الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
One-Dimensional Nanostructures
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanowires, nanotubes and quantum wires, have been regarded as the most promising building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Worldwide efforts in both the theory and the experimental investigation of growth, characterization and applications of 1D nanostructures have resulted in a mature, multidisciplinary field. In this book, a wealth of state-of-the-art information offers the opportunity to uncover the underlying science from diverse perspectives. Leading researchers elucidate the synthesis and properties of 1D nanostructures for various morphologies and compositions (semiconductor, metal, carbon, etc.) as well as their considerable impact on spintronics, information storage, and the design of field-effect transistors.
Omega-3 fatty acids : Keys to nutritional health
Argues for the importance of essential nutrients in our diet. Over the last two decades there has been an explosion of research on the relationship of Omega-3 fatty acids and the importance of antioxidants to human health. Expert authors discuss the importance of a diet rich in Omega-3 Fatty acids for successful human growth and development and for the prevention of disease. Chapters highlight their contribution to the prevention and amelioration of a wide range of conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, obesity, mental health and bone health.
Ocular Angiogenesis : Diseases, Mechanisms, and Therapeutics
Highlights include illuminating chapters on gene therapy and novel drug delivery systems and excellent summaries of the newest therapeutic approaches. Comprehensive and multidisciplinary, Ocular Angiogenesis: Diseases, Mechanisms, and Therapeutics offers a novel view of the clinical features of pathological angiogenesis in the eye, the molecular and environmental switches that govern vessel growth, and the tremendous opportunities for and progress made in the development of new therapeutics.
Obesity and Cancer
This book highlights the concordance between signaling pathways that are involved in obesity and cancer cross-talks. It describes the role of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, insulin, and adipokines in the development of obesity-associated cancers. The book reviews the role of inflammatory signaling pathways such as estrogen-mediated signaling, mTOR and AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and the involvement of adaptive and innate immunity, oxidative stress, gene polymorphism, dietary phytochemicals, and miRNAs in obesity and cancer. In addition, it covers the latest research on the drugs and natural therapeutic agents that target obesity-induced cancers and discusses various in vivo models for studying obesity and obesity-associated cancer. Lastly, it analyses the role of genetic polymorphisms in the obesity-related genes that influence cancer development.
Nutrition of cancer patient
According to world statistics, nutrition is estimated to contribute to about one-third of preventable cancers, nearly the same amount as the contribution of smoking. It is defined as the processes by which living organisms' intake of food and drink is used by the body for fuel, growth, reproduction, and the overall maintenance of health. Thus, sufficient nutritional consumption is essential for well-being. Consequently, it is an important part of life, cancer treatment, recovery, and prevention; eating the necessary nutrients prior to, during, and after a cancer treatment would aid the patient in the recovery process. A healthy diet means a stable nourishment, and includes obtaining sufficient amounts of essential nutrients (vitamins, minerals, protein, carbohydrates, fat, and water) the body needs. Inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals might explain the epidemiological findings that people who eat only small amounts of fruits and vegetables have an increased risk of developing cancer.
Nutrition and diet in health: Principles and applications
Food provides us with essential nutrients involved in many physiological activities and biological processes in the body including growth and development, metabolism, immune function, and overall well-being. Nutrition and Diet in Health: Principles and Applications reviews and discusses the issues related to the roles of nutrition and diets in human health and diseases. The book contains two sections - one section features principles, the other, covers applications. Part One provides information on sustainable use of nutrition and diets in health and diseases; advanced biotechnological approaches to improve nutritional content of food; trace elements in nutrition; drug and nutrient interactions; functional foods and nutraceuticals in health maintenance; and Bio markers of functional foods and nutraceuticals in health maintenance. Part Two discusses the significance of nutrition in selected human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, infection, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic co-morbidities. It also discusses optimal nutrition for wellness, fitness, pregnancy, mental health, aging, and longevity.
Nuclear pre-mRNA Processing in Plants
In recent years nuclear pre-mRNA processing has taken center stage as an important regulator of gene expression and ultimately growth and development. Large-scale genome and cDNA sequencing projects together with bioinformatic analyses of these sequences have revealed that alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs contributes greatly to transcriptome and proteome complexity in eukaryotes. During the last few years, tremendous progress has been made in understanding various aspects of pre-mRNA processing including alternative splicing and its importance in plant growth and development as well as in plant responses to hormones and stresses. This book, with contributions from leading scientists in this area, summarizes recent advances in nuclear pre-mRNA processing in plants. It provides researchers in the field, as well as those in related areas, with an up-to-date and comprehensive, yet concise, overview of the current status and future potential of this research in understanding plant biology.
Nuclear Medicine Technology : Review Questions for the Board Examinations
Nuclear medicine technology has been a fascinating subject ever since the early rectilinear scanner produced images, and is becoming ever more interesting (and demanding) with the growth of positron emission tomography and other molecular imaging. Taking and passing the exam offered by the Nuclear Medicine Technology Certi? cation Board (NMTCB), or that offered by the American Registry of Radiologic Techno- gists (ARRT), is the ? nal step in reaching the status of Nuclear M edicine Technologist. These exams are both challenging and the breadth of knowledge that they cover mean that a th- ough review is in order before attempting either exam. This book was created to assist in preparation for those exams. In addition to recalling information, the questions require application of information, and analysis of situations.
Nonlinear Integer Programming
It is not an exaggeration that much of what people devote in their hfe re solves around optimization in one way or another. On one hand, many decision making problems in real applications naturally result in optimization problems in a form of integer programming. On the other hand, integer programming has been one of the great challenges for the optimization research community for many years, due to its computational difficulties: Exponential growth in its computational complexity with respect to the problem dimension. This book addresses the topic of the general nonlinear integer programming (NLIP). The overall goal of the book is to bring the state of the art of the theoretical foundations and solution methods of NLIP to readers who are interested in optimization, operations research and computer science. This book investigates the theory and solution methodologies for the general NLIP and provides the developments
Non-Linear Dynamics Near and Far from Equilibrium
This text gives a detailed account of various techniques that are used in the study of dynamics of continuous systems, near as well as far from equilibrium. The analytic methods covered include diagrammatic perturbation theory, various forms of the renormalization group and self-consistent mode coupling.
Noncommunicable diseases
Focuses on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory disease and their five shared main risk factors (tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and air pollution) as defined by the United Nations, this book provides a synopsis of one of the world’s biggest challenges of the 21st century. NCDs prematurely claim the lives of millions of people across the world every year, with untold suffering to hundreds of millions more, trapping many people in poverty and curtailing economic growth and sustainable development. While resources between and within countries largely differ, the key principles of surveillance, prevention and management apply to all countries, as does the need to focus resources on the most cost-effective and affordable interventions and the need for strong political will, sufficient resources, and sustained and broad partnerships. This compendium consists of 59 short and accessible chapters in six sections: (i) describing and measuring the burden and impact of NCDs / (ii) the burden, epidemiology and priority interventions for individual NCDs / (iii) social determinants and risk factors for NCDs and priority interventions / (iv) global policy / (v) cross-cutting issues / and (vi) stakeholder action.
Nodal Discontinuous Galerkin Methods : Algorithms, Analysis, and Applications
This book discusses a family of computational methods, known as discontinuous Galerkin methods, for solving partial differential equations. While these methods have been known since the early 1970s, they have experienced an almost explosive growth interest during the last ten to fifteen years, leading both to substantial theoretical developments and the application of these methods to a broad range of problems. These methods are different in nature from standard methods such as finite element or finite difference methods, often presenting a challenge in the transition from theoretical developments to actual implementations and applications.
Nitric Oxide in Plant Growth, Development and Stress Physiology
The first part of the book is devoted to the description of key features related to NO biochemistry, synthesis and metabolism and the modes of action involved. The second part covers the functionality of NO in three central nodes of the plant life cycle: growth, development and stress physiology.
New Vision 2050 : A Platinum Society
Presents the "New Vision 2050," which adds the concept of the “platinum society” to the “Vision 2050”.The 20th century was a century in which energy led the development of material civilization, resulting in deletion of resources, global warming and climate change. What form should sustainable material and energy take to protect the Earth? The "Vision 2050" was established 20 years ago as a model that we should pursue for the next half century. Fortunately, the world is on course for the Vision 2050.Since the author presented the concept of "Vision 2050" in 1999, the idea has been introduced in two books entitled Vision 2050: Roadmap for a Sustainable Earth (2008) and Beyond the Limits to Growth: New Ideas for Sustainability from Japan(2014). The latter includes a chapter that sheds light on the concept of a “platinum society”. In this publication, the author presents the "New Vision 2050" in more detail.
New Trends in Macroeconomics
This volume does exactly what its title says: it acquaints with 'New Trends in Macroeconomics'. More specifically, it contains eleven chapters covering different aspects of modern macroeconomics: short-run fluctuations, long-run growth, monetary economics, international finance, macroeconometrics and complex dynamics. All chapters break new grounds in their area while at the same time remain very accessible. The book contains also an excellent mixture of new techniques, interesting applications and methodological arguments. A valuable reference for both practitioners and researchers, it will also be of great help to gradutate students seeking to bring themselves to the frontier of one of the most fascinating fields of economics
New Tools of Economic Dynamics
New Tools of Economic Dynamics gives an introduction and overview of recently developed methods and tools, most of them developed outside economics, to deal with the qualitative analysis of economic dynamics. It reports the results of a three-year research project by a European and Latin American network on the intersection of economics with mathematical, statistical, and computational methods and techniques. Focusing upon the evolution and manifold structure of complex dynamic phenomena, the book reviews and shows applications of a variety of tools, such as symbolic and coded dynamics, interacting agents models, microsimulation in econometrics, large-scale system analysis, and dynamical systems theory. It shows the potential of a comprehensive analysis of growth, fluctuations, and structural change along the lines indicated by pioneers like Harrod, Haavelmo, Hicks, Goodwin, Morishima, and it highlights the explanatory power of the qualitative approach they initiated.
New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence ; JSAI 2007 Conference and Workshops, Miyazaki, Japan, June 18-22, 2007, Revised Selected Papers
The technology of artifcial intelligence is increasing its importance thanks to the rapid growth of the Internet and computer technology. In Japan, the annual conference series of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Arti?cial Intelligence) has been playing a leading role in promoting AI research, and selected papers of the annual conferences have been published in the LNAI series since 2003. This book consists of award papers from the 21st annual conference of JSAI (JSAI 2007) and selected papers from the four co-located workshops.
Network-Aware Security for Group Communications
Network-Aware Security for Group Communications fills a growing need in the research community for a reference that describes the state-of-the-art in securing group communications in emerging networks and for future applications. The growth of multi-user services makes it essential that a complementary suite of security solutions are deployed in order to protect these services from a broad spectrum of security threats that are unique to group communications. This book is focused on tailoring security solutions to the underlying network architecture (such as the wireless cellular network, or ad hoc and sensor networks), or to targeted applications using methods tailored for that application (such as multimedia multicasts).
Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture : Impacts and Mitigation
Agricultural production is highly dependent on weather, climate and water availability and is adversely affected by the weather and climate-related disasters. Droughts and natural disasters such as floods can result in crop failures, food insecurity, famine, loss of property and life, mass migration and negative national economic growth. It may not be possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural disasters, but the resultant disastrous effects can be reduced considerably through proper planning and effective preparation. Vulnerability associated with the hazards of natural disasters can be controlled to some extent by accurate and timely prediction and by taking counter-measures to reduce their impacts on agriculture. This book based on an expert meeting held in Beijing, China should be of interest to all organizations involved in disasters reduction and mitigation of extreme events.
Nanotechnologies, Hazards and Resource Efficiency : A Three-Tiered Approach to Assessing the Implications of Nanotechnology and Influencing its Development
Nanotechnology is frequently described as an enabling technology and 1 fundamental innovation, i.e. it is expected to lead to numerous innovative developments in the most diverse fields of technology and areas of app- cation in society and the marketplace. The technology, it is believed, has the potential for far-reaching changes that will eventually affect all areas of life. Such changes will doubtlessly have strong repercussions for society and the environment and bring with them not only the desired and intended effects such as innovations in the form of improvements to products, pr- esses and materials; economic growth; new jobs for skilled workers; relief for the environment; and further steps toward sustainable business, but also unexpected and undesirable side effects and consequences.
