الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Heat Shock Proteins and the Brain : Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuroprotection
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have been termed ‘protein misfolding disorders’ that are char- terized by the neural accumulation of protein aggregates. Manipulation of the cellular stress response involving the induction of heat shock proteins offers a the- peutic strategy to counter conformational changes in neural proteins that trigger pathogenic cascades resulting in neurodegenerative diseases. Heat shock proteins are protein repair agents that provide a line of defense against misfolded, aggregati- prone proteins. Heat Shock Proteins and the Brain: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuroprotection reviews current progress on neural heat shock proteins (HSP) in relation to neurodegenerative diseases (Part I), neuroprotection (Part II), ext- cellular HSP (Part III) and aging and control of life span (Part IV).
Guide to Biomolecular Simulations
Molecular dynamics simulations have become instrumental in replacing our view of proteins as relatively rigid structures with the realization that they were dynamic systems, whose internal motions play a functional role. Over the years, such simulations have become a central part of biophysics. Applications of molecular dynamics in biophysics range over many areas. They are used in the structure determination of macromolecules with x-ray and NMR data, the modelling of unknown structures from their sequence, the study of enzyme mechanisms, the estimation of ligand-binding free energies, the evaluation of the role of conformational change in protein function, and drug design for targets of known structures.
From globular proteins to amyloids
Proposes a model and mechanism for explaining protein misfolding. Concepts presented are based on a model originally intended to show how proteins attain their native conformations. This model is quantitative in nature and founded upon arguments derived from information theory. It facilitates prediction and simulation of the amyloid fibrillation process, also identifying the progressive changes that occur in native proteins that lead to the emergence of amyloid aggregations. Introduces basic rules for protein folding, along with the conditions that result in misfolding Presents research that lies in treating the aqueous environment as a continuum rather than a set of individual water molecules (i.e. the classic representation) Provides practical applications for helping the prevention of amyloidosis and improving drug design
Forces, Growth and Form in Soft Condensed Matter : At the Interface between Physics and Biology
This volume comprises the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Geilo, Norway, 24 March - 3 April 2003, the seventeenth ASI in a series held every two years since 1971. The objective of this ASI was to identify and discuss areas where synergism between modern physics, soft condensed matter and biology might be most fruitful. The main pedagogical approach was to have lecturers focussing on basic understanding of important aspects of the relative role of the various interaction- electrostatic, hydrophobic, steric, conformational, van der Waals etc. Soft condensed matter and the connection between physics and biology have been the themes of several earlier Geilo Schools. A return to these subjects thus allowed a fresh look and a possibility for defining new directions for research. Examples of soft materials, which were discussed at this ASI, included colloidal dispersions, gels, biopolymers and charged polymer solutions, polyelectrolytes, protein/membrane complexes, nucleic acids and their complexes. Indeed, most forms of condensed matter are soft and these substances are composed of aggregates and macromolecules, with interactions that are too weak and complex to form crystals spontaneously. A characteristic feature is that small external forces, slight perturbations in temperature, pressure or concentration, can all be enough to induce significant structural changes. Thermal fluctuations are almost by definition strong in soft materials and entropy is a predominant determinant of structure, so that disorder, slow dynamics and plastic deformation are the rule. Hence the phrase ‘soft condensed matter’ has been coined.
DNA Conformation and Transcription
the first book that compiles the fruits of the studies that have been performed to date to solve the riddle ‘written’ in DNA conformation ("conformation code"). This book provides a comprehensive overview of the field by covering history of the field, up-to-date topics, clarifications of present day research, and future perspective of what is still to be discovered. Thus, it serves as an invaluable source of information on the "conformation code".
Crystalline cellulose and derivatives : Characterization and structures
Constitutes a valuable, concise and up-to-date guide for the materials and life science community interested in cellulose and related materials. Reliable crystal structures of all cellulose polymorphs and cellulose derivatives determined are critically reviewed and discussed. Models are represented in graphs together with a collection of geometrical data as well as the atomic coordinates for further use. The background for fiber diffraction, computer-aided modeling and spectroscopic investigations is briefly introduced and also included are the necessary molecular data from oligosaccharides as a basis for structure evaluations. X-ray diffraction patterns and spectroscopic diagrams are presented as references to characterize cellulosic materials and to serve as fingerprint tools for the exploration of unknown specimens of cell walls and of industrially processed films and fibers as well as solid-state materials.
Conformation-Dependent Design of Sequences in Copolymers II
The book include : 1 V.O. Aseyev, H. Tenhu, F. Winnik: Temperature Dependence of the Colloidal Stability of Neutral Amphiphilic Polymers in Water.- 2 V.I. Lozinsky: Approaches to Chemical Synthesis of Protein-Like Copolymers.- 3 S.I. Kuchanov, A.R. Khokhlov: Role of Physical Factors in the Processes of Obtaining of Copolymers.- 4 A.Y. Grosberg, A.R. Khokhlov: After-Action of the Ideas of I.M. Lifshitz in Polymer and Biopolymer Physics.-
Conformation-Dependent Design of Sequences in Copolymers I
The book include : *Computer-aided conformation-dependent design of copolymer sequences *Folding and Formation of Mesoglobules in Dilute Copolymer Solutions *Water solutions of amphiphilic polymers : nanostructure formation and possibilities for catalysis Temperature Dependence of the Colloidal Stability of neutral amphiphilic polymers in water *Approaches to chemical synthesis of protein like copolymers *Role of physical factors in the process of obtaining copolymers *After-action of the ideas of I.M. Lifshitz in polymer and biopolymer physics
Computational drug discovery and design
Provides new and updated methods and techniques for identification of drug target, binding sites prediction, high- throughput virtual screening, lead discovery and optimization, conformational sampling, prediction of pharmacokinetic properties using computer-based methodologies. Chapters also focus on the application of the latest artificial intelligence technologies for computer aided drug discovery.
March's Advanced Organic Chemistry : Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure
The opening chapters of March's Advanced Organic Chemistry deal with the structure of organic compounds and discuss important organic chemistry bonds, fundamental principles of conformation, and stereochemistry of organic molecules, and reactive intermediates in organic chemistry. Further coverage concerns general principles of mechanism in organic chemistry, including acids and bases, photochemistry, sonochemistry and microwave irradiation. The relationship between structure and reactivity is also covered.
Chemistry from First Principles
This book examines the appearance of matter in its most primitive form, from the vacuum and the diversity that results from the fusion of elementary units in the genesis of atomic matter; considers the empirical rules of chemical affinity that regulate the synthesis and properties of molecular matter; analyzes the compatibility of the theories of chemistry with the quantum and relativity theories of physics; formulates a consistent theory, based on clear physical pictures and manageable mathematics, to account for chemical concepts such as the structure and stability of atoms and molecules, the periodicity of nuclides and elements, valence states, activation and chemical reactivity, electronegativity and general covalency, the exclusion principle, electronic energy, orbital angular momentum and spin in relation to molecular shape, torsional rigidity, chirality and molecular modeling; explains the self-similarity between space-time, nuclear structure, covalent assembly, biological growth, planetary systems and galactic conformation.
Bioactive Conformation I
This series presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research. It contains short and concise reports on chemistry, each written by the world renowned experts – it is still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years. More information as well as the electronic version of the whole content available at: springerlink.com. The book will appeal to scientists and practitioners in the mentioned fields and in industry.
Bioactive Confirmation II
Specific binding of a ligand to a receptor is a key step in a variety of biol- ical processes, such as immune reactions, enzyme cascades, or intracellular transport processes. The ligand-receptor terminology implies that the rec- tor molecule is signi?cantly larger than the ligand, and the term "bioactive conformation" usually characterizes the conformation of a ligand when it is bound to a receptor. In a more general sense, bioactive conformation applies toanymoleculeinabiologicallyrelevantboundstateregardlessofsizecons- erations. Mostofthecontributions tothisbookaddressligandsthat aremuch smaller than their receptors. X-ray crystallography and high resolution NMR spectroscopy are the two main experimental techniques used to study bioactive conformations. The- fore, the twovolumes ofthisbookcover approachesthat use either ofthetwo techniques, or a combination thereof.
Bacterial secretion systems : Methods and protocols
Cover techniques used to study secretion systems. Chapters focus on identifying and localizing the different subunits, defining interactions within subunits, monitoring conformational changes, purifying and imaging of large complexes, defining the assembly pathway by fluorescence microscopy and the role of energy during assembly and/or secretion, identifying secreted effectors as well as using reporters to follow effector transport. Written in the highly
Azaheterocycles Based on -, ß-Unsaturated Carbonyls
Devoted to heterocyclizations of aliphatic and aromatic, -unsaturated carbonyls with various binucleophiles leading to three-, five-, six and seven-membered partially hydrogenated nitrogen-containing heterocycles. During the last decade interest in these classes of organic c- pounds has been experiencing a scientific renaissance owing to their significant role in biological processes in living cells and diverse effects on physiological activities. In addition, such compounds are also more prevalent from the vi- point of ''classical'' problems of organic chemistry, among them reactivity, chemo- and regioselectivity, tautomerism, conformational analysis and features of their electronic structure. The character of these problems in the case of partially hydrogenated heterocycles differs sufficiently from that for hetero- omatized and perhydrogenated heterocyclic compounds and investigations in this field very often lead to interesting and unusual results. Extensively characterized cyclocondensations of, -unsaturated carbonyls, their synthetic equivalents and their precursors are the most widespread, facile and generally valid pathway to dihydroazaheterocycles.
