الصفحة 36
الصفحة 36
Engineering Stochastic Local Search Algorithms. Designing, Implementing and Analyzing Effective Heuristics ; International Workshop, SLS 2007, Brussels, Belgium, September 6-8, 2007, Proceedings
Stochastic local search (SLS) algorithms enjoy great popularity as powerful and versatile tools for tackling computationally hard decision and optimization pr- lems from many areas of computer science, operations research, and engineering. However, in recent years it has become evident that at the core of this development task there is a highly complex engineering process, which combines various aspects of algorithm design with empirical analysis techniques and problem-specific background, and which relies heavily on knowledge from a number of disciplines and areas, including computer science, operations research, artificial intelligence, and statistics. This development process needs to be - sisted by a sound methodology that addresses the issues arising in the various phases of algorithm design, implementation, tuning, and experimental eval- tion.
Energy Resources in East Africa: Opportunities and Challenges
East African states have historically shared several resources including energy and common heritage of its people. This book provides information on available sources of energy in the region and how the energy suppliers can exploit them in an integrated form to produce the right blend of energy for various applications e.g., industrial, domestic and recreational uses. We provide an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different energy sources in-terms of environmental, industrialization, distribution costs and impacts. We hope that the book will contribute towards a sustainable exploitation of energy resources for the improvement of the people’s quality of life.
Energy Efficient Servers : Blueprints for Data Center Optimization
The book includes a deep examination of different features used in processors, memory, interconnects, I/O devices, and other platform components. It outlines the power and performance impact of these features and the role firmware and software play in initialization and control. Using examples from cloud, HPC, and enterprise environments, the book demonstrates how various power management technologies are utilized across a range of server utilization. It teaches the reader how to monitor, analyze, and optimize their environment to best suit their needs. It shares optimization techniques used by data center administrators and system optimization experts at the world’s most advanced data centers.
Energiya—Buran : The Soviet Space Shuttle
In Energiya-Buran: the Soviet Space Shuttle, the authors describe the long development path of the Soviet space shuttle system, consisting of the Energiya rocket and the Buran orbiter. The program eventually saw just one unmanned flight in November 1988 before the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union sealed its fate. After a Foreword provided by lead Buran test pilot Igor Volk, the authors look at the experience gradually accumulated in high-speed aeronautics with the development of various Soviet rocket planes and intercontinental cruise missiles between the 1930s to 1950s and the study of several small spaceplanes in the 1960s. Next the authors explain how the perceived military threat of the US Space Shuttle led to the decision in February 1976 to build a Soviet equivalent, and explore the evolution of the design until it was frozen in 1979.
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair : From Bench to Bed
Endovascular procedures have a tremendous impact upon modern patient care. This book summarizes covered stent-graft applications in the experimental and clinical settings. Excellent illustrations document the acute and chronic behavior of stent-grafts within the vascular system including diagnostic imaging, histologic work-up and schematic drawings. A large amount of experience on intravascular ultrasound-based repair of aortic pathologies is presented. Physicians interested in the endovascular field will find this book a very stimulating resource.
Endoscopic Surgery of the Potential Anatomical Spaces
Potential anatomical spaces" have attracted surgeons in the past and in recent years. Due to the development of modern imaging techniques and the advent of minimally invasive surgery, access to these spaces has become a real surgical option. The purpose of this book is to document the challenges related to "potential anatomical spaces", traditionally described as "hidden" spaces. The spread of video-assisted surgery and its application in the management of diseases involving organs or anatomical structures placed in the "potential spaces" (neck, mediastinum, pro-peritoneum and retro-peritoneum, subfacial space of the leg, and axilla), has rendered their surgical anatomy less abstract.
Endoscopic Anatomy of the Third Ventricle : Microsurgical and Endoscopic Approaches
In this atlas anatomical aspects important for combinations of microsurgical and endoscopic approaches are presented and illustrated. Modern imaging techniques are necessary for the three-dimensional orientation but do not show enough details for endoscopic interventions. The small visual fields need a combination of the depiction of fine details and of the three-dimensional presentation of large areas. Furthermore, problems with little known anatomical standard variants of the target areas may arise. Therefore, numerous common anatomical variants are demonstrated with reference to their impact for the surgical technique.
Endodontic Prognosis : Clinical Guide for Optimal Treatment Outcome
Serves as a clinical guide to help the practitioner improve endodontic treatment outcomes. It focuses on the various factors affecting the prognosis of endodontic treatments and on their impact on short-term and long-term results.
Endodontic Advances and Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines : New perspectives and evidence–based clinical guidelines
Provides a comprehensive and up-to-date description of recent research findings and their impact on clinical practice. Using an innovative approach to the field, the book enables readers to translate the current body of knowledge on endodontic diseases and treatment into guidelines for enhancing patient care. Presents the latest understanding of current literature, evidence, and clinical practice Examines new trends, treatments, and advanced diagnostic techniques in the field Covers a wide range of topics, including management of root canals, repair of perforation defects, removal of root filling materials, and alternatives to root canal treatment
EndNote 1 - 2 - 3 Easy! : Reference Management for the Professional
EndNote® 1-2-3 Easy!: Reference Management for the Professional is a valuable educational resource for biomedical and healthcare professionals, including researchers, physicians, students, information systems professionals, managers, teachers, librarians, and other professionals engaged in scientific manuscript writing. It offers a practical, "how to" manual providing easy-to-follow, step-by-step advice on using EndNote®, a popular reference management software package.
Encyclopedia of diasporas : Immigrant and refugee cultures around the world ; Vol. I : Overviews and Topics ; Vol. II : Diaspora communities
The encyclopedia consists of two volumes covering three main sections: Diaspora Overviews covers over 20 ethnic groups that have experienced voluntary or forced immigration. These essays discuss the history behind the social, economic, and political reasons for leaving the original countries, and the cultures in the new places; Topics discusses the impact and assimilation that the immigrant cultures experience in their adopted cultures, including the arts they bring, the struggles they face, and some of the cities that are in the forefront of receiving immigrant cultures; Diaspora Communities include over 60 portraits of specific diaspora communities. Each portrait follows a standard outline to facilitate comparisons. The Encyclopedia of Diasporas can be used both to gain a general understanding of immigration and immigrants, and to find out about particular cultures, topics and communities. It will prove of great value to researchers and students, curriculum developers, teachers, and government officials. It brings together the disciplines of anthropology, social studies, political studies, international studies, and immigrant and immigration studies
Encyclopedia of Algorithms
Provides a comprehensive set of solutions to important algorithmic problems for students and researchers, including high-impact solutions from the most recent decade.A must-have for computer scientists, this encyclopedic reference has been edited by Ming Yang Kao, Editor-in-Chief of the top journal in the field, Algorithmica, All of the entries have been written and peer-reviewed by experts in the field. Nearly 400 entries are organized alphabetically by problem, with subentries for distinct solutions.
Encounters and Practices of Petty Trade in Northern Europe, 1820–1960 : Forgotten Livelihoods
Uncovers one important, yet forgotten, form of itinerant livelihoods, namely petty trade, more specifically how it was practiced in Northern Europe during the period 1820–1960. It investigates how traders and customers interacted in different spaces and approaches ambulatory trade as an arena of encounters by looking at everyday social practices. Petty traders often belonged to subjugated social groups, like ethnic minorities and migrants, whereas their customers belonged to the resident population. How were these mobile traders perceived and described? What goods did they peddle? How did these commodities enable and shape trading encounters? What kind of narratives can be found, and whose? These questions pertaining to daily practices on a grass-root level have not been addressed in previous research.
Enabling the City : Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Encounters in Research and Practice
Focuses on how interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary processes of knowledge production may contribute to urban transformation at a local level in the 21st century, striking a balance between enthusiastic support for such transformational potential and a cautious note regarding the persistent challenges to the ethos as well as the practice of inter and transdisciplinarity. The rich stories reflect different research and local practice cultures, exploring issues such as ageing, community, health and dementia, public space, energy, mobility cultures, heritage, housing, re-use, and renewal, as well as more universal questions about urban sustainability and climate change, and perhaps most importantly, education.
Empowered Enterprise Risk Management : Theory and Practice
In this book, two experts on the topic raise the question of why many ERM programmes end up as box-checking silos with almost no connection to important decision-making processes, whereas others are empowered and end up having a profound impact on the firm’s culture, governance structures, and strategy process. The book establishes a path to empowered ERM by drawing on insights from theory and hard-won lessons from practice.
Employment Law for Business and Human Resources Professionals
"The revised fourth edition features changes in the Employment Standards Act and Bill 148 (Fair Workplaces Better Jobs Act). Bill 148's passage also impacts the content in numerous other chapters and the changes to the ESA resulting from Bill 47 will result in updates to the Employment Standards Act chapter.
Employment Deconcentration in European Metropolitan Areas : Market Forces versus Planning Regulations
Spatial deconcentration of economic activities, particularly the growth of suburban office, retail and entertainment concentrations, has become a prime concern in European metropolitan areas. This book provides a cross-national comparative perspective on employment deconcentration within selected metropolitan areas in Europe. Whereas most debate over urban sprawl and deconcentration is oriented towards the North American context, this book aims at a better understanding of this phenomenon in the European context, emphasizing the location of economic activities rather than residential patterns. It provides insights on whether different governance attributes produce particular forms of deconcentration versus the influence of market attributes and local specificities, also commenting on quality of life impacts and possible governance and policy implications of the deconcentration process. Introduction of a comparative framework is followed by eight case study chapters, three representing northern Europe, three the southern European-Mediterranean region and two post-communist central Europe. Most chapters examine two metropolitan areas, usually a large one and a smaller one. The comparison reveals considerable variations in the magnitude, form, and process of employment deconcentration, only partly in line with expected influences of governance systems. Evidence does not fully confirm an anticipated distinction between Northern and Mediterranean Europe; the Czech Republic and Israel seem to diverge most from prevailing European trends.
Empirical Research within Resource-Based Theory : A Meta-Analysis of the Central Propositions
Katja Nothnagel evaluates this growing body of empirical research in resource-based theory. She starts out by deriving six central propositions and then examines how these propositions have been tested empirically. Over 190 empirical resource-based papers are identified. The results of this work are evaluated through a narrative review, vote counting as well as the use of a meta-analysis. The results suggest that substantial progress has been made within the empirical part of RBT: (a) various operationalization examples on the propositions’ central constructs prove that testing RBT propositions is possible; (b) vote counting results indicate an overall positive significant impact of resources on performance with negligible results in the opposite direction of the theory; and (c) meta-analysis results show significant positive relationships. The author concludes, however, that more research is needed regarding the factor market conditions and the operationalization of resource conditions.
Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth
The work contributes to our understanding of how entrepreneurship may affect economic growth. Among others, it is investigated whether the impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth varies with the development level of an economy, with the sector of economic activity, and with the quantity and quality of entrepreneurial supply. Empirical evidence is provided showing that the impact is dependent upon all these three aspects.
Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal Waste : Removal Technologies
This book focuses on innovative treatment technologies for the elimination of emerging contaminants from wastewater and drinking water. The respective treatment processes, such as membrane bioreactors, photocatalysis, ozonation and advanced oxidation are dealt with in detail. The book also discusses sources and occurrence of emerging contaminants in municipal and industrial waste, giving a concise and critical overview of state-of-the-art analytical methods for their identification. Further important aspects covered by the book include the acute and chronic effects and overall impact of emerging contaminants on the environment.
