الصفحة 43
الصفحة 43
Points fixes, zéros et la méthode de Newton = Fixed points, zeros and Newton's method
This work is devoted to the fixed points of differentiable applications, to the zeros of non-linear systems and to Newton's method. It is aimed at masters students or preparing for the aggregation of mathematics and confirmed researchers. The first part is devoted to the method of successive approximations and confronts a “dynamical systems” point of view (Grobman-Hartman theorems, of the stable manifold) with examples resulting from numerical analysis. The second part of this work presents Newton's method and its most recent developments (Smale's alpha theory, under- or over-determined systems). It presents a new approach to this subject and a set of original results published for the first time in a French-language work. This is an advanced text on fixed points, zeros of nonlinear systems and the Newton method. Its first part, devoted to fixed points, includes the Grobman-Hartman and the stable manifold theorems. The second part describes the Newton method from a modern point of view: Smale's alpha theory, underdetermined and overdetermined systems of equations. These results are illustrated by various examples from numerical analysis.
Point Estimation of Root Finding Methods
Sets out to state computationally verifiable initial conditions for predicting the immediate appearance of the guaranteed and fast convergence of iterative root finding methods. Attention is paid to iterative methods for simultaneous determination of polynomial zeros in the spirit of Smale's point estimation theory, introduced in 1986. Some basic concepts and Smale's theory for Newton's method, together with its modifications and higher-order methods, are presented in the first two chapters. The remaining chapters contain the recent author's results on initial conditions guaranteing convergence of a wide class of iterative methods for solving algebraic equations.
POF Handbook : Optical Short Range Transmission Systems
Shows available commercial solutions as well as the potentials for future applications. Further application areas are optical waveguides, POF as low cost sensors and multi parallel data connections. More than 1000 figures, 600 references and numerous tables complete the text.
Pocket guide to practical psychopharmacology : SSRIs and SNRIs in clinical practice
Provides the most important and practical information on prescribing SSRIs for the treatment of depression and anxiety. The volume outlines the best strategies for choosing medications based on the specific symptoms each patient presents with, and for using them safely and successfully. The information is ready to use and easy to remember; it provides practical checklists for each SSRI medication on the following topics: pharmacodynamic profile and potential efficacy for specific symptoms, indications, contraindications, and ideal candidates for the medication; laboratory monitoring and follow-up; dosages, titration, and personalization strategies; side effects and management strategies; and clinical pearls. Given its features
Play-Responsive Teaching in Early Childhood Education
Develops a theoretical concept of teaching that is relevant to early childhood education, and based on children’s learning and development through play. It discusses theoretical premises and research on playing and learning, and proposes the development of play-responsive didaktik. It examines the processes and products of learning and development, teaching and its phylogenetic and ontogenetic development, as well as the ‘what’ of learning and didaktik. Next, it explores the actions, objects and meaning of play and provides insight into the diversity of beliefs about the practices of play. The book presents ideas on how combined research and development projects can be carried out, providing incentive and a model for practice development and research. The second part of the book consists of empirical studies on teacher’s playing skills and examples of play with very young as well as older children.
Platelet Function : Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Platelet function, or clot formation, is difficult to assess, but extremely important because inadvertent or excessive platelet activation underlies many common cardiovascular disorders, such as myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and stroke. In Platelet Function: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment, a panel of leading researchers and clinicians review the latest findings on the complexities of platelet function and the various means of inhibiting platelet clot formation. The authors delineate an up-to-date picture of platelet biology and describe methods for assessing platelet function, including the commonly used platelet aggregation, thromboxane production, procoagulant function, platelet function under flow, and the expression of platelet activation markers. The focus is both on the technology and the outcome of research on platelets, including the fast developing fields of proteomics and genomics and their application to platelet research. The clinical applications of the various methods for the assessment of platelet function in vivo, as well as antiplatelet therapy, are fully discussed.
Plastics for Corrosion Inhibition
The development of polymer composites containing inhibitors of metal corrosion is an important endeavour in modern materials science and technology. Corrosion inhibitors can be located in a polymer matrix in the solid, liquid or gaseous phase. This book details the thermodynamic principles for selecting these components, their compatibility and their effectiveness. The various mechanisms of metal protection – barrier, inhibiting and electromechanical – are considered, as are the conflicting requirements placed on the structure of the combined material. Two main classes of inhibited materials (structural and films/coatings) are described in detail. Examples are given of structural plastics used in friction units subjected to mechano-chemical wear and of polymer films/coatings for protecting metal objects against corrosion.
Plasticity in the Visual System : From Genes to Circuits
Plasticity is the basis for learning, memory formation and cognition, and the adaptability it affords is essential for normal day-to-day functioning. Many diseases of brain functioning can be described as, or affect, plasticity mechanisms. The goal of Plasticity in the Visual System: From Genes to Circuits is to assemble and integrate the various levels of analysis required to approach a more complete picture of plasticity in the visual system. Researchers with backgrounds varying from systems neuroscience to molecular biology present a coherent picture of visual system plasticity, in which an array of genetic and molecular processes becomes linked with changes in neuronal connectivity, physiological changes, and ultimately, learning behavior. Because of its interdisciplinary view on plasticity, this book will appeal to the wide neuroscience community.
Plasticity and Signal Representation in the Auditory System
This volume summarizes the state of development of auditory system neuroscience. This field is in an era of remarkable progress, particularly in the field of plasticity of the auditory system. New advances in understanding auditory system plasticity, based substantially on a large and growing body of results from animal experiments, are related to innumerable new insights into the physiology and pathology of speech and music perception and production generated by behavioral studies, and from the application of modern brain imaging techniques. We are living in an especially exciting period of research, marked by an almost astounding rate of advance in the development of our understanding of the hearing brain.
Plasmonics : Fundamentals and Applications
Considered one of the major fields of photonics of the beginning 21st century, plasmonics offers the potential to confine and guide light below the diffraction limit and promises a new generation of highly miniaturized photonic devices. Offering both a comprehensive introduction to the field and an extensive overview of the current state of the art, "Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications" should be of great value to the newcomer and to the experienced researcher.
Plant Selection for Bioretention Systems and Stormwater Treatment Practices
As cities develop, more land is converted into impervious surfaces, which do not allow water to infiltrate. Careful urban planning is needed to ensure that the hydrologic cycle and water quality of the catchment areas are not affected. There are techniques that can attenuate peak flow during rain events and reduce the amount of metals, nutrients, and bacteria that enter the urban water cycle. This brief gives a short introduction on bioretention systems and documents the effectiveness of some 36 plant species in removing water pollutants. A summary on the maintenance requirements is also presented.
Plant Respiration : From Cell to Ecosystem
Respiration in plants, as in all living organisms, is essential to provide metabolic energy and carbon skeletons for growth and maintenance. As such, respiration is an essential component of a plant’s carbon budget. Depending on species and environmental conditions, it consumes 25-75% of all the carbohydrates produced in photosynthesis – even more at extremely slow growth rates. Respiration in plants can also proceed in a manner that produces neither metabolic energy nor carbon skeletons, but heat. This type of respiration involves the cyanide-resistant, alternative oxidase; it is unique to plants, and resides in the mitochondria. The activity of this alternative pathway can be measured based on a difference in fractionation of oxygen isotopes between the cytochrome and the alternative oxidase. Heat production is important in some flowers to attract pollinators; however, the alternative oxidase also plays a major role in leaves and roots of most plants. A common thread throughout this volume is to link respiration, including alternative oxidase activity, to plant functioning in different environments.
Plant Cryopreservation : A Practical Guide
Plant Cryopreservation: A Practical Guide is a unique resource for plant scientists in many fields. This compilation provides over 100 ready-to-use protocols for plant types from algae and bryophytes to a range of flowering plants. It includes techniques for diverse plant parts such as dormant buds, pollen, and apical meristems, and for cell types such as suspension and callus cultures. Five introductory chapters describe theoretical principles, practical aspects of long-term cryopreserved storage, and details of the main cryopreservation techniques. The remaining 14 chapters are separated by plant type. Each chapter briefly reviews the literature and includes ready-to-use protocols designed for easy transfer into the lab and adaptation to new species.
Planning Demand-Driven Disassembly for Remanufacturing
Ian M. Langella examines the planning of disassembly for remanufacturing of used products, yielding components which are reassembled into “as good as new” items. Through a thorough analysis of the underlying planning problem, fundamental insights are attained and heuristic solution methods are developed and tested. Although the heuristics exhibit good performance, they remain simple enough to be applied to industrial-sized problems. The author considers both settings where yields are deterministic and stochastic and where the amount of returned products is constrained.
Planetary Atmospheric Electricity
Presents our contemporary understanding of atmospheric electricity at Earth and in other solar system atmospheres. It is written by experts in terrestrial atmospheric electricity and planetary scientists. Many of the key issues related to planetary atmospheric electricity are discussed. The physics presented in this book includes ionisation processes in planetary atmospheres, charge generation and separation, and a discussion of electromagnetic signatures of atmospheric discharges. The measurement of thunderstorms and lightning, including its effects and hazards, is highlighted by articles on ground and space based instrumentation, and new missions.Theory and modelling of planetary atmospheric electricity complete this review of the research that is undertaken in this exciting field of space science.
Planar Maps, Random Walks and Circle Packing : École d'Été de Probabilités de Saint-Flour XLVIII - 2018
This book focuses on the interplay between random walks on planar maps and Koebe’s circle packing theorem. Further topics covered include electric networks, the He–Schramm theorem on infinite circle packings, uniform spanning trees of planar maps, local limits of finite planar maps and the almost sure recurrence of simple random walks on these limits
Pixel Detectors : From Fundamentals to Applications
Pixel detectors are a particularly important class of particle and radiation detection devices. They have an extremely broad spectrum of applications, ranging from high-energy physics to the photo cameras of everyday life. This book is a general purpose introduction into the fundamental principles of pixel detector technology and semiconductor-based hybrid pixel devices. Although these devices were developed for high-energy ionizing particles and radiation beyond visible light, they are finding new applications in many other areas. This book will therefore benefit all scientists and engineers working in any laboratory involved in developing or using particle detection.
Piezoelectricity : Evolution and Future of a Technology
Discovered in 1880, piezoelectric materials play a key role in an innovative market of several billions of dollars. Recent advances in applications derive from new materials and their development, as well as to new market requirements. With the exception of quartz, ferroelectric materials are used for they offer both high efficiency and sufficient versatility to meet adequately the multidimensional requirements for application. Consequently, strong emphasis is placed on tailoring materials and technology, whether one deals with single crystals, ceramics or plastic materials. Tailoring requires a basic understanding of both physical principles and technical possibilities and limitations. This report elucidates these developments by a broad spectrum of examples, comprising ultrasound in medicine and defence industry, frequency control, signal processing by SAW-devices, sensors, actuators, including novel valves for modern motor management.
Phytoremediation of Metal-Contaminated Soils
Phytoremediation, the use of plants to remediate environmental media, is being pursued as a new approach for the cleanup of contaminated soils and waters, including groundwater. Phytoremediation technologies are in the early stages of development, with laboratory research and limited field trials being conducted to determine processes and refine methods. Additional research, including genetic engineering, is being conducted to improve the natural capabilities of plants to perform remediation functions and to investigate other plants with potential phytoremediation applications. Large areas in Western and Eastern countries are polluted with heavy metals and radionuclides in natural, rural, urban or industrial areas.
Phytoremediation and Rhizoremediation
This book intends to show especially the importance of cooperation between plant and microorganisms, there is practically no phytoremediation without rhizoremediation. Newest approaches based on methods of molecular biology and genetic engineering are described, as well as plant science achievements. The great advantage of this volume is that the reader will find here in addition to a survey of published data also a lot of original findings, thus supplying an up-to-date review of this quickly developing field of science.
