الصفحة 5
الصفحة 5
Mathematical Models of Distribution Channels
In Chapters 1 and 2 the authors provide an introduction to the current, analytical literature on distribution channels, and they present an intuitively appealing prologue to the Channel Myths that are developed rigorously in later Chapters. In Chapters 3, 4, and 10 they extend the literature by ascertaining the relationship between the manufacturer-optimal wholesale-price strategy and channel breadth. Specific analyses include multiple, non-competing retailers, multiple states-of-nature, and multiple, competing retailers. In Chapters 5-7 the authors determine the profitability of various wholesale-price strategies; this analysis culminates in Chapters 8 and 9 with the determination of the (very limited) conditions under which channel coordination can be optimal for the manufacturer. In Chapter 11 they prove that existing methods of measuring the effect of a change in the degree of inter-retailer substitutability are totally misleading. They then develop an original, theoretical basis for measuring the impact of a change in the degree of inter-retailer substitutability that yields insightful, intuitively appealing results. In Chapter 12 the authors set forth an agenda for future research based on a meta-model that embraces all existing models in the literature. They also issue an appeal for creation of a "Unifying Theory of Distribution Channels" that will enable researchers to work independently and yet to contribute toward the common goal of deepening the marketing science professions’ understanding of distribution channels.
Irritant Dermatitis
Irritant dermatitis is a common condition, accounting for a significant proportion of occupational skin disease. The recent advent of non-invasive skin bioengineering technology has accelerated dermatology research in this field. This book comprises an exhaustive reference text on irritant contact dermatitis, covering all aspects of the condition.
Irritable Bowel syndrome I.B.S
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder with a range of symptoms that significantly affect quality of life for patients. Is currently one of the most common disorders of the digestive system in the Western society? Almost 2 out of 10 people suffer from IBS, and it is associated with abdominal pain, bloating and altered stool consistency and imposes a heavy burden for the affected patients. The difficulty of differential diagnosis and its treatment may significantly delay initiation of optimal therapy. Hence, persons with IBS often self-treat symptoms with non-prescribed pharmacological regimens and/or complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) and by modifying diet and daily activities.
Investigative Electrocardiography in Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials
It reviews the prevalence and incidence and emphasizes the prognostic implications of common ECG abnormalities in contrasting populations. It provides a comprehensive, penetrating and critical analysis of topics such as QT prolongation in clinical drug trials, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia/infarction and epidemiological consideration of relative risks associated with ECG abnormalities. As such it is an essential tool in epidemiological or clinical research using ECGs and in investigations of possible adverse responses of new pharmacological agents.
Intuition and the Axiomatic Method
All of Hilbert, Gödel, Poincaré, Weyl and Bohr thought that intuition was an indispensable element in describing the foundations of science. They had very different reasons for thinking this, and they had very different accounts of what they called intuition. But they had in common that their views of mathematics and physics were significantly influenced by their readings of Kant. In the present volume, various views of intuition and the axiomatic method are explored, beginning with Kant’s own approach. By way of these investigations, we hope to understand better the rationale behind Kant’s theory of intuition, as well as to grasp many facets of the relations between theories of intuition and the axiomatic method,
Introduction to the Tools of Scientific Computing
The book provides an introduction to common programming tools and methods in numerical mathematics and scientific computing. Unlike widely used standard approaches, it does not focus on any particular language but aims to explain the key underlying concepts. In general, new concepts are first introduced in the particularly user-friendly Python language and then transferred and expanded in various scientific programming environments from C / C ++, Julia and MATLAB to Maple. This includes different approaches to distributed computing.
Introduction to Programming with Fortran : with coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003 and 77
Introduction to Programming with Fortran contains: lots of clear and simple examples highlighting the key language features of the most recent versions of Fortran – Fortran 2003, 95 and 90. practical examples based on ISO TR 15580 and ISO TR 15581 which are widely supported and cover the ISO TR on Enhanced Modules – particularly important to large code suites common problems that occur when programming which are highlighted via clear examples and solutions Introduction to Programming with Fortran is an essential introduction for beginners as well as a concise reference for professionals. Overall the book gives a very effective hands-on coverage of Fortran, valuable to students and practitioners alike.
Introduction to Probability with Statistical Applications
This textbook is an introduction to probability and statistics for non-mathematics majors who do not need the exhaustive detail and mathematical depth provided in more comprehensive treatments of the subject. The presentation covers the mathematical laws of random phenomena, including discrete and continuous random variables, expectation and variance, and common probability distributions such as the binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. Main statistical concepts considered are point and interval estimates, hypothesis testing, power function, various statistical tests: z, t, chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov.
Introduction to Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
Enables students to gain fundamental knowledge of the vital concepts, techniques and applications of the chemical analysis of pharmaceutical ingredients, final pharmaceutical products and drug substances in biological fluids. A unique emphasis on pharmaceutical laboratory practices, such as sample preparation and separation techniques, provides an efficient and practical educational framework for undergraduate studies in areas such as pharmaceutical sciences, analytical chemistry and forensic analysis. Suitable for foundational courses, this essential undergraduate text introduces the common analytical methods used in quantitative and qualitative chemical analysis of pharmaceuticals.
Introducing competition into the piped water market : A theoretical analysis of common carriage and franchise bidding
Water scarcity is not exclusively a concern of the poor. Developed countries are increasingly facing problems related to higher per capita consumption and pollution so that enhancing the efficiency of the water supply ranks among the main global challenges of the future. The necessary improvements are not only a matter of technical progress but also of institutional design.
Introducing Blockchain with Java : Program, Implement, and Extend Blockchains with Java
Includes numerous exercises and test questions to help you solidify what you have learned as you progress through the book, and provides ideas on expanding the codebase to make it your own. You will have access to a fully-functioning repository with Java code. You will have the knowledge necessary to program your own blockchains with Java and you will have a completed project for your portfolio. You will: Know the most important theoretical concepts of the blockchain / Code the blockchain in Java / Create a user interface with JavaFX / Implement SQLite DB using JDBC Driver / Create a P2P multi-threaded app / Create your own cryptocurrency app with full functionality / Implement blockchain technology on a P2P network from scratch using Java, JavaFX, and SQL
Intraoperative complications in dental implants
Examines intraoperative complications associated with dental implant surgery, a critical and under-researched area in dental practice. The study focuses on identifying the most common intraoperative complications, their potential causes, and dental surgeons' strategies to manage these issues effectively. Through a comprehensive review of recent literature and a series of case studies, this research identifies specific risk factors and procedural challenges that lead to complications during the surgical phase of implant placement. Additionally, the thesis proposes a set of guidelines aimed at minimizing the occurrence of these complications.
Interventions for Persisting Ductus Arteriosus in the Preterm Infant
Over the past few years a remarkably rapid evolution in the professional level of neonatology and in the survival of immature infants has been witnessed. Persisting ductus arteriosus is common in this population and is associated with impaired longterm outcome. Many uncertainties exist concerning indication, approach, best time, and side effects of necessary measurements and interventions to avoid later neurodevelopmental handicaps of the survivors. Experts in neonatology and pediatric cardiology give their opinion in this book. We are sure it will help to define the level of evidence and to develop standards of intervention for persisting ductus arteriosus in Europe. Adequate dealing with the ductus will become a challenge for every perinatal center.
International Perspectives on teachers and lecturers in technical and vocational education
This book provides insight into the history and current status of teaching in technical and vocational education across a broad range of countries. It contains studies of the profiles of teachers and lecturers and their educational practices in: Germany, Brazil, Denmark, China, France, Japan, Norway, Turkey, the UK and the USA. All chapters follow a common structure making it easy for the reader to focus on specific aspects. An overarching introduction embeds the content of the book into the current global context of Technical and Vocational Education and Training.
International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice: Case Studies and Commentaries
This book offers essential information on values-based practice (VBP): the clinical skills involved, teamwork and person-centered care, links between values and evidence, and the importance of partnerships in shared decision-making. Different cultures have different values; for example, partnership in decision-making looks very different, from the highly individualized perspective of European and North American cultures to the collective and family-oriented perspectives common in South East Asia. In turn, African cultures offer yet another perspective, one that falls between these two extremes (called batho pele).
Interior Point Methods for Linear Optimization
Linear Optimization (LO) is one of the most widely applied and taught techniques in mathematics, with applications in many areas of science, commerce and industry. The dramatically increased interest in the subject is due mainly to advances in computer technology and the development of Interior Point Methods (IPMs) for LO. This book provides a unified presentation of the field. The authors present a self-contained comprehensive interior point approach to both the theory of LO and algorithms for LO (design, convergence, complexity, asymptotic behaviour and computational issues). A common thread throughout the book is the role of strictly complementary solutions, which play a crucial role in the interior point approach and distinguishes the new approach from the classical Simplex-based approach
Interfacial Transport Phenomena
This is an extensively revised second edition of Interfacial Transport Phenomena, a unique presentation of transport phenomena or continuum mechanics focused on momentum, energy, and mass transfer at interfaces. In addition to tightening the focus of the book there are two important additions: an extended discussion of transport phenomena at common lines or three-phase lines of contact, as well as a new theory for the extension of continuum mechanics to the nanoscale region immediately adjacent to the interface. Applications and supporting experimental data are provided and discussed in detail. This book is written for the advanced student of transport phenomena. The emphasis is upon achieving an in-depth understanding based upon first principles. It is designed to prepare the reader for active research. It includes exercises and answers, and can serve as a graduate level textbook.
Interface Oral Health Science 2007 ; Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium for Interface Oral Health Science, Held in Sendai, Japan, Between 18 and 19 February, 2007
Interface Oral Health Science is a major theme for next-generation dental research. That theme is based on the innovative concept that healthy oral function is provided by biological and biomechanical harmony among three systems: oral tissues including the teeth, mucosa, bones, and muscles (host); parasitic microorganisms of the oral cavity (parasites); and biomaterials. The concept posits that oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and tempo- mandibular disorders should be interpreted as interface diseases that result from disruption of the intact interfaces among these systems. The uniqueness of this concept rests on the fact that it not only encompasses the entire fi eld of dentistry and dental care, but also expands the common ground shared with many other fields, including medicine, pharmaceutical science, agriculture, material science, and engineering.
Interdisciplinary mathematics education : A state of the art
This book provides an essential introduction to the state-of the-art in interdisciplinary Mathematics Education. First, it begins with an outline of the field’s relevant historical, conceptual and theoretical backgrounds, what “discipline” means and how inter-, trans-, and meta-disciplinary activities can be understood. Relevant theoretical perspectives from Marx, Foucault and Vygotsky are explained, along with key ideas in theory, e.g. boundaries, discourses, identity, and the division of labour in practice. Second, the book reviews research findings of mainly empirical studies on interdisciplinary work involving mathematics in education, in all stages of education that have become disciplined. For example, it reports that a common theme in studies in middle and high schools is assessing the motivational benefits for the learner of subsuming disciplinary motives and even practices to extra-academic problem-solving activities; this is counter-balanced by the effort needed to overcome the disciplinary boundaries in academic institutions, and in professional identities. These disciplinary boundaries are less obviously limitations in middle and primary schools, and in some vocational courses. Third and finally, it explores selected case studies that illustrate these concepts and findings, both in terms of the motivational benefits for learners and the institutional and other boundaries involved.
Intelligent glasses store
Technology has been found to facilitate humankind's life. Hence, there is a new technique almost every day. One of the most common is E-commerce. This is the first project in Syria. about online glasses Shop, which displays sets of glasses on a website. The website allows the shopkeeper (the admin) to add their collections of glasses. Set prices and show reservations. Users can view glasses on the website and try whatever he wants by real-time or by recording video, then they add the preferred ones to the cart to reserve the sample they like the most for a specific time. This project aims to allow busy traders to make their own business online, in addition, it saves time and effort for them and users as they can make shopping and compare goods whatever the situation is especially in quarantine.
