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The primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of bank specific characteristics and macroeconomic variables on the profitability of Syrian banking industry by analysing balanced panel data from 2016 to 2019. A total of 11 Syrian conventional banks’ financial reports were analysed; The paper examines internal variables (bank-level indicators), which include financial leverage, liquidity, nonperforming loans and capital adequacy, as well as external variables, which include macroeconomic and industry-specific variables. The dependent variables used are return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). A multi-regression model of panel data regression analysis is hired for the analysis. The results revealed that the profitability of banks is greatly affected by non-performing debt and the financial Leverage. The results are consistent with previous research conducted on the impact internal factors on the profitability of banks.