الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Obesity and Diabetes
The increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity in western societies today makes these two diseases the leading epidemics of the 21st century. Closely linked with the development of serious complications, including cardiovascular disease and several malignancies, the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity and diabetes will continue to escalate as the population ages and becomes more sedentary. In Obesity and Diabetes, international experts from world-renowned medical schools comprehensively review for practicing clinicians and scientists alike the latest understanding of the epidemiology, causation, and consequences of diabetes and obesity.
Nutraceuticals in obesity management and control
Provides detailed information on nutraceuticals that can be helpful in the control and management of obesity. It clarifies key aspects of nutraceuticals that include sources, extraction, chemistry, mechanisms of action, pharmacology, bioavailability, safety, and various applications. Beginning with a concise overview of the prevalence of obesity, complications related to obesity, and current treatment regimens, the volume delves into the roles of functional foods and nutraceuticals for the management of body weight and for alleviating obesity comorbidities. It goes on to discuss the effect of some of the most commonly and frequently used naturally occurring nutraceutical substances, along with their mechanisms of action in controlling obesity. The volume looks at the role of nutraceutical fruits as well as the beneficial aspects of carotenoids in fruits and vegetables and explores antioxidant-rich nutraceuticals, the role of vitamins and supplements, the use of green tea, and the potential of pseudocereals and spices in the management of metabolic syndrome.
New Vision of Multiblesclerosis
"There is an evidence that both the multiple sclerosis increased prevalence and incidence rate of over the last few decades. Therefore, the goal of our study is to highlight the causes and the risk factors of such neurological disease in order to raise the public awareness for its early symptoms to be able to treat the patients as early as possible and to have the best outcome. The symptoms of this disease are similar to some extent to other diseases so we will design a table and a test for differential diagnosis with such diseases because there is not a specific diagnostic test also taking into consideration to include in our current project A new promising medication (Radicava)which was first approved by FDA in 2015 in Japan 20 years after all old mentioned medications in this study and we started communication with a brilliant neurological doctor to plan using it first time ever in our country. Beside that we will recommend some important diet to follow for patients and some advises to avoid some risk factors which can develop this disease."
NEURO-COVID-19 : Neuroinvasive potential and neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2
From the earliest days of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been reports of significant neurological and psychological symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This research paper is designed to examine the potential psychoneuroendocrine pathogenic mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 elicits psychiatric sequelae, as well as to posit potential pharmacologic strategies to address and reverse these pathologies. Following a brief overview of the presence and prevalence of neuropsychiatric manifestation in COVID-19 patients, we address mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 could enter or otherwise elicit changes in the CNS.
Multiple pregnancy
Multiple pregnancy affects 0.9-3.1% of births worldwide. Prevalence rates vary significantly due to differences in dizygotic twinning rates and use of assisted reproduction. Both maternal and fetal/neonatal complications are more common in multiple compared to singleton pregnancies, and there are specific problems for the fetuses related to monochorionicity. Multiple pregnancies require specialised and individualised care. Complicated multiple pregnancies should be managed in a tertiary care centre where there is additional expertise, such as the laser ablation needed to treat monochorionic monozygotic pregnancies with conjoined circulations. Cornerstones of management in pregnancy are the need for accurate fetal measurement to optimise dating of gestational age, and documentation of chorionicity. High-level ultrasound expertise is needed. The mothers need frequent assessment to detect hypertension and anemia, and early identification and management of preterm labour.
Molecular autoimmunity
The autoimmune disease paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, a rare hemolytic disorder. After a century of research, the list of autoimmune diseases has become impressive. With a prevalence of approximately 5% of the world-wide population, these chronic, debilitating conditions affect almost every major organ of the body and, for reasons that remain unclear, are much more prevalent in woman than in men. Despite our rapidly expanding knowledge of the cellular and molecular pathways that govern a normal immune response, deciphering the precise etiology of autoimmune diseases remains an important challenge. Over the last few years, our understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has improved rapidly, leading to the emergence of elegant immunointervention strategies. Molecular Autoimmunity illustrates how cutting-edge research is continuing to advance our understanding of autoimmune disease mechanisms and identifies novel therapeutic targets that provide a hope for effective future treatments. This volume contains a selected number of exciting advances in unraveling autoimmune reactions, and the resulting new armory of experimental immunotherapies that may lead to new ways of controlling autoimmune reactions.
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization : A Clinical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment
This book is a wide-ranging reference on current clinical and scientific knowledge regarding the various aspects of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Background information is first presented on the structural properties of hypomineralized enamel, the prevalence of MIH, and potential etiological factors.
Microorganisms in Foods 6 : Microbial Ecology of Food Commodities
The second edition of Microorganisms in Foods 6: Microbial Ecology of Food Commodities is intended for those primarily in applied aspects of food microbiology. For 17 commodity areas it describes the initial microbial flora and the prevalence of pathogens, the microbiological consequences of processing, typical spoilage patterns, episodes implicating those commodities with foodborne illness, and measures to control pathogens and limit spoilage. The control measures are presented in a standardized format in line with international developments in risk management. A comprehensive index has also been added.
Ion Channels
Ion channels play a vital role in basic physiological functions such as generation of electrical activity in nerves and muscle, control of cardiac excitability, intracellular signaling, hormone secretion, cell proliferation and many other biological processes. Because of their prevalence and the critical role they play in virtually all tissue types and organs, ion channels are also involved in a number of pathophysiological conditions. The aim of this volume is to review recent advances in the field of ion channel related diseases. Following an overview chapter summarizing the current state of ion channel screening technologies, five topics covering areas such as cancer, cardiac arrhythmias, cystic fibrosis, and pain have been selected, and the current state of knowledge is presented by leading experts in their field.
Investigative Electrocardiography in Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials
It reviews the prevalence and incidence and emphasizes the prognostic implications of common ECG abnormalities in contrasting populations. It provides a comprehensive, penetrating and critical analysis of topics such as QT prolongation in clinical drug trials, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia/infarction and epidemiological consideration of relative risks associated with ECG abnormalities. As such it is an essential tool in epidemiological or clinical research using ECGs and in investigations of possible adverse responses of new pharmacological agents.
Insomimia
Highlights the significant prevalence of insomnia within the Syrian population and underscores the importance of non-pharmacological treatments and social support in managing the disorder. Further research is needed to develop effective interventions and improve awareness and treatment of insomnia.
Il metodo clinico rivisitato : Lezioni e seminari di clinica medica = The Clinical Method Revisited : Clinical Medical Lectures and Seminars
This volume, dedicated to medical students who live the exciting moment of initiation into the medical profession, is structured in eleven didactic modules, which are developed according to the typical sequence of problem solving revised in the light of the EBM method (presentation of problem, formulation and testing of hypotheses, formulation of clinical and background questions, comparison with international literature, answer to questions, application to the clinical case and possible formulation of recommendations for practice, case management). Linked to them are eight in-depth analyzes structured as compendia of evidence (Evidence compendia, in the style of Clinical Evidence), in which a series of background questions relating to complex pathologies, of high prevalence and of considerable interest for the hospital internist and of the territory. Although fundamentally designed for teaching, the book can also be a useful tool for all those who practice medicine by placing the man with his disease at the center of the diagnostic-therapeutic procedure.
Hydra = هايدرا
Forgery involves the use of advanced algorithms to replicate and distribute deceptive products across various categories, casting shadows of doubt on the authenticity of goods. Although counterfeit detection can be useful in identifying and mitigating fraudulent activities, the widespread presence of counterfeit goods poses significant dangers, undermining consumer confidence and brand reputation. To underscore the severity of this issue, consider instances such as fake luxury items flooding the market, counterfeit electronics compromising safety, or bogus pharmaceuticals endangering health. Addressing this issue is critical in maintaining the integrity of brands, safeguarding consumer well-being, and preserving trust in the marketplace. The ability to distinguish between authentic and counterfeit products is paramount in ensuring accurate decision-making and preventing the harmful consequences of fraudulent goods. This technological context underscores the urgency of developing and deploying cutting-edge solutions to combat the evolving landscape of product forgery. Hydra emerges as a robust solution, utilizing a comprehensive approach that includes extracting posts and images from search engine tools, and is integrated with AI models to detect forgery. The Hydra platform not only provides users with a powerful tool for detecting counterfeit products but also offers tangible benefits such as enhanced brand security, increased awareness about the prevalence of forgeries, and the opportunity to actively participate in a real-time community.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease : Principles of disease, diagnosis, and treatment
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common disorders with an increasing prevalence and incidence in the last two decades. This book presents clinically relevant information for gastroenterologists, internists, surgeons, residents and also nurses, who frequently care for GERD patients.
Gastroesophagal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease with a high prevalence worldwide and a great socioeconomic burden. GERD is a multifactorial disease in which anatomical and functional factors both play a pathogenetic role. The disease can manifest in various symptoms which can be grouped into typical, atypical and extra-esophageal symptoms. The pathophysiology of GERD is complex and not completely understood. An abnormal LES pressure and increased reflux during transient LES relaxations are believed to be key etiologic factors. Prolonged exposure of the esophagus to acid is another. Heartburn and acid regurgitation are the most common symptoms of GERD, although pathologic reflux can result in a wide variety of clinical presentations.
Food-Borne Parasitic Zoonoses : Fish and Plant-Borne Parasites
The focus of this book is on those zoonoses that are transmitted by fish, plant and invertebrate foods. While people, especially those living in developed countries, are commonly aware of meat-borne zoonoses such as trichinellosis and cysticercosis, fewer are acquainted with parasitic diseases caused by liver, lung and intestinal flukes, fish-borne tapeworms, and tissue roundworms. This book reviews not only the prevalence and distribution of these zoonoses, including available health and economic impact data, but also highlights gaps in our knowledge base that must be filled in order to gain insights on approaches to prevention. The topics on epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical aspects emphasize knowledge gaps that limit a full understanding of these zoonoses, and target where greater research investments on these parasitic diseases should be focused.
Early Life Origins of Health and Disease
Early Life Origins of Health and Disease is a new book which presents and discusses the many factors that may have impact on normal development. In a concise and readable manner, the authors consider both the proven and suggestive evidence that the high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and, in some populations, kidney disease, may not be all due to genetics or adult environment alone. There is good evidence that stress and more subtle dietary deficiencies, as well as placental malfunction, may increase the risk that the offspring will develop these problems in later life. Finally, new and emerging evidence for other areas of human health and disease such a motor control and mental health is critically reviewed for the first time. The book is a ‘must’ for all scientists interested in researching these areas, as there is a critical evaluation of the methodology used and suggestions for the ‘optimal’ way in which to investigate these phenomena.
Drug-Induced Oral Complications
Provides detailed information on the prevalence and manifestations of the most important oral complications associated with different drug treatments, focusing especially on recently developed therapies. Among the diverse adverse drug reactions covered are gingival overgrowth, ulcerations, lichenoid reactions, pigmentation, and bullous reactions. The potential direct toxic effects on bone of drugs that prevent bone mass loss, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, are fully examined, as is the occurrence of spontaneous oral bleeding in patients receiving antithrombotic therapies. Further chapters focus on drug-induced taste disorders and salivary gland disturbances, including xerostomia, swelling, and hypersalivation. The enhanced risk of oral infections when using chemotherapy and biotherapy is addressed, and the closing chapter examines drug-related perioral and facial complications. This book is a collaborative work that brings together clinicians, surgeons, and specialists in drug safety surveillance.
Drug development for rare diseases
A disease is defined as rare if the prevalence is fewer than 200,000 in the United States. It is estimated that there are more than 7,000 rare diseases, which collectively affect 30 million Americans or 10% of the US population. This diverse and complex disease area poses challenges for patients, caregivers, regulators, drug developers, and other stakeholders. This book is proposed to give an overview of the common issues facing rare disease drug developers, summarize challenges specific to clinical development in small populations, discuss drug development strategies in the evolving regulatory environment, explain generation and utilization of different data and evidence
Disability, Health and Human Development
Introduces the human development model to define disability and map its links with health and wellbeing, based on Sen’s capability approach. The author uses panel survey data with internationally comparable questions on disability for Ethiopia, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda. It presents evidence on the prevalence of disability and its strong and consistent association with multidimensional poverty, mortality, economic insecurity and deprivations in education, morbidity and employment. It shows that disability needs to be considered from multiple angles including aging, gender, health and poverty. Ultimately, this study makes a call for inclusion and prevention interventions as solutions to the deprivations associated with impairments and health conditions.
