الصفحة 7
الصفحة 7
Introducing Molecular Electronics
This volume presents a summary of our current understanding of molecular electronics combined with selected state-of-the-art results at a level accessible to the advanced undergraduate or novice postgraduate. This single book comprises the basic knowledge of both theory and experiment underpinning this rapidly growing field. Concepts and techniques such as density functional theory and charge transport, break junctions and scanning probe microscopy are introduced step-by-step and are subsequently used in specific examples. The text addresses a wide range of systems including molecular junctions made of single-molecules, self-assembled monolayers, carbon nanotubes and DNA.
Intraspecific Genetic Diversity : Monitoring, Conservation, and Management
Population and evolutionary genetics have been quickly developing ?elds of biological research over the past decades. This book compiles our current understanding of genetic processes in natural populations. In addition, the book provides the author’s original ideas and concepts based on the data obtained by himself and his close coworkers. The author introduces his pioneering concept of population genetic stability,and much of thebook is concerned with the factors and conditions of such stability. Why does genetic stability matter so much? Altukhov argues that the sustainable use of natural resources, including genetic resources of popu- tions, critically depends on the maintenance of their stability. The preser- tion of well-adapted genetic characteristics from one generation to the next is essential for this stability. Traditionally, population genetics has been - cusedonevolution andthe role of evolutionary factorsinshapinggenetic structures of populations. While the idea of a population as a dynamic unit of evolution has been widely accepted, the signi?cance of genetic stability and its implications for the long-term survival of populations and species have not been fully appreciated.
Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) has proven itself a versatile technique that reduces the risks of acquiring intraoperative neurological deficits, shortens operating time, and lowers the costs of medical care and rehabilitation. It can also reduce the risks of medical malpractice suits and serve as a research tool to better understand nervous system disorders and promote improved treatments.
Internationalization and Economic Policy Reforms in Transition Countries
The project is devoted to analyzing the internationalization of the Russian economy and the associated changes in major policy fields. This book contains the revised analytical papers from the St. Petersburg conference in 2003 when the city celebrated its 300 year anniversary. We are very grateful to the Leontief Center for excellent organization of the conference.
Internationalisation of European ICT Activities : Dynamics of Information and Communications Technology
The internationalisation of information and communication technologies has accelerated since the 1990s in Europe and worldwide. Taking a close look at the empirical analysis of competitive trade positions, trends in foreign direct investment and the internationalisation of research and development in ICT brings many new insights about the expansion, innovation and adjustment in the EU’s most dynamic sector. Moreover, the analysis discusses case studies on key players in ICT and suggests major policy conclusions for a field considered fundamental in the context of the EU’s Lisbon Agenda. The theoretical and empirical analysis gives a new and differentiated picture of European ICT where the links between telecommunications dynamics, software innovation and digital services are crucial. Outsourcing, insourcing and offshoring are natural elements of a new digital international division of labour which require reforms in both the EU member countries and at the supranational level.
International Trade and Multinational Activity : Heterogeneity of Firms, Incentives for Foreign Direct Investment, and International Business Cycle Dynamics
During the last 25 year, the neoclassical Heckscher-Ohlin trade theory has been extended to the ‘new’ trade theory by including imperfect competition and fixed costs into the analysis of trade relations. Furthermore, these micro-oriented trade models are increasingly used to analyze macro-oriented questions. Chapter 2 of this study investigates the dynamic welfare effects of exposure to trade in a new trade model, which is extended by firm heterogeneity.
International leadership : Effecting success across borders in a boundaryless world
From both an academic’s and a practitioner’s perspective, the book focuses on international leaders and their potential to be or become enablers of international success, for and within their respective organizations. The contributions are assigned to three sections, corresponding to the three core challenges of international leadership: Leading international organizations, leading international teams, and (self)leadership with intercultural excellence. An additional section is dedicated to case studies, exhibiting these challenges in practice.
International Impacts on Social Policy : Short Histories in Global Perspective
This book consists of 39 short essays that exemplify how interactions between inter- and trans-national interdependencies and domestic factors have shaped the dynamics of social policy in various parts of the world at different points in time. Each chapter highlights a specific type of interdependence which has been identified to provide us with a nuanced understanding of specific social policy developments at discrete points in history. The volume is divided into four parts that are concerned with a particular type of cross-border interrelation. The four parts examine the impact on social policy of trade relations and economic crises, violence, international organisations and cross-border communication and migration.
International Finance in Emerging Markets : Issues, Welfare Economics Analyses and Policy Implications
The book "International Finance in Emerging Markets" reviews contemporary issues in international monetary and financial economics in an emerging financial market using the example of Thailand. The book adopts the elements of new welfare economics and asymmetric information paradigms in analyzing those issues including financial liberalization, crisis, exchange rate determination, and domestic capital market reform. The book suggests for the first time a normative social approach for addressing the contemporary issues in international monetary and financial economics. It provides an example of cutting edge research in international finance and monetary economics within a welfare economics framework. It also suggests some policy implications of the welfare economic analysis of international financial issues in an emerging market.
International conference on terrain and geohazard challenges facing onshore oil and gas pipelines : Evaluation, routing, resign, construction, operation ; Proceedings of a three day international conference on terrain and geohazard challenges facing onshore oil and gas pipelines, organised by the Institution of Civil Engineers in association with BP Exploration and held at the Institution of Civil Engineers, London, UK, on 2 – 4 June 2004
To access global oil and gas deposits, major pipelines must traverse remote regions with extreme terrains. There are a significant number of pipeline projects, active or planned, in tropical jungles, mountains and deserts, in permafrost and in areas of wetland. Each of these natural environments is associated with a range of geohazards, which may include landslides, soil erosion, karst, river migration, and seismic or volcanic activity. At the same time, society demands increasing availability and reliability of supply, together with improved environmental standards, all making for substantial challenges.
International Competitiveness in Africa : Policy Implications in the Sub-Saharan Region
The effects of international trade and foreign direct investment on developing economies have always been controversial. With the unstoppable spread of globalization and the supremacy of "open" policies over "closed" ones, the debate between "participating" and "not participating" in the world economy has been superseded by discussions on the best policy measures for expanding participation and enhancing the accrued welfare gains. Policies to strengthen international competitiveness are almost unanimously considered important means towards those ends. This book examines two policies frequently used to enhance international competitiveness in Sub-Saharan African economies: exchange rate policy and productivity-related policy.
Interior Point Methods for Linear Optimization
Linear Optimization (LO) is one of the most widely applied and taught techniques in mathematics, with applications in many areas of science, commerce and industry. The dramatically increased interest in the subject is due mainly to advances in computer technology and the development of Interior Point Methods (IPMs) for LO. This book provides a unified presentation of the field. The authors present a self-contained comprehensive interior point approach to both the theory of LO and algorithms for LO (design, convergence, complexity, asymptotic behaviour and computational issues). A common thread throughout the book is the role of strictly complementary solutions, which play a crucial role in the interior point approach and distinguishes the new approach from the classical Simplex-based approach
Interest Rate Models : an Infinite Dimensional Stochastic Analysis Perspective
Interest Rate Models: an Infinite Dimensional Stochastic Analysis Perspective studies the mathematical issues that arise in modeling the interest rate term structure. These issues are approached by casting the interest rate models as stochastic evolution equations in infinite dimensions. The book is comprised of three parts. Part I is a crash course on interest rates, including a statistical analysis of the data and an introduction to some popular interest rate models. Part II is a self-contained introduction to infinite dimensional stochastic analysis, including SDE in Hilbert spaces and Malliavin calculus. Part III presents some recent results in interest rate theory, including finite dimensional realizations of HJM models, generalized bond portfolios, and the ergodicity of HJM models.
Interdisciplinary public health reasoning and epidemic modelling : The case of black death
This is a book about interdisciplinary public health reasoning and epidemic m- th elling, in general, and the study of the infamous 14 century AD Black Death d- aster, in particular. We focus on the intellectual context in which epidemic mod- ling takes place, in a way that accounts for the present-day interdisciplinary and multicultural trends in scientific inquiry. Like most scientific fields, public health research defines itself based on knowledge, which raises serious epistemic and cognitive issues.
Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Person-Centered Healthcare
This book establishes a dialog among the medical and intelligent system domains for igniting transition toward a sustainable and cost-effective healthcare. The Person-Centered Care (PCC) positions a person in the center of a healthcare system, instead of defining a patient as a set of diagnoses and treatment episodes. The book discusses intelligent systems and their applications for healthcare data analysis, decision making and process design tasks. The measurement systems and efficiency evaluation models analyze ability of intelligent healthcare system to monitor person health and improving quality of life.
Intelligent interactive multimedia systems for e-Healthcare applications
includes high-quality research on various aspects of intelligent interactive multimedia technologies in healthcare services. The topics covered in the book focus on state-of-the-art approaches, methodologies, and systems in the design, development, deployment, and innovative use of multimedia systems, tools, and technologies in healthcare. The volume provides insights into smart healthcare service demands. It presents all information about multimedia uses in e-healthcare applications. The book also includes case studies and self-assessment problems for readers and future researchers. This book proves to be a valuable resource to know how AI can be an alternative tool for automated and intelligent analytics for e-healthcare applications.
Integration in Asia and Europe : Historical Dynamics, Political Issues, and Economic Perspectives
This book critically analyses the economic and institutional changes in both Europe and Asia. There is considerable potential for instability, but one also finds regional growth opportunities. Comparative policy analysis and evaluation of various cooperation strategies are presented. Emphasis is on banking, financial market dynamics, ICT, and macroeconomic policies as well as trade, energy, and environmental issues.
Integrated Groundwater Management : Concepts, Approaches and Challenges
The aim of this book is to document for the first time the dimensions and requirements of effective integrated groundwater management (IGM). Groundwater management is a formidable challenge, one that remains one of humanity’s foremost priorities. It has become a largely non-renewable resource that is overexploited in many parts of the world. In the 21st century, the issue moves from how to simply obtain the water we need to how we manage it sustainably for future generations, future economies, and future ecosystems. The focus then becomes one of understanding the drivers and current state of the groundwater resource, and restoring equilibrium to at-risk aquifers. Many interrelated dimensions, however, come to bear when trying to manage groundwater effectively. An integrated approach to groundwater necessarily involves many factors beyond the aquifer itself, such as surface water, water use, water quality, and ecohydrology.
Integral Methods in Science and Engineering : Theoretical and Practical Aspects
The quantitative and qualitative study of the physical world makes use of many mathematical models governed by a great diversity of ordinary, partial differential, integral, and integro-differential equations. An essential step in such investigations is the solution of these types of equations, which sometimes can be performed analytically, while at other times only numerically. This edited, self-contained volume presents a series of state-of-the-art analytic and numerical methods of solution constructed for important problems arising in science and engineering, all based on the powerful operation of (exact or approximate) integration.It covers a wide variety of topics, from the theoretical development of boundary integral methods to the application of integration-based analytic and numerical techniques that include integral equations, finite and boundary elements, conservation laws, hybrid approaches, and other procedures.
Integral Methods in Science and Engineering : Techniques and Applications
The physical world is studied by means of mathematical models, which consist of differential, integral, and integro-differential equations accompanied by a large assortment of initial and boundary conditions. In certain circumstances, such models yield exact analytic solutions. When they do not, they are solved numerically by means of various approximation schemes. Whether analytic or numerical, these solutions share a common feature: they are constructed by means of the powerful tool of integration—the focus of this self-contained book. This work illustrates the application of integral methods to diverse problems in mathematics, physics, biology, and engineering. The thirty two chapters of the book, written by scientists with established credentials in their fields, contain state-of-the-art information on current research in a variety of important practical disciplines.
