment, an organization with thousands of employees, or a local community, you must change the way people do things. You must change their behavior. In fact, simply put, food safety equals behavior.
Food Safety and Ways to Prevent Life-Threatening Pollutants
The fears regarding food safety started long time ago, and till this very moment of ours, the international organizations and INGOs pay lots of hard work to minimize and achieve reduction in the effects and the suffering caused to people around the world by contaminated foods each year. This research talks about the main patterns of food contaminants, and they are chemical, physical, biological, and last but not least the contamination caused by radioactive substances. It is also important to talk about the methods of precaution and protection against the diseases and illnesses produced by contaminated foods, as well about the role of INGOs which are dedicated and specialized in law and regulations enactment for bounding the incidence of food contamination in the world, for raising the public awareness towards food safety, and to keep up with the latest updates of events. This research also contains vast Information about Covid-19 and its spreading process via contaminated food.
Food safety and toxicology : Present and future perspectives
Safety assurance of consumer goods has become a global challenge. The presence of natural and synthetic contaminants in food compromises food safety and poses a risk to public health. Discusses biological and chemical food contaminants, predictive and detection methods of food toxicants, survival mechanism of food pathogens, legislation on microbial contaminants to prevent public health risks and strategies to mitigate contamination.
Food Price Volatility and Its Implications for Food Security and Policy
This book provides fresh insights into concepts, methods and new research findings on the causes of excessive food price volatility. It also discusses the implications for food security and policy responses to mitigate excessive volatility. The approaches applied by the contributors range from on-the-ground surveys, to panel econometrics and innovative high-frequency time series analysis as well as computational economics methods. It offers policy analysts and decision-makers guidance on dealing with extreme volatility.
Food preservation and safety of natural products
Food Preservation and Safety of Natural Products addresses the most common causes of food spoilage that create significant loss to global food production while also discussing how food serves as a vehicle for the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for mild to debilitating health conditions in humans. The book provides essential information for food safety professionals on issues relating to foodborne diseases and offers potential solutions by presenting various methods of incorporating natural products in food production to prevent the spread of foodborne pathogenic organisms. The demand for green consumerism and consumers general distaste for synthetic food additives poses a serious challenge to food safety and preservation. Natural products are used as green and sustainable source of bioactive compounds that can be applied in various fields including food. The use of plant and other natural products in food preservation is on the rise, hence this book reviews microbial mediated food spoilage, foodborne pathogens and food contamination and offers applications of natural products in food preservation.
Food powders : Physical properties, processing, and functionality
Food Powders: Physical Properties, Processing, and Functionality is a comprehensive review on the characterization of ingredients, semi-processed and finished products when they are in a powdered form. It includes the description of different industrial unit operations such as drying, grinding, mixing, agglomeration, and encapsulation that supply food powders of different composition and microstructure. It also includes several analytical tools to characterize food powders by their particle size, size distribution, physical properties, and functionality.
