الصفحة 5
الصفحة 5
Memory B-cells : Methods and protocols
Details in methods to assess memory B cell formation and function in mice and humans. Chapters guide readers through tetramer-based methods to assess antigen-specific memory B cell dynamics in humans and mice in different vaccine, next-generation deep-sequencing, single-cell techniques to assess epigenomic, VDJ landscapes, lymph node aspirates from humans, advanced imaging, murine models to determine memory B cells formation, and bioinformatic techniques and in silico modelling of memory b cell formation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Membrane Computing; 8th International Workshop, WMC 2007 Thessaloniki, Greece, June 25-28, 2007 Revised Selected and Invited Papers
This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Eighth Workshop on Membrane Computing, WMC8, which took place in Thessaloniki, Greece, during June 25–28, 2008. Special attention was paid to the interaction of membrane computing with biology and computer science, focusing on the - ological roots of membrane computing, on applications of membrane computing in biology and medicine, and on possible electronically based implementations.
Membrane Computing ; Vol. 4361 ; 7th International Workshop, WMC 2006, Leiden, Netherlands, July 17-21, 2006, Revised, Selected, and Invited Papers
The present volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Seventh Workshop on Membrane Computing, WMC7, which took place in Leiden, The Netherlands, during July 17–21, 2006. The ?rst three workshops on membrane computing were organized in Curtea de Arge¸ s, Romania – they took place in August 2000 (with the proceedings published in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume2235),in August 2001(with a selection of papers published asa special issue of Fundamenta Informaticae, volume 49, numbers 1–3, 2002), and in August 2002 (with the proceedings published in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 2597). The next three workshops were organized in Tarragona, Spain, in July 2003, in Milan, Italy, in June 2004, and in Vienna, Austria, in July 2005, with the proceedings published as volumes 2933, 3365, and 3850, respectively, of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. The 2006edition of WMC wasorganized(and supported) byLorentzCenter, Leiden, under the auspices of the European Molecular Computing Consortium (EMCC). Special attention was paid to the interaction of membrane computing with biology, focusing both on the biological roots of membrane computing and on applications of membrane computing in biology and medicine.
Membrane Computing ; Vol. 3850 ; 6th International Workshop, WMC 2005, Vienna, Austria, July 18-21, 2005, Revised Selected and Invited Papers
The papers in this volume cover all the main directions of research in membrane computing, ranging from theoretical topics in mathematics and computer science, to application issues, especially in biology. More specifically, these papers present research on topics such as: computational power and complexity classes, new types of P systems, relationships to Petri nets, quantum computing, and brane calculi, determinism vs. nondeterminism, hierarchies, the size of small families, algebraic approaches, and designing polynomial solutions to NP-complete problems through the use of membrane systems. Like the previous workshops,
Membrane Computing ; Vol. 3365 ; 5th International Workshop, WMC 2004, Milan, Italy, June 14-16, 2004, Revised Selected and Invited Papers
Constitutes the refereed extended postproceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Membrane Computing, held in Italy, in June 2004. This book addresses various topics in the area of membrane computing, ranging from mathematics and theoretical computer science to applications in biology, linguistics, and computer graphics.
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacological Potential of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacological Potential of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes features important insights into the applications of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. It discusses the fullerene and nanotubes derivatives which are effective against viruses, cells, and bacteria and those which are able to interact and inhibit certain enzymes. Also covered in this book are the formation of complex structures between biologically active molecules and carbon materials. Furthermore, the application of fullerenes in certain medical therapies is explored, including the very recent discovery of new bio-compatible media which could be used as carriers in the delivery of fullerenes in vivo. An additional topic of this text is the formation of hybrids between nanotubes and biological molecules and their use as chemical sensors.
Medical genetics and law : An international perspective
Essential resource to understanding the intersection of medical genetics and law. In a unique approach, it provides an overview on the biological principles of DNA basics and genetic inheritance linking the knowledge with the ethical and legal challenges presented by modern developments in genetics.
Medial Representations : Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications
The last half century has seen the development of many biological or physical theories that have explicitly or implicitly involved medial descriptions of objects and other spatial entities in our world. Simultaneously mathematicians have studied the properties of these skeletal descriptions of shape, and, stimulated by the many areas where medial models are useful, computer scientists and engineers have developed numerous algorithms for computing and using these models. We bring this knowledge and experience together into this book in order to make medial technology more widely understood and used.
Media Theory : Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics
The focus of this book is a mathematical structure modeling a physical or biological system that can be in any of a number of `states.' Each state is characterized by a set of binary features, and differs from some other neighbor state or states by just one of those feature. A simple example of a `state’ is a partial solution of a jigsaw puzzle, which can be transformed into another partial solution or into the final solution just by adding or removing a single adjoining piece. The evolution of such a system over time is considered. Such a structure is analyzed from algebraic and probabilistic (stochastic) standpoints.
Mechanosensing and Mechanochemical Transduction in Extracellular Matrix : Biological, Chemical, Engineering, and Physiological Aspects
Mechanosensing and Mechanochemical Transduction in Extracellular Matrix offers the reader recent information in addition to models of how mechanical information is transduced into genetic and biochemical changes at the cellular and tissue levels. Mechanosensing and Mechanochemical Transduction in Extracellular Matrix is intended to serve as a textbook at the graduate and advanced undergraduate level in a biomedical engineering curriculum.
Mechanisms of Angiogenesis
Is it advisable to go back from bedside to the bench? During the last decade, few topics encountered such a broad interest in bio- gy and medicine as angiogenesis. The amazing ability of the body to restore blood flow by induction of blood vessel growth as part of an adaptive process has alarmed physicians dealing with diseases in which angiogenesis is either exaggerated (as in tumors) or too slow (as in ischemic diseases of heart and brain). Not surprisingly, pro- and antiangiogenic strategies have found their way into clinical trials. For instance, for the USA, the NIH website in early 2004 displayed 38 clinical studies involving either pro- or antiangiogenic th- apies. Given the expected overwhelming wealth of clinical data, the question may be asked whether further exploration of biological mechanisms is required or whether results from the bedside are instructive enough to proceed. This question depends also on the progress of pro- and antiangiogenic clinical trials. In the following, I give a short overview about some of the progress that has been made in this field. Since Judah Folkman proposed antiangiogenic tumor therapy thirty years ago, it has become increasingly evident that agents which interfere with blood vessel formation also block tumor progression. Accordingly, antiangiogenic therapy has gained much attention as a potential adjunct to conventional c- cer therapy.
Mechanics of Biological Tissue
The mechanics of biological tissues is a multidisciplinary and rapidly expanding area of research. This book highlights some important research directions that combine mechanical sciences with exciting new developments in biology. This collection of papers should be of interest to theoretical, computational and experimental researchers and doctoral students in the area of biomechanics and in related areas of engineering, biology and medicine.
Meaning in Action : Constructions, Narratives, and Representations
are far from genetically ? xing what behavioral preferences they may possess. Instead, learning mechanisms offer a ? exible way of attaining locally important cultural knowledge within temporal windows of opportunity as has been convi- ingly shown by research in language and culture attainment. Similar mechanisms are likely to exist for other social capacities, such as mate preferences, for example. It is this role of our biological inheritance that social science must appreciate in order to furnish a more complete understanding of human behavior. Within the natural range of variation of capacities and armed with biologically conditioned learning mechanisms we live out lives of meaning – in which we hold some things to be real, rational, valuable or morally right, and others not. It is this world of meaning in which we ? nd love and hate, struggles for justice, power, and money, and the dramas that lend to life both its depth and passion.
Ion Channels
Ion channels play a vital role in basic physiological functions such as generation of electrical activity in nerves and muscle, control of cardiac excitability, intracellular signaling, hormone secretion, cell proliferation and many other biological processes. Because of their prevalence and the critical role they play in virtually all tissue types and organs, ion channels are also involved in a number of pathophysiological conditions. The aim of this volume is to review recent advances in the field of ion channel related diseases. Following an overview chapter summarizing the current state of ion channel screening technologies, five topics covering areas such as cancer, cardiac arrhythmias, cystic fibrosis, and pain have been selected, and the current state of knowledge is presented by leading experts in their field.
Invasive forest insects, introduced forest trees, and altered ecosystems : Ecological pest management in global forests of a changing world
Demand for timber and fibre continues to grow and is being met by increased reliance on plantation forestry. Many of the plantations that are being grown around the globe are non-native species that have characteristics of rapid growth and good commercial qualities. In some cases, the high rates of production are a result of the absence of native herbivore and diseases. This limited pest status is threatened as pest species move around the globe. At the same time there is concern about threats of these non-native plantation species on native communities and the impact of changing climates on forest productivity. This volume explores many of these issues for the first time.
Introduction to Systems Biology
Informative and cutting-edge, this volume presents a clear and intuitive illustration of the biological systemic approaches and introduces ideal computational methods for research. Introduction to Systems Biology is an indispensable resource, providing a first glimpse into the state-of-the-art in systems biology.
Introduction to Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
Enables students to gain fundamental knowledge of the vital concepts, techniques and applications of the chemical analysis of pharmaceutical ingredients, final pharmaceutical products and drug substances in biological fluids. A unique emphasis on pharmaceutical laboratory practices, such as sample preparation and separation techniques, provides an efficient and practical educational framework for undergraduate studies in areas such as pharmaceutical sciences, analytical chemistry and forensic analysis. Suitable for foundational courses, this essential undergraduate text introduces the common analytical methods used in quantitative and qualitative chemical analysis of pharmaceuticals.
Introduction to Partial Differential Equations: A Computational Approach
Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biological sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the cl- sical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series: Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos mix with and reinforce the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and encourage the teaching of new courses.
Introduction to Ion Beam Biotechnology
It presents treatment of modern ion beam biotechnology and with respect to applications of ion beam bombardment of living cellular material in the hybrid field of ion beam physics and biology.Key Topics include: – Ion beam formation – Ion implantation fundamentals – Interaction between energetic ions and biological organisms – Reaction processes of ion implanted biological small molecules – Damage and repair of ion-bombarded DNA – Cell damage due to ion bombardment – Biological effects of ion implantation – Fundamentals of ion-bombardment-induced genetic variation – Ion beam mutation breeding of crops – Ion beam mutation breeding of microbes – Ion beam induced gene transfer – Ion beam induced synthesis of organic molecules – Single-ion bombardment mutation of cells
Introduction to Computational Biology : An Evolutionary Approach
Molecular biology has changed dramatically over the past two decades. Until the early 1990s genes were studied one at a time by small teams of researchers; today entire genomes are sequenced by internationally collaborating laboratories. In the bygone gene-centered era the accumulation of data was the rate-limiting step in research. Now that step is often data interpretation. This is increasingly dependent on computational methods and as a consequence, computational biology has emerged in the past decade as a new subdiscipline of biology. This introduction to computational biology is centered on the analysis of molecular sequence data. There are two closely connected aspects to biological sequences: (i) their relative position in the space of all other sequences, and (ii) their movement through this sequence space in evolutionary time. Accordingly, the first part of the book deals with classical methods of sequence analysis: pairwise alignment, exact string matching, multiple alignment, and hidden Markov models. In the second part evolutionary time takes center stage and phylogenetic reconstruction, the analysis of sequence variation, and the dynamics of genes in populations are explained in detail. In addition, the book contains a computer program with a graphical user interface that allows the reader to experiment with a number of key concepts developed by the authors.
