الصفحة 36
الصفحة 36
Food and behavior
The effect of nutrition on behavior is one of the new topics that nutritionists are discussing at the present time. They have proven that there is a clear relationship between food, behavior and decisions. The aim of this research is to shed light on this new aspect of nutriti onal science, as we are presenting in this project some of the experiments, researches and statistics that scientists have reached and referred to this effect.
Food addiction
This approach acknowledges the apparent parallels between substance use disorders and overeating of highly palatable, high-caloric foods. Although this idea seems to be relatively new, research on food addiction actually encompasses several decades, a fact that often remains unrecognized. Scientific use of the term addiction in reference to chocolate even dates back to the 19th century. In the 20th century, food addiction research underwent several paradigm shifts, which include changing foci on anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, obesity, or binge eating disorder. Thus, the purpose of this review is to describe the history and state of the art of food addiction research and to demonstrate its development and refinement of definitions and methodologies
Focusing telescopes in nuclear astrophysics
This volume is the first of its kind on focusing gamma-ray telescopes. Forty-eight refereed papers provide a comprehensive overview of the scientific potential and technical challenges of this nascent tool for nuclear astrophysics. The book features articles dealing with pivotal technologies such as grazing incident mirrors, multilayer coatings, Laue- and Fresnel-lenses - and even an optic using the curvature of space-time. The volume also presents an overview of detectors matching the ambitious objectives of gamma ray optics, and facilities for operating such systems on the ground and in space. The extraordinary scientific potential of focusing gamma-ray telescopes for the study of the most powerful sources and the most violent events in the Universe is emphasized in a series of introductory articles.
Focused Access to XML Documents ; 6th International Workshop of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval, INEX 2007 Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, December 17-19, 2007. Selected Papers
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Workshop of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval, INEX 2007, held at Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, in December 2007.The 37 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation at the workshop from 50 initial submissions. The papers are organized in an ad hoc track and 6 topical sections on book search, XML-mining, entity ranking, interactive, link-the-wiki, and multimedia.
FM 2008 : Formal methods ; 15th International symposium on formal methods, Turku, Finland, May 26-30, 2008 Proceedings
This book presents the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Formal Methods, FM 2008, held in Turku, Finland in May 2008.The 23 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited contributions and extended abstracts of 5 invited industrial presentations were carefully reviewed and selected from 106 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on programming language analysis, verification, real-time and concurrency, grand chellenge problems, fm practice, runtime monitoring and analysis, communication, constraint analysis, and design.
FM 2006: Formal Methods ; 14th International Symposium on Formal Methods, Hamilton, Canada, August 21-27, 2006, Proceedings
This book presents the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Formal Methods, FM 2006, held in Hamilton, Canada, August 2006. The book presents 36 revised full papers together with 2 invited contributions and extended abstracts of 7 invited industrial presentations, organized in topical sections on interactive verification, formal modelling of systems, real time, industrial experience, specification and refinement, programming languages, algebra, formal modelling of systems, and more.
FM 2005: Formal Methods ; International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe, Newcastle, UK, July 18-22, 2005, Proceedings
This volume contains the proceedings of Formal Methods 2005, the 13th InternationalSymposiumonFormalMethodsheldinNewcastleuponTyne,UK, during July 18–22, 2005. Formal Methods Europe (FME, www.fmeurope.org) is an independent association which aims to stimulate the use of, and research on, formal methods for system development. FME conferences began with a VDM Europe symposium in 1987. Since then, the meetings have grown and have been held about once every 18 months. Throughout the years the symposia have been notablysuccessfulinbringingtogetherresearchers,tooldevelopers,vendors,and users, both from academia and from industry. Formal Methods 2005 con?rms this success. We received 130 submissions to the main conference, from all over the world. Each submission was carefully refereed by at least three reviewers. Then, after an intensive, in-depth discussion, the Program Committee selected 31 papers for presentation at the conference. They form the bulk of this volume.
Fluid Mechanics of Flow Metering
This book addresses two major fluid mechanical problems in flow metering: the analysis of signal generation in turbulent pipe flow, which explains the function of the meter beyond a simple calibration, and the possible use of a meter in non-developed flows. These problems are investigated with reference to, and examples from, a variety of meters, e.g. ultrasound cross-correlation meters, vortex meters, and turbine meters. Studying these problems requires consideration of specific phenomena in turbulent non-developed pipe flow, as caused by installations, and finding special solutions with signal processing, both of which are included in the book.
Fluid dynamics of cavitation and cavitating turbopumps
The book focuses on the fluid dynamics of cavitation with special reference to high power density turbopumps, where it represents the major source of performance and life degradation and often generates the conditions for the onset of dangerous fluid dynamic instabilities. To this purpose the first part of the book covers the more fundamental aspects of cavitation (nucleation, bubble dynamics, thermodynamic effects, cavitation erosion, stability of parallel bubbly flows) and the main kinds of cavitating flows (attached cavitation, cloud cavitation, supercavitation, ventilated supercavities, vortex cavitation, shear cavitation). The second part focuses on the hydrodynamics and instabilities of cavitating turbopumps (cavitation surge, rotating cavitation, higher order cavitation surge, rotordynamic whirl forces). Finally, the third part illustrates the alternative approaches for modeling and engineering simulation of cavitating flows.
Fluctuations, Information, Gravity and the Quantum Potential
A main theme of the book outlines the role of the quantum potential in quantum mechanics and general relativity and one of its origins via fluctuations formulated in terms of Fisher information. Another theme is the description of various approaches to Bohmian mechanics and their role in quantum mechanics and general relativity. Along the way various approaches to, for instance, the Dirac equation, the Einstein equations, the Klein-Gordon equation, the Maxwell equations and the Schr?dinger equations are described. Statistics and geometry are intertwined in various ways and, among other matters, the aether, cosmology, entropy, fractals, quantum Kaehler geometry, the vacuum and the zero point field are discussed. There is also some speculative material and some original work along with material extracted from over 1000 references and the work is current up to April 2005.
Flowering Plants. Eudicots : Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae
In this volume, the ninth of the series, treatments are offered for 52 families containing 432 genera belonging to 13 eudicot orders, many of which have recently been newly designed; four families remain unassigned to order. Emphasis is on the early-diverging eudicots and basal core eudicots the phylogenetic relationships and diversification of which have recently been in focus and are critically discussed. Systematically relevant information includes descriptions of families and genera, keys to the genera, and references to recent revisions. Introductions to the families provide convenient, in-depth overviews of key aspects of systematics. The wealth and precision of information contained in this volume will make it an important source of reference for both the scholar and the practitioner in the fields of pure and applied plant sciences.
Flower Breeding and Genetics : Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for the 21st Century
This book provides a unique and valuable resource on the many issues and challenges facing flower breeders, as well as the industry at-large. In this volume, the first comprehensive assemblage of its kind, a team of 32 international authorities has contributed to make this book a ‘must-have’ reference to research and develop flower crops for the 21st century consumers. Part 1 of this book (flower breeding program issues) contains unique features of interest to horticultural professionals and students, include coverage of plant protection strategies, cultivar trialing methodology, germplasm collection/preservation, preventing invasiveness, and other timely topics. The collective body of knowledge for 24 flower crops (Part 2: Crop-specific Breeding and Genetics) represents the in-depth science and art of breeding technology available for bedding plants, flowering potted plants, cut flowers, and herbaceous perennials. Each author provides crop-specific history, evolution, biology, taxonomy, state-of-the-art breeding/genetics, classical/molecular technologies, species traits, interspecific hybridization, and directions for future development/enhancement.
Flow cytometry : Principles and applications
Flow cytometry forms an integral part of both basic biological research and clinical diagnosis in pathology. This straightforward new volume provides a clear, easy-to-read, and practical manual for both clinicians and non-clinicians at all levels of their careers. The chapter topics range from basic principles to more advanced subjects, such as apoptosis and cell sorting. Throughout Flow Cytometry: Principles and Applications, well-informed expert contributors present theoretical descriptions and practical protocols on this important and complex laboratory technique and its applications. Immunologists and Hematologists in the field of pathology, as well as biological researchers working with both human and animal models will appreciate the simple, clear-cut style in which principles and protocols in this volume are presented, and will refer to this book time and time again for clear and easy-to-follow protocols.
Flood Warning, Forecasting and Emergency Response
This book provides a comprehensive account of flood warning, forecasting and emergency response processes, including techniques for predicting the development of flood events and for issuing appropriate warnings. Topics such as telemetry and information systems, flood warning economics, and river and coastal monitoring are also discussed. This book brings together many aspects of this interesting multidisciplinary topic and will serve as a valuable reference for researchers, policy makers and engineers.
FLOMANIA - A European Initiative on Flow Physics Modelling ; Results of the European-Union funded project, 2002 - 2004
The book presents an introduction to the project, exhibits partners’ methods and approaches, and provides comprehensive reports (i.e. definition as well as results) of all applications treated in the project. Moreover, a complete chapter is devoted to a description of turbulence models used by the partners together with a section on lessons learnt – accompanied by a comprehensive list of references.
Flexible Query Answering Systems ; 7th International Conference, FQAS 2006, Milan, Italy, June 7-10, 2006
This book constitutes the refereed proceeding of the 7th International Conference on Flexible Query Answering Systems, FQAS 2006, held in Milan, Italy in June 2006. The 60 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on flexibility in database management and quering, vagueness and uncertainty in XML quering and retrieval, information retrieval and filtering, multimedia information access, user modeling and personalization, knowledge and data extraction, intelligent information extraction from text, and knowledge representation and reasoning.
Flexible and Efficient Information Handling ; 23rd British National Conference on Databases, BNCOD 23, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK, July 18-20, 2006, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd British National Conference on Databases, BNCOD 23, held in Belfast, Northern Ireland, July 2006. The volume presents 12 revised full papers and 6 revised short papers, together with 2 invited lectures and 13 poster papers. Topical sections include data modelling and architectures and transaction management, data integration and interoperability and information retrieval, query processing and optimisation, data mining, data warehousing and more.
Flash 8 Essentials
As a creative professional or interactive developer, you’ll be amazed at the exciting possibilities presented to you by the features available in Flash 8; but as a busy designer, we know you won't have as much time as you’d like to explore these new additions. Never fear; this book wastes no time looking at timeline basics, tweens, or movie-publishing options—it focuses exclusively on the new Flash 8 features, getting you quickly up to speed with a combination of illustrative tutorials, handy references, and inspirational examples. By the end of the book, you’ll know that there’s no shortage of new tools to enhance and inspire your Flash development; and since this book is written by some of the community's leading Flash experts, you’ll know you’re in good hands.
Fixed orthodontic appliances : A practical guide
This guide to fixed appliance-based orthodontics is designed to serve as a comprehensive ‘how to’ manual. It will offer detailed support on the use of fixed orthodontic appliances with practical orthodontic treatments, while providing a valuable refresher and reference for more experienced clinicians.
Fiscal Equalization : Challenges in the Design of Intergovernmental Transfers
These original essays highlight the state of knowledge in intergovernmental transfer design. They represent creative new thinking about challenging policy issues and offer useful options for policy makers. There is a genuine need for this book; it will become a 'benchmark' reference. I am impressed with its content, organization, readability, and fresh thematic approach.
