الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Novel NMR and EPR Techniques
This book delivers a survey of recent research in the fields of condensed matter physics and chemistry based on novel NMR and ESR techniques. Applications include quantum computing, metal nanoparticles, low dimensional magnets, fullerenes as atomic cages, superconductors, porous media, and laser assisted studies. The book is dedicated to Professor Robert Blinc, on the occasion of his seventieth birthday, in appreciation of his remarkable scientific accomplishments in the NMR of condensed matter.
Nonlinear Fokker-Planck Equations : Fundamentals and Applications
Providing an introduction to the theory of nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations, this book discusses fundamental properties of transient and stationary solutions, emphasizing the stability analysis of stationary solutions by means of self-consistency equations, linear stability analysis, and Lyapunov's direct method. Also treated are Langevin equations and correlation functions. Nonlinear Fokker-Planck Equations addresses various phenomena such as phase transitions, multistability of systems, synchronization, anomalous diffusion, cut-off solutions, travelling-wave solutions and the emergence of power law solutions. A nonlinear Fokker-Planck perspective to quantum statistics, generalized thermodynamics, and linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics is given. Theoretical concepts are illustrated where possible by simple examples. The book also reviews several applications in the fields of condensed matter physics, the physics of porous media and liquid crystals, accelerator physics, neurophysics, social sciences, population dynamics, and computational physics.
Multifield Problems in Solid and Fluid Mechanics
This book summarizes the main scientific results of the Collaborative Research Center on Multifield Problems in Continuum Mechanics. The book is divided into three main sections: A: Volume-Coupled Problems, devoted to fields which are coupled inside the processing domain or volume, B: Boundary-Coupled Problems, here physical fields and processes are coupled via domain boundaries, C: Fundamental Methods, search into the mathematical concepts and backgrounds of multifield and multiscale modeling.
Morphological Models of Random Structures
This book covers methods of Mathematical Morphology to model and simulate random sets and functions (scalar and multivariate). The introduced models concern many physical situations in heterogeneous media, where a probabilistic approach is required, like fracture statistics of materials, scaling up of permeability in porous media, electron microscopy images (including multispectral images), rough surfaces, multi-component composites, biological tissues, textures for image coding and synthesis. The common feature of these random structures is their domain of definition in n dimensions, requiring more general models than standard Stochastic Processes.The main topics of the book cover an introduction to the theory of random sets, random space tessellations, Boolean random sets and functions, space-time random sets and functions (Dead Leaves, Sequential Alternate models, Reaction-Diffusion), prediction of effective properties of random media, and probabilistic fracture theories.
Information Geometry : Near Randomness and Near Independence
This volume will be useful to practising scientists and students working in the application of statistical models to real materials or to processes with perturbations of a Poisson process, a uniform process, or a state of independence for a bivariate process. We use information geometry to provide a common differential geometric framework for a wide range of illustrative applications including amino acid sequence spacings in protein chains, cryptology studies, clustering of communications and galaxies, cosmological voids, coupled spatial statistics in stochastic fibre networks and stochastic porous media, quantum chaology. Introduction sections are provided to mathematical statistics, differential geometry and the information geometry of spaces of probability density functions.
Gas Transport in Porous Media
This book presents a compilation of state-of-the art studies on gas and vapor transport processes in porous and fractured media. A broad set of models and processes is presented, including advection/diffusion, the Dusty Gas Model, enhanced vapor diffusion, phase change, coupled processes, solid/vapor sorption, and vapor-pressure lowering. Numerous applications are also presented that illustrate these processes and models in current problems facing the scientific community.
Functional approach to nonlinear models of water flow in soils
The mathematical modelling required by these processes revealed from the beg- ning interesting and dificult mathematical problems, so that the attention was redirected to the theoretical mathematical aspects involved. Then, the qualitative results found were used for the explanation of certain behaviours of the physical processes which had made the object of the initial study and for giving answers to the real problems that arise in the soil science practice. In this way the work evidences a perfect topic for an applied mathematical research.
Free Boundary Problems : Theory and Applications
This book gathersa collection of refereed articles containing original result srepo- ing the recent originalcontributions of the lectures and communications presented at the Free Boundary Problems (FBP2005) Conference that took place at the University of Coimbra, Portugal, from 7 to 12 of June 2005. They deal with the Mathematics of a broad class of models and problems involving nonlinear partial diferentialequationsarising inPhysics, Engineering, Biology and Finance. Among the main topics, the talks considered free boundary problems in biomedicine, in porous media, in thermodynamic modeling.
Fluid Transport in Nanoporous Materials : Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, held in La Colle sur Loup, France, 16-28 June 2003
The most promising include molecular sieves which are being developed as inorganic or polymeric systems with 0. 3-30nm in pore dimensions. These nanoporous solids have a broad spectrum of applications in chemical and biochemical processes. The unique applications of molecular sieves are based on their sorption and transport selectivity. Yet, the transport processes in nanoporous systems are not understood well. At the same time, the theoretical capabilities have increased exponentially catalyzed by increases in computational capabilities. The interactions between a diffusing species and the host solid are being studied with increasing details and realism. Further, in situ experimental techniques have been developed which give an understanding of the interactions between diffusing species and nanoporous solids that was not available even a few years ago. The time was ripe to bring together these areas of common interest and study to understand what is known and what has yet to be determined concerning transport in nanoporous solids. Molecular sieves are playing an increasing role in a broad range of industrial petrochemical and biological processes. These include shape-selective separations and catalysis as well as sensors and drug delivery. Molecular sieves are made from inorganic as well as organic solids, e. g. , polymers. They can be employed in packed beds, as membranes and as barrier materials. Initially, the applications of molecular sieves were dominated by the use of zeolites.
Fluid Mechanics
This successful textbook emphasizes the unified nature of all the disciplines of Fluid Mechanics as they emerge from the general principles of continuum mechanics. The different branches of Fluid Mechanics, always originating from simplifying assumptions, are developed according to the basic rule: from the general to the specific.
Flow and transport processes with complex obstructions : Applications to cities, vegetative canopies and industry
The NATO Advanced Study Institute “Flow and Transport Processes in Complex - structed Geometries: from cities and vegetative canopies to engineering problems” was held in Kyiv, Ukraine in the period of May 4 - 15, 2004. This book based on the papers presented there provides an overview of this new area in ?uid mechanics and its app- cations that have developed over the past three decades. The subject, whose origins lie both in theory and in practice, is now rapidly developing in many directions. The focus of applied ?uid mechanics research has steadily been shifting from - gineering to environmental applications.
Flow and transport in fractured porous media
This book addresses the characterization of flow and transport in porous fractured media from experimental and modeling perspectives. The volume explores porous media problems, from the origin of the present natural porous structures, to their characterization, and various flow and transport phenomena that exist within the porous media. Examples are miscible displacements in porous media and fractured rock and the physical and chemical interactions within porous fractured aquifers. The book is a comprehensive presentation of investigations performed and analysed on different scales, supporting the understanding and application of experimental studies and numerical simulations.
Finite element methods and their applications
This book serves as a text for one- or two-semester courses for upper-level undergraduates and beginning graduate students and as a professional reference for people who want to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) using finite element methods. The author has attempted to introduce every concept in the simplest possible setting and maintain a level of treatment that is as rigorous as possible without being unnecessarily abstract. Quite a lot of attention is given to discontinuous finite elements, characteristic finite elements, and to the applications in fluid and solid mechanics including applications to porous media flow, and applications to semiconductor modeling. An extensive set of exercises and references in each chapter are provided.
Experimental Unsaturated Soil Mechanics
These proceedings are a continuation of the series of International Conferences in Germany entitled "Mechanics of Unsaturated Soils." The primary objective is to discuss and understand unsaturated soil behaviour such that engineered activities are made better with times in terms of judgement and quality. We all realise by now that in addition to the knowledge on the classical concepts, it becomes an enormous challenging task to adapt convincing new concepts and present them in such a way that it could be used in engineering practices. The experimental studies reported primarily focus on the role of microstructure and fabric for the complex coupled hydro-mechanical behaviour of cohesive frictional materials. Several papers consider the relevance of temperature affecting the constitutive behaviour of clays. Common features of state of the art theoretical and numerical approaches, including theory of porous media and mixture theory, intend to describe the complex multi-field problems of fully coupled thermo-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical initial - boundary value problems.
Emerging Topics in Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media : From Bioengineering and Microelectronics to Nanotechnology
This book provides a unique collection of articles reviewing the state-of-the-art in the field of heat and mass transfer in porous media with particular emphasis to emerging technologies, from bioengineering and bio-tissues and microelectronics to nanotechnology.
Domain Decomposition Methods for the Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations
Domain decomposition methods are divide and conquer methods for the parallel and computational solution of partial differential equations of elliptic or parabolic type. They include iterative algorithms for solving the discretized equations, techniques for non-matching grid discretizations and techniques for heterogeneous approximations. This book serves as an introduction to this subject, with emphasis on matrix formulations. The topics studied include Schwarz, substructuring, Lagrange multiplier and least squares-control hybrid formulations, multilevel methods, non-self adjoint problems, parabolic equations, saddle point problems (Stokes, porous media and optimal control), non-matching grid discretizations, heterogeneous models, fictitious domain methods, variational inequalities, maximum norm theory, eigenvalue problems, optimization problems and the Helmholtz scattering problem. Selected convergence theory is included.
Convection in Porous Media
This book provides a user-friendly introduction to convection in porous media, such as fibrous insulation, geological strata, and catalytic reactors. The presentation is self-contained, requiring only routine classical mathematics and the basic elements of fluid mechanics and heat transfer. It will thus be of use not only to researchers and practicing engineers as a review and reference, but also to graduate students and others just entering the field. Convection in Porous Media includes nearly 1000 new references and covers: convection in deforming porous media, "designed" porous media, the theory of deformable media, modeling viscous dissipation in hyperporous media, and more.
Contaminant Geochemistry : Interactions and Transport in the Subsurface Environment
This book combines earth science, subsurface hydrology and environmental geochemistry, providing a comprehensive background for specialists interested in the protection and sustainable management of the subsurface environment.The major focus of the book is on contaminant reactions in soil solutions, groundwater and porous media solid phases, accounting for their persistence and transformation in the subsurface, as they are transported from the land surface into groundwater.
Computational Science and High Performance Computing III ; The 3rd Russian-German Advanced Research Workshop, Novosibirsk, Russia, July 23 - 27, 2007
This volume contains 18 contributions to the Third Russian-German Advanced Research Workshop on Computational Science and High Performance Computing presented in July 2007 at Novosibirsk, Russia.
Colloidal Transport in Porous Media
Colloids are known to be the often neglected phase for the transport of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. The book covers the basics of abiotic colloid characterization, of biocolloids and biofilms, the resulting transport phenomena and their engineering aspects. The subject is presented from an international group of leading specialists devoted to colloidal sciences. The contributions include theoretical considerations, results from model experiments as well as field studies. The information given will serve students and scientists interested in the analytical, chemical, microbiological, geological and hydrological aspects of material transport in aquatic systems and soils.
