الصفحة 31
الصفحة 31
Languages and Compilers for High Performance Computing ; 17th International Workshop, LCPC 2004, West Lafayette, IN, USA, September 22-24, 2004, Revised Selected Papers
Cetus is a compiler infrastructure for the source-to-source transformation of programs. Since its creation nearly three years ago, it has grown to over 12,000 lines of Java code, been made available publically on the web, and become a basis for several research projects. We discuss our experience using Cetus for a selection of these research projects. The focus of this paper is not the projects themselves, but rather how Cetus made these projects possible, how the needs of these projects influenced the development of Cetus, and the solutions we applied to problems we encountered with the infrastructure. We believe the research community can benefit from such a discussion, as shown by the strong interest in the mini-workshop on compiler research infrastructures where some of this information was first presented.
Lake Taihu, China : Dynamics and Environmental Change
There are many shallow lakes in the world. Many of them play an important socio-economic role as contributors to the drinking water supply, in flood attenuation, fisheries and recreation activities. Because of the current anthropogenic changes in the environment, such lakes rapidly respond to eutrophication and swamping. It is often hard to address these issues because many changes in the ecosystems of shallow lakes are associated with little studied physical processes. This interaction between the aquatic biota and the physical and chemical environment increases the complexity of shallow lake ecosystems. Lake Taihu, located in the delta of Yangtze River, is a typical large, shallow eutrophic lake with area of 2338 km2 and maximum depth of less than 3m . This book provides basic data on various aspects of this lake and summarizes research work on the interaction between its ecology and physical limnology. It will be a reference for teachers and students of freshwater ecology and biology, the aquatic environment in general, and, most strikingly, for all those interested in physical limnology.
La protesi di ginocchio di primo impianto = The first-time knee prosthesis
Total knee replacement has now become a routine procedure in our operating rooms. The widespread use of this procedure, however, should not obscure the complexity of this joint surgery, which also relies on sophisticated computer aids. Drawing on their long and proven experience, the authors of this fourth volume in the series provide the reader with an updated overview of the state of the art.
K-Theory : An Introduction
From the Preface: K-theory was introduced by A. Grothendieck in his formulation of the Riemann- Roch theorem. For each projective algebraic variety, Grothendieck constructed a group from the category of coherent algebraic sheaves, and showed that it had many nice properties. Atiyah and Hirzebruch considered a topological analog defined for any compact space X, a group K{X) constructed from the category of vector bundles on X. It is this ''topological K-theory" that this book will study. Topological K-theory has become an important tool in topology. Using K- theory, Adams and Atiyah were able to give a simple proof that the only spheres which can be provided with H-space structures are S1, S3 and S7. Moreover, it is possible to derive a substantial part of stable homotopy theory from K-theory.
Kristian Birkeland : The First Space Scientist
PREFACEThisscientific biography of Kristian Birkeland (1867–1917) was written to bring the story ofa Norwegian national hero to the attention ofthe English-speaking world. Birkeland’sheroic stature was established not on a field of military battle,but in the bitter cold of the Artic wilderness ashe sought to answer basic questions abouthow the Sun controlled northern lights andmag-netic storms. He was also afather of Norsk Hydro one ofNorway’s largest industries. Birkel and died before reaching the age of 50.Because Birkel and never kept adiary, documented information about his family and private life is sparse. Before he died, Olaf Devik, the last of Birke-ffland’s close friends, gave along interview and graciously transferred his personal archive to A.E. Birkeland’s 82 scientific papers and three book-length publications map the progress of his investigations. addressed this book questions that had vexed European scientists for centuries. Why do the northern lights appear overhead when the Earth’s magnetic field is disturbed? How are magnetic storms connected to disturbances on the Sun? To answer these questions Birkeland interpreted his advance laboratory simulations and daring campaigns in the Arctic wilderness in the light of Maxwell’s newly discovered laws of electricity and magnetism. Birkeland’s ideas were dismissed for decades, only to be vindicated when satellites could fly above the Earth’s atmosphere.
Kramers-Kronig Relations in Optical Materials Research
This is the first one-volume work to provide a thorough and comprehensive description of the physical background, rigorous theory and applications of Kramers-Kronig relations in the fields of linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy. Currently, Kramers-Kronig relations have become basic tools in the investigation of the optical properties of materials. A brief presentation of the related data-retrieval technique, the maximum entropy method, is also given. The contents and style potentially make this a standard text for physicists, chemists and engineers interested in optical-materials research and development.
Knowledge management : Systems and processes in the AI era
Aimed at students and managers who seek detailed insights into contemporary knowledge management (KM). It explains the concepts, theories, and technologies that provide the foundation for knowledge management; the systems and structures that constitute KM solutions; and the processes for developing, deploying, and evaluating these KM solutions. It serves as a complete introduction to the subject of knowledge management, incorporating technical and social aspects, as well as concepts, practical examples, traditional KM approaches, and emerging topics. This third edition has been revised and expanded to include more coverage of emergent trends such as cloud computing, online communities, crowdsourcing and artificial intelligence.
Knowledge Integration : The Practice of Knowledge Management in Small and Medium Enterprises
The ability to manage knowledge is relevant for millions of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) that operate in high-tech environments. They strongly depend on external knowledge about customers, technologies, and competitors because, as opposed to large companies, they have limited internal knowledge resources and little power to control their business environments.
Knowledge Discovery from XML Documents ; 1st International Workshop, KDXD 2006, Singapore, April 9, 2006, Proceedings
The KDXD 2006 (Knowledge Discovery from XML Documents) workshop is the ?rst international workshop running this year in conjunction with the 10th Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, PAKDD 2006. The workshop provided an important forum for the dissemination and exchange of new ideas and research related to XML data discovery and retrieval. The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has become a standard language for data representation and exchange. With the continuous growth in XML data sources,the ability to manage collections of XML documents and discover knowledge from them for decision support becomes increasingly important. Due to the inherent ?exibility ofXML, in both structure and semantics, inferring important knowledge from XML data is faced with new challenges as well as bene?ts. The objective of the workshop was to bring together researchers and practitioners to discuss all aspects of the emerging XML data management challenges.
Knowledge and Networks
This book discusses a core question in many fields of the social sciences, namely how to create, share and adopt new knowledge. It creates an original space for conversation between two lines of research that have developed largely in parallel for a long time: social network theory and the geography of knowledge. This book considers that relational thinking has become increasingly important for scholars to capture societal outcomes by studying social relations and networks, whereas the role of place, space and spatial scales has been somewhat neglected outside an emergent geography of knowledge.
Kidney Diseases
Kidney diseases is a “hidden epidemic” affecting 850 million people worldwide. It occurs when the kidneys become damaged and can’t perform their function. Damage may be caused by diabetes, high blood pressure, and various other chronic conditions. Kidney diseases can lead to other health problems, including weak bones, nerve damage, and malnutrition. There are two main types of kidney diseases: short-term (acute kidney failure) and lifelong (chronic kidney failure). If the diseases get worse over time, the kidneys may stop working completely. This means that dialysis will be required to perform the function of the kidneys or kidney transplant. Dialysis is a treatment that filters and purifies the blood using a machine. It can’t cure kidney diseases, but it can prolong the life.
Kidney complications & transplantation
Kidney diseases are worldwide public health problems with a high cost and increasing incidence. By revealing the genetic and cellular mechanism behind mammalian kidney development, better diagnostic methods and novel therapies can be expected to be developed. The mammalian kidney is a typical organ that develops on the basis of sequential and reciprocal cell and tissue interactions. Pyelonephritis, Glomerulonephritis, Kidney stones, Nephrotic syndrome, and Acute or chronic kidney failure are the most complications in the kidney kingdom, so that living kidney transplantation has become the preferred treatment for those patients who can’t have the powerful capacity of the kidney function, and here it has a very rejection risk in the first month and we can controlled in this situation with long term immunosuppressant therapy involved in the post-transplantation protocol.
Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing ; Vol. 3277 : 10th International Workshop, JSSPP 2004, New York, NY, USA, June 13, 2004, Revised Selected Papers
Contains the papers presented at the 10th Anniversary Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing. The workshop was held in New York City, on June 13, 2004, at Columbia University, in conjunction with the SIGMETRICS 2004 conference. Although it is a workshop, the papers were conference-reviewed, with the full versions being read and evaluated by at least five and usually seven members of the Program Committee. We refer to it as a workshop because of the very fast turnaround time, the intimate nature of the actual presentations, and the ability of the authors to revise their papers after getting feedback from workshop attendees. On the other hand, it was actually a conference in that the papers were accepted solely on their merits as decided upon by the Program Committee.
Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power : Democratic Resilience and the US-China Challenge
This book assesses the profound impact of Japan’s aspirations to become a great power on Japanese security, democracy and foreign relations. Rather than viewing the process of normalization and rejuvenation as two decades of remilitarization in face of rapidly changing strategic environment and domestic political circumstances, this volume contextualizes Japan’s contemporary international relations against the longer grain of Japanese historical interactions.It also submits that an improvement in Japan-China relations would enhance rather than detract Japan-US relations and that Tokyo will find that her new found automony in the US-Japan alliance would not only accord her more political respect and strategic latitude, but also allow her to ameliorate the excesses of American foreign policy adventurism, paving for her to become a truly normal great power.
Jacob Mincer : A Pioneer of Modern Labor Economics
This volume contains essays by or about Jacob Mincer who, along with Gary Becker, is a founding father of modern empirical labor economics. His methodology analyzes the economics of the working world, and his human capital model is a fundamental tool in empirical economics.
Italian Institutional Reforms : A Public Choice Perspective
Using a public choice perspective, this book explains the evolution and political and economic impact of recent changes to the Italian institutional framework. Because these changes are so numerous and broad, their implementation serves as a case study for other Western governments. Particular attention is paid to the introduction of the EURO, the reform of voting from proportional to majoritarian rule, the impact of corporatism, constraints imposed by the Maastricht Treaty, and the switch from a highly centralized government to a federal organization.
Issues in Bioinvasion Science: EEI 2003 : a Contribution to the Knowledge on Invasive Alien Species
Biological invasions are a global problem whose local impact can be of great magnitude. The prevention and minimization of the impact of invasive alien species has become a priority because of their negative impact on biodiversity, economy and public health. Issues in Bioinvasion Science contains key contributions of this conference. The themes included cut across different aspects of non-native species invasions. This volume is essential reading for anyone seeking an understanding of non-native species invasions.
Computational and Statistical Approaches to Genomics
Computational and Statistical Approaches to Genomics, 2nd Edition, aims to help researchers deal with current genomic challenges. During the three years after the publication of the first edition of this book, the computational and statistical research in genomics have become increasingly more important and indispensable for understanding cellular behavior under a variety of environmental conditions and for tackling challenging clinical problems. In the first edition, the organizational structure was: data à analysis à synthesis à application. In the second edition, the same structure remains, but the chapters that primarily focused on applications have been deleted.
Component-Based Software Testing with UML
Component-based software development regards software construction in terms of conventional engineering disciplines where the assembly of systems from readily-available prefabricated parts is the norm. Because both component-based systems themselves and the stakeholders in component-based development projects are different from traditional software systems, component-based testing also needs to deviate from traditional software testing approaches. Gross first describes the specific challenges related to component-based testing like the lack of internal knowledge of a component or the usage of a component in diverse contexts. He argues that only built-in contract testing, a test organization for component-based applications founded on building test artifacts directly into components, can prevent catastrophic failures like the one that caused the now famous ARIANE 5 crash in 1996. This book is the first comprehensive treatment of the intricacies of testing component-based software systems. With its strong modeling background, it appeals to researchers and graduate students specializing in component-based software engineering. Professionals architecting and developing component-based systems will profit from the UML-based methodology and the implementation hints based on the XUnit and JUnit frameworks.
Complexity and Artificial Markets
In recent years, agent-based simulation has become a widely accepted tool when dealing with complexity in economics and other social sciences. The contributions presented in this book apply agent-based methods to derive results from complex models related to market mechanisms, evolution, decision making, and information economics. In addition, the applicability of agent-based methods to complex problems in economics is discussed from a methodological perspective. The papers presented in this collection combine approaches from economics, finance, computer science, natural sciences, philosophy, and cognitive sciences.
