الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
On Bypass : Advanced Perfusion Techniques
With the introduction of cardiac surgery more than five decades ago and the use of the heart-lung machine for open heart surgical procedures granting the surgeon unlimited time in which to operate inside the heart, a complex task has been given to the Perfusionist. With a pairing of a perfusionist and a surgeon for each chapter, On Bypass: Advanced Perfusion Techniques is an essential collection of techniques and protocols to aid in the difficult and immediate decision making in the operating room. Among the topics covered in this comprehensive text are pediatric perfusion techniques for complex congenital, separation from cardiopumonary bypass, blood flow during cardiopumonary bypass, and minimally invasive perfusion techniques. Also covered is ultrafiltration in cardiac surgery, echocardiography and cardiopulmonary bypass, and advances in long-term pulmonary support.
Nephrology Worldwide
This book presents contributions from leading international experts in the field of nephrology. Each chapter is independent and discusses nephrology in the author’s country, including the history of nephrology development, kidney disease epidemiology, clinical nephrology, dialysis practice in acute and chronic renal failure settings (hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, peritoneal dialysis), pediatric nephrology, and kidney transplantation. In addition, the book covers topics such as the job market for nephrologists, reimbursement, nephrology education, and the number of professionals in the private and public sectors.
In Memoriam Paul-André Meyer - Séminaire de Probabilités XXXIX
The 39th volume of Séminaire de Probabilités is a tribute to the memory of Paul André Meyer. His life and achievements are recalled in this book, and tributes are paid by his friends and colleagues. This volume also contains mathematical contributions to classical and quantum stochastic calculus, the theory of processes, martingales and their applications to mathematical finance and Brownian motion. These contributions provide an overview on the current trends of stochastic calculus.
Immunogenetics of Autoimmune Disease
Utoimmunity is the downstream outcome of a rather extensive and coordinated series of events that include loss of self-tolerance, peripheral lymphocyte Aactivation, disruption of the blood-systems barriers, cellular infiltration into the target organs and local inflammation. Cytokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors, antibodies, and other molecules induce and regulate critical cell functions that perpetuate inflammation, leading to tissue injury and clinical phenotype. The nature and intensity of this response as well as the physiological ability to restore homeostasis are to a large extent conditioned by the unique amino acid sequences that define allelic variants on each of the numerous participating mol ecules. Therefore, the coding genes in their germline configuration play a primary role in determining who is at risk for developing such disorders, how the disease progresses, and how someone responds to therapy. Although genetic components in these diseases are clearly present, the lack of obvious and homogeneous modes of transmission has slowed progress by prevent ing the full exploitation of classical genetic epidemiologic techniques. Furthermore, autoimmune diseases are characterized by modest disease risk heritability and m- tifaceted interactions with environmental influences. Yet, several recent discoveries have dramatically changed our ability to examine genetic variation as it relates to human disease. In addition to the development of large-scale laboratory methods and tools to efficiently recognize and catalog DNA diversity, over the past few years there has been real progress in the application of new analytical and data-manage ment approaches
Homogenization of Partial Differential Equations
Homogenization is a method for modeling processes in microinhomogeneous media, which are encountered in radiophysics, filtration theory, rheology, elasticity theory, and other domains of mechanics, physics, and technology. These processes are described by PDEs with rapidly oscillating coefficients or boundary value problems in domains with complex microstructure. From the technical point of view, given the complexity of these processes, the best techniques to solve a wide variety of problems involve constructing appropriate macroscopic (homogenized) models. The present monograph is a comprehensive study of homogenized problems, based on the asymptotic analysis of boundary value problems as the characteristic scales of the microstructure decrease to zero. The work focuses on the construction of nonstandard models: non-local models, multicomponent models, and models with memory.
Highway and Urban Environment ; Proceedings of the 8th Highway and Urban Environment Symposium
This book about Proceedings of the 8th Highway and Urban Environment Symposium (8HUES) was held on 12–14 June 2006 in Nicosia, Cyprus. The initial aim was to measure and assess challenges in highway pollution. These challenges particularly - cluded urban photochemical smog, with an emphasis on ozone formation and particle release. The first symposium was titled “Highway Pollution” and had a clear aim to make a difference. The proceedings were published in an interdisciplinary journal.
Groundwater Recharge from Run-off, Infiltration and Percolation
This book first discusses the recharge fluxes relating both to the quantity and quality of groundwater. In order to face the threats to the water supply and to be able to maintain a sustainable water management policy, detailed knowledge is needed in between others on the surface to subsurface transformation link in the water cycle. Secondly, the presentation and comparison of both the traditional and modern approach to determine groundwater recharge is discussed. The traditional approach to determine groundwater recharge, is based on water balance estimates and hydraulic considerations, which yield instantaneous values at best but do not integrate the totality of recharge pathways in time and space. In contrast, environmental tracers do integrate these factors. Finally, the fate of groundwater recharge in the subsurface by hydraulic and geologic means is discussed in detail, in order to stimulate adapted groundwater management strategies and to better assess consequences of climate changes on groundwater resources as a whole.
Functional approach to nonlinear models of water flow in soils
The mathematical modelling required by these processes revealed from the beg- ning interesting and dificult mathematical problems, so that the attention was redirected to the theoretical mathematical aspects involved. Then, the qualitative results found were used for the explanation of certain behaviours of the physical processes which had made the object of the initial study and for giving answers to the real problems that arise in the soil science practice. In this way the work evidences a perfect topic for an applied mathematical research.
Fruit Manufacturing : Scientific Basis, Engineering Properties, and Deteriorative Reactions of Technological Importance
The fruit processing industry is a major global business. While basic principles of fruit processing have shown only minor changes over the last years, major improvements continually occur. More efficient equipment is capable of converting huge quantities of fruits into pulp, juice, dehydrated, frozen and refrigerated products, etc. that make possible the preservation of products for year-round consumption. Fruit processing and storage involve physical and chemical changes that negatively modify fruit quality. The industry’s ability to provide a nutritious and healthful fruit product to the consumer is highly dependent on the knowledge of the quality modifications that occur during the processing.
Evidence-Based Caries Prevention
Aims to define the etiological factors in dental caries and to guide the clinician towards methods of caries prevention that are evidence based. The coverage includes discussion of the active role of the biofilm and the oral environment and emphasizes the multifactorial etiology of dental caries.
Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal Waste : Removal Technologies
This book focuses on innovative treatment technologies for the elimination of emerging contaminants from wastewater and drinking water. The respective treatment processes, such as membrane bioreactors, photocatalysis, ozonation and advanced oxidation are dealt with in detail. The book also discusses sources and occurrence of emerging contaminants in municipal and industrial waste, giving a concise and critical overview of state-of-the-art analytical methods for their identification. Further important aspects covered by the book include the acute and chronic effects and overall impact of emerging contaminants on the environment.
Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal Waste : Occurrence, Analysis and Effects
This book focuses on innovative treatment technologies for the elimination of emerging contaminants from wastewater and drinking water. The respective treatment processes, such as membrane bioreactors, photocatalysis, ozonation and advanced oxidation are dealt with in detail. The book also discusses sources and occurrence of emerging contaminants in municipal and industrial waste, giving a concise and critical overview of state-of-the-art analytical methods for their identification. Further important aspects covered by the book include the acute and chronic effects and overall impact of emerging contaminants on the environment.
Dangerous Pollutants (Xenobiotics) in Urban Water Cycle
The book focused on evaluation of impact of xenobiotics in the whole Urban Water Cycle are an interdisciplinary task which has a rising concern these days. Xenobiotics includes both inorganic elements like heavy metals, metalloids and man-made organic compounds such as pesticides, surfactants, solvents, fragrances, flavours, and pharmaceuticals as well as endocrine dis- pters.
Combined and Hybrid Adsorbents : Fundamentals and Applications
Adsorption is a separation process playing a fundamental role in several industrial areas, being used in both purification and bulk separations. The adsorbent used is the main parameter controlling the effectiveness of the process. Emerging new separations and the improvement of existing ones constitute the driving force for the development of new adsorbents with improved adsorbing properties.
Cold Region Atmospheric and Hydrologic Studies. The Mackenzie GEWEX Experience: Vol.2: Hydrologic Processes
This book presents decade-long advances in atmospheric research in the Mackenzie River Basin in northern Canada, which encompasses environments representative of most cold areas on Earth. Collaborative efforts by a team of about 100 scientists and engineers have yielded knowledge entirely transferable to other high latitude regions in America, Europe and Asia. Emphases are placed on the investigation of processes (including storm genesis, precipitation, moisture and energy fluxes and frost), and the improvement and application of a suite of models and remote sensing to enhance the assessment of climate variability and water resources.
Machine learning for biomedical application
Biomedicine is a multidisciplinary branch of medical science that consists of many scientific disciplines, e.g., biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and genetics; moreover, it covers various medical specialties. In recent years, this field of science has developed rapidly. This means that a large amount of data has been generated, due to (among other reasons) the processing, analysis, and recognition of a wide range of biomedical signals and images obtained through increasingly advanced medical imaging devices. The analysis of these data requires the use of advanced IT methods, which include those related to the use of artificial intelligence, and in particular machine learning. It is a summary of the Special Issue “Machine Learning for Biomedical Application”, briefly outlining selected applications of machine learning in the processing, analysis, and recognition of biomedical data, mostly regarding biosignals and medical images.
Liquid separations with membranes : An introduction to barrier interference
On the level of a textbook a self-consistent approach to liquid separations with membranes is presented, contrasting equilibrium separations with the rate-controlling effects of barrier interference on mass transfer. As a corollary objective, an effort is made to observe context, factual and historical, when introducing concepts and applications of membrane separation science. Ordering principle is the formal structure of mass transfer across barriers, being construed of a driving force (allocated to the condition of the mixtures to be separated) and a barrier permeability (holding the keys to membrane selectivity). The membranes, by this approach, appear by way of the mass transport demands which they are to meet, or else by way of the separation effects which they inspire.
La lombalgie en 2007 : Aspects pratiques = Low back pain in 2007 : Practical aspects
Low back pain is one of the main reasons for consultation, whether in general or specialized medicine. It poses a real public health problem. This "back pain", which can despair patients and doctors by its sometimes rebellious character, explains the multiplicity of examinations sometimes practiced and the treatments implemented. This work is a collection of the most recent developments in terms of physiopathological knowledge of disc involvement, clinical examination and the place of surgery and in particular disc prostheses. An update concerns the indications and contributions of additional examinations; some formidable diagnostic traps are mentioned. Medical treatments such as infiltrations, manipulations, the benefit of restraints and the provision of acupuncture are being developed. Also discussed are the latest scientific data on isokinetic evaluation and retraining, as well as the role of sports activity as a factor in the prevention or aggravation of low back pain. Finally, the medico-legal aspect is dealt with in the context of work accidents, and the assessment after trauma. This book is the result of the collaboration and experience of undisputed specialists in this field.
Complexity Management in Fuzzy Systems : A Rule Base Compression Approach
This book presents a systematic study on the inherent complexity in fuzzy systems, resulting from the large number and the poor transparency of the fuzzy rules. The study uses a novel approach for complexity management, aimed at compressing the fuzzy rule base by removing the redundancy while preserving the solution. The compression is based on formal methods for presentation, manipulation, transformation and simplification of fuzzy rule bases, which are illustrated by algorithms as well as results from numerous examples and two case studies. The results are directly applicable or easily extendable to a wide class of fuzzy systems and detailed benchmarks for expanding these systems to new areas such as fuzzy networks and fuzzy multi-agent systems are introduced. The intended readers are people from both academia and industry, who would be interested in building and implementing advanced fuzzy systems.
Comparison of digital anesthesia using articaine vs. lidocaine for mandibular infiltration in pediatric patients : Aged 4-5 vs. 6-8 years
Articaine and lidocaine exhibit equivalent efficacy for mandibular infiltration via computerized systems in children aged 4–8 years. While articaine may marginally improve injection comfort, both agents provide reliable anesthesia with minimal complications. Computerized delivery enhances patient experience, supporting its adoption to reduce dental anxiety.This investigation aims to : determine whether articaine's theoretical advantages translate to clinically significant improvements in young children, identify optimal anesthetic protocols for different pediatric age groups, validate the effectiveness of digital delivery systems in pediatric mandibular anesthesia and provide robust data to replace current adult-derived guidelines with pediatric-specific evidence.
