الصفحة 9
الصفحة 9
Plasticity in the Visual System : From Genes to Circuits
Plasticity is the basis for learning, memory formation and cognition, and the adaptability it affords is essential for normal day-to-day functioning. Many diseases of brain functioning can be described as, or affect, plasticity mechanisms. The goal of Plasticity in the Visual System: From Genes to Circuits is to assemble and integrate the various levels of analysis required to approach a more complete picture of plasticity in the visual system. Researchers with backgrounds varying from systems neuroscience to molecular biology present a coherent picture of visual system plasticity, in which an array of genetic and molecular processes becomes linked with changes in neuronal connectivity, physiological changes, and ultimately, learning behavior. Because of its interdisciplinary view on plasticity, this book will appeal to the wide neuroscience community.
Plasticity and Signal Representation in the Auditory System
This volume summarizes the state of development of auditory system neuroscience. This field is in an era of remarkable progress, particularly in the field of plasticity of the auditory system. New advances in understanding auditory system plasticity, based substantially on a large and growing body of results from animal experiments, are related to innumerable new insights into the physiology and pathology of speech and music perception and production generated by behavioral studies, and from the application of modern brain imaging techniques. We are living in an especially exciting period of research, marked by an almost astounding rate of advance in the development of our understanding of the hearing brain.
Pitch : Neural Coding and Perception
Although pitch has been considered an important area of auditory research since the birth of modern acoustics in the 19th century, some of the most significant developments in our understanding of this phenomenon have occurred comparatively recently. In auditory physiology, researchers are now identifying cells in the brainstem and cortex that may be involved in the derivation of pitch. In auditory psychophysics, dramatic developments over the last several years have changed our understanding of temporal pitch mechanisms, and of the roles of resolved and unresolved harmonics. Computational modeling has provided new insights into the biological algorithms that may underlie pitch perception. Modern brain imaging techniques have suggested possible cortical locations for pitch mechanisms. This timely volume presents recent findings, while emphasizing their relation to the discoveries of the past. It brings together insights from several different methodological areas: physiology, psychophysics, comparative, imaging, etc., in addressing a single scientific problem. Pitch perception can be regarded as one of the main problems of hearing.
Physics of Spin in Solids : Materials, Methods and Applications
Most recent publications on spin-related phenomena focus on technological aspects of spin-dependent transport, with emphasis on the specific needs of spintronics. The present publication targets rather fundamental problems related to the physics of spin in solids, such as: (1) manifestation of spin and orbital polarization in spectroscopy, including valence and X-ray photoemission, magneto-optics, low-energy electron scattering on the surface; (2) application of new methods for interpretation and determination of magnetic low-lying excitations in the bulk and on the surface; (3) recent progress in evaluation of different type of magnetic forces including spin-orbit and exchange interaction, with subsequent determination of anisotropy and spin-ordering structure; (4) general problems of spin-dependent transport in semiconductors and metals, such as current-caused torque effect on spins at interfaces and spin injection in quantum dot systems; (5) problems in understanding the spin-dependent trends in unconventional superconductors; (6) many-body problems in solid state physics and recent progress in evaluation of self-energy effects; (7) fabrication of new magnetic materials with pre-programmed properties based on assembly from nano-particles, etc.
Physical Acoustics in the Solid State
Suitable for researchers and graduate students in physics and material science, "Physical Acoustics in the Solid State" reviews the modern aspects in the field, including many experimental results, especially those involving ultrasonics. Practically all fields of solid-state physics are covered: metals, semiconductors, magnetism, superconductivity, different kinds of phase transitions, low-dimensional systems, and the quantum Hall effect. After a review of the relevant experimental techniques and an introduction to the theory of elasticity, emphasizing the symmetry aspects, applications in the various fields of condensed matter physics are presented. Also treated are Brillouin-scattering results and results from thermodynamic investigations, such as thermal expansion and specific heat.
Photography - Arts for health
This book explores the myriad ways in which photographs can be used: to document events, places or things; to consolidate personal identity; to pose a challenge to an idea or regime; to animate the inanimate (in other words, to breathe life into objects); to capture the fleeting and transitory; to create stories; to reveal what may be taken for granted, including seeing social practices; to enhance our perception and allow us to notice previously unnoticed details; to consolidate relationships; to represent the overlooked or marginalised; to commemorate; to authenticate; to tantalise.
Pharmacovigilance in the European Union : Practical Implementation across Member States
Presents the results of an in-depth comparative study assessing the implementation of the EU Pharmacovigilance Directive in six EU Member States. By going beyond legal transposition and instead focusing on practical implementation, this study aims to close a gap in EU compliance research. Based on qualitative interviews with relevant actors in Germany, Poland, Portugal, France, Finland and the UK, the authors identify perceived challenges and best-practices, issue recommendations, and thereby contribute to a better understanding of the factors that incentivize or impede the practical implementation of EU law at the national level.
Phantasy, Image Consciousness, and Memory (1898-1925)
This first part of the introduction draws attention to some of thekey features, relations, and distinctions Husserl uncovers in his in-vestigations of presentation and the various forms of re-presentation,focusing particularly on how their respective objects appear. The sec-ond part considers Husserl’s evolving understanding of how acts ofre-presentation are “constituted,” that is, how, thanks to their structure,they are able to “intend” or be conscious of their objects , Although Husserl is chiefly concerned with intuitivere-presentation in this volume, perception is never far from the centerof discussion. This is not surprising, given that Husserl describes per-ception as “presentation,” and memory, phantasy, and their kindred
Phänomenologie der schwachen phantasie : Untersuchungen der psychologie, cognitive science, neurologie und phänomenologie zur funktion der phantasie in der wahrnehmung = Phenomenology of the weak imagination Studies in psychology, cognitive science, neurology and phenomenology on the function of the imagination in perception
This book combines genetic-phenomenological analyzes with studies of empirical psychology, neurology and cognitive research on primates. The first part describes the function of weak phantasms in perception and shows phenomenologically their transcendental performance for perception. Phantasm show up in all layers of the constitution and all sensory fields. This is also shown by the results of empirical psychology, e.g. on hallucinations in normal people, on the inner voice, on filling-in and on Charles-Bonnet syndrome.
Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty
This new edition of the well-regarded original has been thoroughly revised by Drs. John M. Mathis, Hervé Deramond, and Stephen M. Belkoff to reflect recent advances in percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Obsolete sections have been judiciously replaced with cutting-edge material, such as an in-depth look at the latest bone cements and devices. Chapters outline spine anatomy, medical management, and patient selection. The addition of practical and challenging case studies furthers the focus of the previous edition by bridging the gap between theory and practice for spine interventionalists, radiologists, neuroradiologists, orthopedic surgeons, and neurosurgeons. The text is enhanced by a wealth of illustrations.
Percutaneous Tumor Ablation in Medical Radiology
Thermal ablation has become an integral part of oncology, especially in the field of interventional oncology. This very comprehensive book encompasses the different technologies employed in thermal ablation, its indications and the results achieved in various clinical conditions. The first part of the book clearly explains the basics of thermal ablative techniques such as laser-induced thermotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryotherapy, and localized tumor therapy. The latest developments in the application of minimally invasive therapies in localized neoplastic disease are demonstrated. In the main part of the book, techniques of guiding the applicators to the target structures by use of different imaging tools such as ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are discussed.
Percutaneous Collagen Induction With Microneedling : A Step-by-Step Clinical Guide
Percutaneous Collagen Induction with Microneedling is a minimally invasive technique widely used to treat numerous dermatologic conditions such as facial and body scars, melasma, wrinkles, skin laxity, stretch marks, alopecies, vitiligo and scleroderma. Microneedling can also be used to optimize transdermal drug delivery for many substances. This technique uses modern microneedling devices containing multiple fine needles, typically 0.5 to 2.5 mm in length, which are mounted on a barrel and rolled onto the skin to create numerous perforations into the stratum corneum and the papillary dermis. These micro-wounds initiate the release of growth factors, triggering collagen and elastin formation, which results in dermal remodeling and skin resurfacing. This book provides a step-by-step approach to microneedling, based on the authors’ more than ten years of experience with the technique.
Percutaneous absorption : Drugs, cosmetics, mechanisms, methods
Supplies topics on: cutaneous metabolism, skin contamination, exposure to protein allergens, in vitro absorption methodology and the percutaneous absorption of chemical mixtures. Complete with studies on the role of the skin as a key portal of entry for chemicals into the body, this book serves as a detailed reference source for recent advances in the field, as well as an experimental guide for laboratory personnel. Key Features: Details in vivo and in vitro methods for measuring absorption, dermal decontamination, mechanisms of transdermal delivery, and the relationship of transepidermal water loss to percutaneous absorption Considers a range of mathematical models, the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients, the absorption of hair dyes, nanoparticles for drug delivery, and other novel methods of drug delivery Discusses topics including skin metabolism, the skin reservoir, and the effects of desquamation on absorption
Percolation Theory for Flow in Porous Media
Presents, for the first time, a unified and comprehensive introduction to some of the basic transport properties of porous media, such as electrical and hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and diffusion. The treatment is based on critical path analysis and the scaling of transport properties which are individually described as functions of saturation. At the same time, the book supplies a tutorial on percolation theory for hydrologists, providing them with the tools for solving actual problems. In turn, a separate chapter serves to introduce physicists to some of the language and complications of groundwater hydrology necessary for succesful modelling.
Perchlorate : Environmental Occurrence, Interactions and Treatment
Provides a detailed description of the perchlorate chemistry and recent advances in innovative remediation technologies for perchlorate contamination and their pros and cons. Additionally, it will be the first book to describe the natural occurrence of perchlorate and its unique isotopic signatures for environmental forensics and its detection in the environment, particularly the real-time analysis using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
Perceptions of the Independence of Judges in Europe : Congruence of Society and Judiciary
This book is about the perception of the independence of the judiciary in Europe. Do citizens and judges see its independence in the same way? Do judges feel that their independence is respected by the users of the courts, by the leadership of the courts and by politicians? Does the population trust the judiciary more than other public institutions, or less? How does independence of the judiciary work at the national level and at the level of the European Union? These interrelated questions are particularly relevant in times when the independence of the judiciary is under political pressure in several countries in the European Union, giving way to illiberal democracy
Perception-based data processing in acoustics : Applications to music information retrieval and psychophysiology of hearing
The objective of the monograph is to provide novel insights into cognitive mechanisms underlying processing of sound and music in different environments. A solid understanding of these mechanisms is vital for numerous technological applications.
Perception-based Data Mining and Decision Making in Economics and Finance
Presents to the scientific and management communities a selection of applications using recent Soft Computing (SC) and Computing with Words and Perceptions (CWP) models and techniques meant to solve some economics and financial problems that are of utmost importance. The book starts with a coverage of data mining tools and techniques that may be of use and significance for economic and financial analyses and applications. Notably, fuzzy and natural language based approaches and solutions for a more human consistent dealing with decision support, time series analysis, forecasting, clustering, etc. are discussed. The second part deals with various decision making models, particularly under probabilistic and fuzzy uncertainty, and their applications in solving a wide array of problems including portfolio optimization, option pricing, financial engineering, risk analysis etc. The selected examples could also serve as a starting point or as an opening out, in the SC and CWP techniques application to a wider range of problems in economics and finance.
Perception in Multimodal Dialogue Systems ; 4th IEEE Tutorial and Research Workshop on Perception and Interactive Technologies for Speech-Based Systems, PIT 2008, Kloster Irsee, Germany, June 16-18, 2008. Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th IEEE Tutorial and Research Workshop on Perception and Interactive Technologies for Speech-Based Systems, PIT 2008, held in Kloster Irsee, Germany, in June 2008.The 37 revised full papers presented together with 1 invited keynote lecture were carefully selected from numerous submissions for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on multimodal and spoken dialogue systems, classification of dialogue acts and sound, recognition of eye gaze, head poses, mimics and speech .
Perception and Interactive Technologies; International Tutorial and Research Workshop, Kloster Irsee, PIT 2006, Germany, June 19-21, 2006
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Tutorial and Research Workshop on Perception and Interactive Technologies, PIT 2006, held at Kloster Irsee, Germany in June 2006. The 16 revised full papers presented together with 4 revised poster papers and 6 system demonstration papers were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on head pose and eye gaze tracking, modeling and simulation of perception, integrating information from multiple channels, visual and auditory display driven by perceptive principles, spoken dialogue systems, multimodal and situated dialogue systems, and integration of perceptive technologies and animation.
