الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Molecular Biology of the Parathyroid
Caintaining extracellular calcium concentrations within a narrow range is critical for the survival of most vertebrates. PTH, together with vitamin D, responds to hypocalcemia to increase extracellu M lar calcium levels, by acting on bone, kidney and intestine. The recent intro duction of PTH as a major therapeutic agent in osteoporosis has directed renewed interest in this important hormone and in the physiology of the parathyroid gland. The parathyroid is unique in that low serum calcium stimulates PTH secretion. As hypocalcemia persists, there is also an increase in PTH synthesis. Chronic hypocalcemia leads to hypertrophy and hyper plasia of the parathyroid gland together with increased production of the hormone. Phosphate is also a key modulator of PTH secretion, gene expres sion and parathyroid cell proliferation. Understanding the biology of the parathyroid as well as the mecha nisms of associated diseases has taken great strides in recent years. This book summarizes the molecular mechanisms involved in the function of the para thyroid gland. The first chapter reviews the development of the parathyroid gland and the genes involved in this process as identified using genetically manipulated mice. Then the biosynthetic pathway of PTH from gene ex pression to its intracellular processing and the sequences in the gene control ling its transcription as well as those regulating mRNA processing, stability and translation are described.
Graves' disease And New Therapies
• Thyroid gland. • The hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis. • Thyroid hormones. • Physiology. • Thyroid tests. • Blood tests. • TSH test. • T4 tests. • T3 test. • Thyroid antibodies test. • Imaging tests. • Ultrasound. • Thyroid scan. • Radioactive iodine uptake test. • Thyroid gland disorders. • Hyperthyroidism. • Hypothyroidism. • Anti-thyroid medication. • Radioactive iodine therapy. • Thyroid surgery. • Graves’ ophthalmopathy. • Treatment of GO.
Endocrinology : Basic and Clinical Principles
For this new edition of Conn & Melmed's Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles, a panel of distinguished scientists and clinicians has completely rewritten every chapter to reflect the latest advances in our understanding of the endocrine system. Maintaining the original goal of the first edition to integrate the basic science of endocrinology with its physiological and clinical principles, the authors have succinctly summarized in 450 pages the latest findings on hormone secretion and hormone action, as well as all of the most recent insights into the physiology and pathophysiology of hormonal disorders. Coverage extends across the entire spectrum of endocrinology-from mammalian cells, plants, and insects to animal models and human diseases-with much increased coverage of diabetes and metabolism. Highlights include cutting-edge discussions of appetite disorders, obesity, reproductive failure, control of thyroid function, hormone action in humans and the lower species, and the mechanisms subserving hormone secretion.
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals : From Basic Research to Clinical Practice
This book presents a translational approach to EDC research, spanning both basic biology and clinical applications, and provides a critical link between the laboratory and the physicians’ office. Scientists and physicians engaged in EDC studies or practice will find that this volume offers insight across all areas of EDC research, including clarifying the mechanisms for EDC effects, understanding the adverse affects of EDCs on humans and wildlife, and offering solutions to the problems created by exposures to EDCs.
