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Cyber-physical systems of systems : Foundations : A conceptual model and some derivations : The AMADEOS legacy
Technical Systems-of-Systems (SoS) – in the form of networked, independent constituent computing systems temporarily collaborating to achieve a well-defined objective – form the backbone of most of today’s infrastructure. The energy grid, most transportation systems, the global banking industry, the water-supply system, the military equipment, many embedded systems, and a great number more, strongly depend on systems-of-systems. The correct operation and continuous availability of these underlying systems-of-systems are fundamental for the functioning of our modern society.
Curcumin : clinical uses, health effects and potential complications
Curcumin is a natural product with polyphenolic structure. It is used in therapeutic remedies alone or in combination with other natural substances. Many researchers are investigating it because of its biological activities such as: anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-protozoal, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and has been found to be effective for treatment of Alzheimer, depression, headaches, fibromyalgia, leprosy, fever, menstrual problems, water retention, worms and kidney problems etc. It is an active ingredient in dietary spice, turmeric. It has reactive functional groups: a diketone moiety and two phenolic groups. Despite its unique biological activities, it suffers from some shortcomings which include: gastrointestinal problems, poor bioavailability due to its poor absorption, short half-life, poor solubility in aqueous solutions, rapid systemic elimination and antithrombotic activity which can interfere with blood clotting. The first chapter of this book reviews the different delivery systems used for incorporation of curcumin and its derivatives, release kinetics and up to date in vivo results. Chapter two discusses curcumin nano and microencapsulation and its implications on clinical uses.
CSR and Codes of Business Ethics in the USA, Austria (EU) and China and their Enforcement in International Supply Chain Arbitrations
Analyzes the implementation of CSR reporting and codes of business conduct and ethics in the legal systems of the USA, Austria and China and their enforcement in international supply chain arbitrations. demonstrates that long-term profit maximization is increasingly intertwined with corporate ethics and CSR policies. In order to prevent window-dressing and greenwashing, certain control mechanisms and legal standards are required along the entire supply chain.
Courts, politics and constitutional law : judicialization of politics and politicization of the judiciary
Examines how the judicialization of politics, and the politicization of courts, affect representative democracy, rule of law and separation of powers. This volume critically assesses the phenomena of judicialization of politics and politicization of the judiciary. It explores the rising impact of courts on key constitutional principles, such as democracy and separation of powers, which is paralleled by increasing criticism of this influence from both liberal and illiberal perspectives. The book also addresses the challenges to rule of law as a principle, preconditioned on independent and powerful courts, which are triggered by both democratic backsliding and the mushrooming of populist constitutionalism and illiberal constitutional regimes.
Countering Nuclear and Radiological Terrorism
One key outcome of this book is a better understanding of the independent contributions from across the international community of the scientific and technological components and the legal, policy and institutional components to combating nuclear/radiological terrorism. The book can serve as a tool for communicating the outcomes of the workshop to the multi-national scientific communities engaged in combating nuclear/radiological terrorism, and to those working at governmental and policy levels.
Cost-Efficient Design
This is the first English edition of an established work on cost-driven product design and development. It offers tried and tested methods for understanding, influencing and reducing product costs. The methodology and organization of cost management, as well as the effects on each type of cost are described. Using this knowledge the product developer can assume responsibility for costs. The numerous examples and detailed derivation of results provide the practical user with problem solutions and hints. Methods such as Target Costing and Simultaneous Engineering are discribed. Thus the book will also help the specialist who does not have the overview of the complex interrelationships in the enterprise. The work is also suited for students, as well as for practicing engineers.
Cosmic Ray Interactions, Propagation, and Acceleration in Space Plasmas
"The book consists of four Chapters. Chapter 1 shortly describes main properties of space plasmas and primary CR, different types of CR interactions with space plasmas components Chapter 2 considers the problem of CR propagation in space plasmas described by the kinetic equation and different types of diffusion approximations ,Chapter 3 is devoted to CR non-linear effects in space plasmas caused by CR pressure and CR kinetic stream instabilities with the generation of Alfvèn turbulence In Chapter 4 different processes of CR acceleration in space plasmas are considered: the development of the Fermi statistical mechanism, acceleration in the turbulent plasma, Alfven mechanism of magnetic pumping, induction mechanisms, acceleration during magnetic collapse and compression, cumulative acceleration mechanism near the zero lines of a magnetic field, acceleration in shear flows, shock-wave diffusion (regular) acceleration. The book ends with a list providing more than 1,300 full references, a discussion on future developments and unsolved problems, as well as Object and Author indexes. "
Contributions to the Science of Text and Language : Word Length Studies and Related Issues
This volume contains a collection of contributions to the science of language, focusing on the study of word length in particular. Within a synergetic framework, the word turns out to be a central linguistic unit, as is clearly outlined in the Editorâs preface. The bookâs first chapter is an extensive introduction to the history and state of the art of word length studies.The studies included unify contributions from three important linguistic fields, namely, linguistics and text analysis, mathematics and statistics, and corpus and data base design, which together give a comprehensive approach to the quantitative study of text and language and word length studies.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Clinical Practice : Liver, Prostate, Pancreas, Kidney and Lymph Nodes
Concomitant with the improvement of contrast agents, different contrast-specific imaging modalities have been developed which, used in combination with USCA and a low mechanical index, allow continuous real-time grey-scale imaging. These recent technical improvements have opened new possibilities in the use of USCA in a variety of indications. Written by internationally renowned experts, the contributions gathered in this book give an overview of current and possible future new applications of USCA in routine and clinical practice.
Contemporary Cryptology
The aim of this text is to treat selected topics of the subject of contemporary cryptology, structured in five quite independent but related themes: Efficient distributed computation modulo a shared secret / Multiparty computation / Foundations of modern cryptography / Provable security for public key schemes / Efficient and secure public-key cryptosystems.
Constituents of Modern System-safety Thinking
Constituents of Modern System-safety Thinking contains the invited papers presented at the Thirteenth annual Safety-critical Systems Symposium, held at Southampton, UK in February 2005. The papers included in this volume bring together topics that are of the utmost importance in current safety thinking. The core of modern safety thinking and practice is a risk-based approach, and, this is not only a common thread running throughout the papers, but is also explored in two of them. Other themes considered include the safety case, safety assessment, accident investigation, and the commonality between the processes and techniques employed in safety and security engineering. Papers contain extensive industrial experience as well as recent academic research and are presented under the headings: Independent Safety Assessment, Safety and Security, Accident Investigation, Risk and its Tolerability, Achieving and Arguing the Safety of Modular Systems, and Technologies for Dependability.
Concrete - filled double skin steel tubular column with hybrid fibre reinforced polymer : post fire repair
Highlights the residual strength of the CFDST column, that can be used to determine the most suitable repair method in order to retrofit the column. The book elaborates on the behavior of CFDST column after being exposed to fire. This book also discusses the effectiveness of repair method using single and Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) of fire-damaged CFDST columns.
Conceptual Modeling of Information Systems
When designing an information system, conceptual modeling is the activity that elicits and describes the general knowledge the system needs to know. This description, called the conceptual schema, is necessary in order to develop an information system.textbook explains in detail the principles of conceptual modeling independently from particular methods and languages and shows how to apply them in real-world projects. It covers all aspects of the engineering process from structural modeling over behavioral modeling to meta-modeling, and completes the presentation with an extensive case study based on the osCommerce system, an online store-management software program freely available under the GNU General Public License. His presentation is based on well-known industry standards like UML and OCL as a particular conceptual modeling language, yet also delivers the basics of the formal logical language background.
Computers and Games ; 6th International Conference, CG 2008, Beijing, China, September 29 - October 1, 2008. Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computers and Games, CG 2008, held in Beijing, China, in September/October 2008 co-located with the 13th Computer Olympiad and the 16th World Computer-Chess Championship.
Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces IV
Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces IV gathers the latest research of experts, research teams and leading organisations involved in computer-aided design of user interactive applications supported by software, with specific attention for platform-independent user interfaces and context-sensitive or aware applications. This includes: innovative model-based and agent-based approaches, code-generators, model editors, task animators, translators, checkers, advice-giving systems and systems for graphical and multimodal user interfaces. It also addresses User Interface Description Languages. This books attempts to emphasize the software tool support for designing user interfaces and their underlying languages and methods, beyond traditional development environments offered by the market. It will be of interest to software development practitioners and researchers whose work involves human-computer interaction, design of user interfaces, frameworks for computer-aided design, formal and semi-formal methods, web services and multimedia systems, interactive applications, and graphical user and multi-user interfaces.
Computer Simulations of Liquid Crystals and Polymers ; Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Computational Methods for Polymers and Liquid Crystalline Polymers, Erice, Italy. 16-22 July 2003
Liquid crystals, polymers and polymer liquid crystals are soft condensed matter systems of major technological and scientific interest. An understanding of the macroscopic properties of these complex systems and of their many and interesting peculiarities at the molecular level can nowadays only be attained using computer simulations and statistical mechanical theories. Both in the Liquid Crystal and Polymer fields a considerable amount of simulation work has been done in the last few years with various classes of models at different special resolutions, ranging from atomistic to molecular and coarse-grained lattice models. Each of the two fields has developed its own set of tools and specialized procedures and the book aims to provide a state of the art review of the computer simulation studies of polymers and liquid crystals. This is of great importance in view of a potential cross-fertilization between these connected areas which is particularly apparent for a number of experimental systems like, e.g. polymer liquid crystals and anisotropic gels where the different fields necessarily merge. An effort has been made to assess the possibilities of a coherent description of the themes that have developed independently, and to compare and extend the theoretical and computational techniques put forward in the different areas.
Computer simulations in condensed matter : From materials to chemical biology ; Vol.2
This extensive and comprehensive collection of lectures by world-leading experts in the field introduces and reviews all relevant computer simulation methods and their applications in condensed matter systems. Volume 1, published as LNP 703 (ISBN 3-540-35270-8) is an in-depth introduction to a vast spectrum of computational techniques for statistical mechanical systems of condensed matter. It will enable the graduate student and both the specialist and nonspecialist researcher to get acquainted with the tools necessary to carry out numerical simulations at an advanced level. The present volume is a state-of-the-art survey on numerical experiments carried out for a great number of systems, ranging from materials sciences to chemical biology, such as supercooled liquids, spin glasses, colloids, polymers, liquid crystals, biological membranes and folding proteins.
Computer simulations in condensed matter : From materials to chemical biology ; Vol.1
This extensive and comprehensive collection of lectures by world-leading experts in the field introduces and reviews all relevant computer simulation methods and their applications in condensed matter systems. Volume 1 is an in-depth introduction to a vast spectrum of computational techniques for statistical mechanical systems of condensed matter. It will enable the graduate student and both the specialist and nonspecialist researcher to get acquainted with the tools necessary to carry out numerical simulations at an advanced level. Volume 2 published as LNP 704 (ISBN 3-540-35283-X) is a collection of state-of-the-art surveys on numerical experiments carried out for a great number of systems, ranging from materials sciences to chemical biology.
Computer Processing of Oriental Languages. Beyond the Orient : The Research Challenges Ahead ; 21st International Conference, ICCPOL 2006, Singapore, December 17-19, 2006, Proceedings
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages, ICCPOL 2006.The papers are organized in topical sections on information retrieval, document classification, questions and answers, summarization, machine translation, word segmentation, chunking, abbreviation expansion, writing-system issues, parsing, semantics, and lexical resources.
Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language ; 7th International Workshop, PROPOR 2006, Itatiaia, Brazil, May 13-17, 2006, Proceedings
Since 1993, PROPOR Workshops have become an important forum for - searchers involved in the Computational Processing of Portuguese,both written and spoken. The workshop and this book were structured around the following main t- ics, seven for full papers: (i) automatic summarization; (ii) resources; (iii) au- matic translation; (iv) named entity recognition; (v) tools and frameworks; (vi) systems and models; and another ?ve topics for short papers; (vii) information extraction; (viii) speech processing; (ix) lexicon; (x) morpho-syntactic studies; (xi) web, corpus and evaluation.
