Page 1
Page 1
تخطيط المدن في العمارة الإسلامية : فكر وفنون
يهدف الكتاب تتبع التحولات العمرانية التي مرت بها المدينة والعمارة الإسلامية منذ نشأتها حتى الآن، وذلك من خلال التطرق إلى الأنماط العمرانية التي شهدتها عمارة المدن الإسلامية عبر العصور المختلفة، مع بيان الأسس والمعايير وخصائص التخطيط والتحولات العمرانية للمدينة الإسلامية بشكل عام، حيث وجد أن هناك ملامح عمرانية مشتركة تتميز بها المدينة الإسلامية أهمها وجود المسجد كمركز للنشاط الديني والسياسي وتنتهي إليه الأنشطة التجارية والإدارية، ومنها التركيب العمراني الذي يعكس التركيب الاجتماعي للسكان والذي يظهر في تقسيمات المدينة إلى إحياء أو حارات، وعلى هذا قام هذا الكتاب بدراسة وافية لكافة جوانب نشأة المدن الإسلامية كالبصرة والكوفة والفسطاط والقيروان وبغداد والقاهرة، وبيان كيفية تخطيطها، وأثر العوامل البيئية والمناخ في تكوينها، وكيف تأثرت الحضارات الأخرى بالعمارة الإسلامية.
القصور في العمارة الإسلامية
اهتم العرب المسلمون ببناء دور الإمارة والقصور بعد أن اتسعت دولتهم وتوطدت أقدامهم في الأقاليم بعد الفتوحات الإسلامية، حيث خرجت فكرة الاهتمام بالمباني، وخاصة القصور بعد أن خفت حدة الفتوحات الاسلامية، وبعد أن أخلد معظم العرب الى الاستقرار، ولم تخرج هذه الفكرة إلى حيز الوجود إلا في أيام الخليفة الثالث عثمان بن عفان، حيث بدأت الثروات تتدفق من كل صوب، وبدأ العرب يخرجون من بداوتهم ويستبدلون دورهم القديمة البسيطة بقصور فخمة، وكانت القصور ودور الإمارة تجاور جوامع المدن الاسلامية الأولى في البصرة والكوفة في حين احتلت القلب أو المركز في مدينة بغداد وأصبحت الجوامع هي المجاورة لها، أما القصور الخاصة فكانت تقع في أغلب الأحيان على أطراف المدينة، وعلى ضوء ذلك يدور محور هذا الكتاب. حيث يضم هذا الكتاب بين دفتيه مختارات بحثية لمجموعة من أشهر الباحثين والعلماء الذين كتبوا في مجال" القصور في العمارة الإسلامية" ، حيث تميزت تلك الابحاث بسهولة الصياغة ودقة المعلومة وجمال الوصف.
Zoonosi e sanità pubblica : Un approccio interdisciplinare per un problema emergente = Zoonosis and Public Health: An Interdisciplinary Approach to an Emerging Problem
Zoonoses, that is, naturally transmissible infections between other animal species and man, are now an emerging problem, even in developed countries. Climate change, human migration flows, growth in international trade and wars favor both the re-emergence of diseases considered rare and the introduction of potentially pathogenic organisms into new geographical areas. For most of these pathologies, however, the majority of health professionals - starting with general practitioners - often do not have appropriate and up-to-date knowledge and tools. The text aims to provide medical personnel - and primarily general practitioners - with both a scientific and regulatory framework and a series of specific and practical information on individual pathologies. This volume is intended to be an operational tool also aimed at encouraging multidisciplinary collaboration and the exchange of information, in particular between doctors and veterinarians.
Young People's Views of Government, Peaceful Coexistence, and Diversity in Five Latin American Countries : IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016 Latin American Report
Presents findings from the five Latin American countries that participated in the second cycle of the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS 2016). ICCS 2016 investigated the ways in which a range of countries are preparing their young people to undertake their roles as citizens during the second decade of the 21st century. The study also responded to new challenges in civic and citizenship education, and its findings allow robust comparisons of lower-secondary students’ attitudes to and perceptions of a wide range of aspects related to civics and citizenship.The results presented in this report come mainly from data collected via a regional Latin American student questionnaire. Data from the international part of the study (test and questionnaire) were used to review the extent to which region-specific perceptions relate to other factors such as students’ level of civic knowledge and students’ socioeconomic and educational contexts.
Young People's Perceptions of Europe in a Time of Change : IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016 European Report
The IEA’s International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) investigates the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a range of countries in the second decade of the 21st century. ICCS 2016 is the second cycle of a study initiated in 2009.This report from ICCS focuses on data collected in the 15 countries that participated in the study’s 2016 European regional questionnaire. It reveals lower secondary school students’ views on European identity, their perceptions of freedom of movement and immigration, and their opinions of Europe and its future.
Workers, Managers, Productivity : Kaizen in Developing Countries
This book explores how improving management techniques can support firms’ productivity and quality. Given its wide range of case studies from across Africa, Asia and Latin America, this book will be of value to scholars, policymakers and advocates of sustainable development alike.
Widening Access to Education as Social Justice : Essays in Honor of Michael Omolewa
Universal access to education, a gage of social justice, is much more than a right—it is an open door to freedom: the freedom to initiate, to act and to take one’s own destiny in hand. True, access to education has progressed considerably in recent years, notably to the benefit of women who, nonetheless, still represent two-thirds of illiterate adults. But the strides made conceal widening disparities, with some countries still suffering from a combination of backwardness and inequality. This means that we must step up our efforts.This book, issued in honor of the President of the General Conference of UNESCO, Michael Abiola Omolewa, who has devoted his life to the cause of education, is a major contribution to helping women and men of goodwill, who must more than ever fight to secure for the have-nots of this world the right to education.
Whos Who in Fluorescence 2005
This new 2005 volume features some 382 entries from no fewer than 32 countries, an increase from 312 entries in the 2003 volume. In addition, we have a continued strong company support, which will enable us to further disseminate the volume in 2005. In this regard we especially thank the instrumentation companies for their continued support, where without their finical contributions; it is likely that the volume would not be the success it is today.
Who’s Who in Fluorescence 2008
"Who’s Who in Fluorescence 2008 is a guide to scientists and workers in the academic, industrial and government sectors who employ fluorescence in their work, as well as to companies that are involved in fluorescence. The 232-page invitation-only volume includes the names, addresses, contact details, and professional interests and specialties of more than 400 contributors from more than 35 countries. Specialty keywords, representative publications and author impact measure numbers are included." (Biophotonics International, August, 2008)
West African Youth Challenges and Opportunity Pathways
This book explores obstacles that impede, and potential pathways toward improving, the material and psychological well-being of youth in and from West Africa. Contributors range from researchers to practitioners, offering a transatlantic, transcontinental set of perspectives on the mounting evidence that, whether they reside in poor “underdeveloped” or wealthier (OECD) countries, young people who live in poverty and are African-born or of African descent are disproportionately burdened by the global phenomenon of increasing income inequality.
Water Resources in the Middle East : Israel-Palestinian Water Issues : From Conflict to Cooperation
Demonstrates hope, optimism and the belief that people with good will can help contribute to peace and mutual cooperation in solving shared water problems essential for their mutual survival and welfare. The present water crisis facing the Middle East will become even more severe over the next twenty years, unless dealt with energetically and in good time. This situation requires urgent action by the countries of the region, the international community and civil society generally. This book provides valuable source material for water scientists, engineers, political scientists, specialists in conflict resolution, environmentalists, economists, lawyers, administrators, managers and policy makers interested in understanding, developing, managing and protecting the scarce shared water resources of the Middle East and for the promotion of "Water for Life" for the benefit of all the nations of the region.
Water Quality Management in the Americas
Considerable attention has been given during the past few years to the water crisis that many regions of the world may face in the coming decades. While the mag- tude and the extent of the global water scarcity problems of the future should not be underestimated, a serious analysis of the current trends indicate that the main water crisis in the coming years is most likely to stem primarily from water quality deterioration and lack of investment funds, rather than from physical water scar- ties per se, as is widely expected at present. In spite of the seriousness of continuing water quality deterioration in most countries of the world, water quality management continues to be a somewhat - glected issue in the international water community.
Water Quality Hazards and Dispersion of Pollutants
Water resources are under stress worldwide and one of the elements of this stress - man's impact on water quality constitutes a key problem especially in well-developed countries. This problem receives an increasing attention of the public, politicians, decision makers nowadays. People have to answer how to achieve any given level and pattern of water quality in particular watercourses and also how to mitigate the catastrophes that are inseparable elements of civilization. The EU water framework directive, which came into force at the end of 2000, changes the way of monitoring, assessing and managing water in European countries. Three groups of quality elements (biological, hydromorphological and physico-chemical) have been identified in the water framework directive as necessary to classify the ecological status of a particular water body.
Water Institutions : Policies, Performance and Prospects
All the current trends indicate that water management will become even more c- plex in the future because of society’s higher demands for good quality water, and new and emerging impacts on the water sector due to the forces of globalisation. These include the liberalisation of trade in agricultural and manufactured products, information and communication revolution, and technological developments in - eas traditionally not considered to be water-oriented, like biotechnology. Impacts of these new and emerging forces on the water sector are still not fully understood or appreciated at present, but they are likely to change water use practices d- matically in many countries of the world during the coming decades.
Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands with Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow
This book fills a gap in the literature by providing an extensive, worldwide overview of this treatment technology. Special attention is paid to assessing the use of this treatment technology in individual countries and treatment performance of various HF CWs with respect to major pollutants in different types of wastewater.
War related neuropsychological disease: Epilepsy
Among the consequences of war, the impact on the mental health of the civilian population is one of the most significant. Studies of the general population show a definite increase in the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders. Women are more affected than men. Other vulnerable groups are children, the elderly and the disabled. Prevalence rates are associated with the degree of trauma, and the availability of physical and emotional support. The use of cultural and religious coping strategies is frequent in developing countries. Epilepsy is a chronic non communicable disease of the brain that affects people of all ages. Around 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy, making it one of the most common neurological diseases globally. Nearly 80% of people with epilepsy live in low- and middle-income countries, it is estimated that up to 70% of people living with epilepsy could live seizure- free if properly diagnosed and treated.
Vulnerable Cities : Realities, Innovations and Strategies
This book combines empirical and comparative analysis of improvement of vulnerable urban space and post-disaster rehabilitation in Asian and Latin American countries. The discussions presented herein will serve as a useful, thought-provoking source for researchers, practitioners and students, especially for those who are working to alleviate the vulnerability of urban space.
Volunteering and Social Inclusion : Interrelations between Unemployment and Civic Engagement in Germany and Great Britain
Conceptualising employment and volunteering as two distinct forms of social inclusion, Susanne Strauß analyses their interrelations in Germany and Great Britain. On the basis of household panel data, she answers questions such as: Does job loss lead people to give up their volunteer work? Or do people who have lost their job keep up their volunteering activities to use them as an alternative source of social recognition? Does volunteering help with finding a new job? By comparing the situation in two different countries, the author stresses that differences in labour market institutions lead to distinct answers. Moreover, the study points to variations with respect to gender, education and the type of volunteering organisations.
Vitamin deficiency
Vitamin deficiency is the condition of a long-term lack of a vitamin. When caused by not enough vitamin intake it is classified as a primary deficiency, whereas when due to an underlying disorder such as malabsorption it is called a secondary deficiency. An underlying disorder may be metabolic – as in a genetic defect for converting tryptophan to niacin – or from lifestyle choices that increase vitamin needs, such as smoking or drinking alcohol. Governments guidelines on vitamin deficiencies advise certain intakes for healthy people, with specific values for women, men, babies, the elderly, and during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Many countries have mandated vitamin food fortification programs to prevent commonly occurring vitamin deficiencies. Conversely hypervitaminosis refers to symptoms caused by vitamin intakes in excess of needs, especially for fat-soluble vitamins that can accumulate in body tissues.
Visualizing Mortality Dynamics in the Lexis Diagram
Visualizes mortality dynamics in the Lexis diagram. While the standard approach of plotting death rates is also covered, the focus in this book is on the depiction of rates of mortality improvement over age and time. This rather novel approach offers a more intuitive understanding of the underlying dynamics, enabling readers to better understand whether period- or cohort-effects were instrumental for the development of mortality in a particular country. Besides maps for single countries, the book includes maps on the dynamics of selected causes of death in the United States, such as cardiovascular diseases or lung cancer. The book also features maps for age-specific contributions to the change in life expectancy, for cancer survival and for seasonality in mortality for selected causes of death in the United States. The book is accompanied by instructions on how to use the freely available R Software to produce these types of surface maps.
