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الصفحة 30
Fecal Incontinence : Diagnosis and Treatment
Fecal incontinence is a frequent, distressing condition that has a devastating impact on patients’ lives. However, patients are typically embarrassed and reluctant to acknowledge this disability, so they relinquish the possibility of being cured and remain socially isolated. Since fecal incontinence may result from various pathophysiological situations, an accurate diagnostic work-up of each patient is fundamental. Today, a wide range of therapeutic options is available, but making the correct choice is pivotal to the successful management of this condition. This book is aimed at all physicians involved in the assessment and treatment of fecal incontinence. Its main purpose is to review the latest advances in the epidemiologic, socio-economic, psychologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of fecal incontinence, in order to establish guidelines for effective treatment.
Fatty acids
Fatty acid metabolism, including the de novo synthesis, uptake, oxidation, and derivation of fatty acids, plays several important roles at cellular and organ levels. Recent studies have identified characteristic changes in fatty acid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lungs, which implicates its dysregulation in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Here, we review the evidence for how fatty acid metabolism contributes to the development of pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on the profibrotic processes associated with specific types of lung cells, including epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts. We also summarize the potential therapeutics that target this metabolic pathway in treating IPF.
Fast software encryption ; Vol. 3557 ; 12th International Workshop, FSE 2005, Paris, France, February 21-23, 2005, Revised Selected Papers
The Fast Software Encryption 2005 Workshop was the twelfth in a series of annual workshops on symmetric cryptography, sponsored for the fourth year by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR). The workshop concentratedonallaspectsoffastprimitivesforsymmetriccryptology, including thedesign, cryptanalysisandimplementationofblockandstreamciphersaswell as hash functions and message authentication codes. The ?rst FSE workshop was held in Cambridge in 1993, followed by Leuven in 1994, Cambridge in 1996, Haifain1997, Parisin1998, Romein1999, NewYorkin2000, Yokohamain2001, Leuven in 2002, Lund in 2003, and New Delhi in 2004. This year, a total of 96 submissions were received. After an extensive review by the Program Committee, 30 submissions were accepted.
Fast software encryption ; 15th International Workshop, FSE 2008, Lausanne, Switzerland, February 10-13, 2008, Revised Selected Papers
Constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption, FSE 2008, held in Lausanne, Switzerland in February 2008.The 26 revised full papers presented together with 4 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The papers address all current aspects of fast and secure primitives for symmetric cryptology and are organized in topical sections on SHA collisions, new hash function designs, block cipher cryptanalysis, implementation aspects, hash function cryptanalysis, stream cipher cryptanalysis, security bounds, and entropy.
Facilitative glucose transporters in articular chondrocytes : Expression, distribution and functional regulation of GLUT isoforms by hypoxia, hypoxia mimetics, growth factors and pro-inflammatory Cytokines
In this multidisciplinary article we review the molecular and morphological aspects of GLUT expression and function in chondrocytes and their mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell precursors and propose key roles for these proteins in glucose sensing and metabolic regulation in cartilage.
Extreme Programming and Agile Processes in Software Engineering ; Vol.3556 ; 6th International Conference, XP 2005, Sheffield, UK, June 18-23, 2005, Proceedings
Extreme Programming has come a long way since its ?rst use in the C3 project almost 10 years ago. Agile methods have found their way into the mainstream, and at the end of last year we saw the second edition of Kent Beck’s book on Extreme Programming, containing a major refactoring of XP. This year, the 6th International Conference on Extreme Programming and Agile Processes in Software Engineering took place June 18–23 in She?eld. As in the yearsbefore, XP 2005provideda unique forum for industry and academic professionals to discuss their needs and ideas on Extreme Programming and - ile methodologies. These proceedings re?ect the activities during the conference which ranged from presentation of research papers, invited talks, posters and demonstrations, panels and activity sessions, to tutorials and workshops. - cluded are also papers from the Ph.D. and Master’s Symposium which provided a forum for young researchers to present their results and to get feedback. Asvariedastheactivities werethe topicsofthe conferencewhichcoveredthe presentationofnewandimprovedpractices,empiricalstudies,experiencereports and case studies, and last but not least the social aspects of agile methods. The papers and the activities went through a rigorous reviewing process. Each paper was reviewed by at least three Program Committee members and wasdiscussedcarefullyamongtheProgramCommittee.Of62paperssubmitted, only 22 were accepted as full papers.
Exploring Ancient Skies : An Encyclopedic Survey of Archaeoastronomy
Exploring Ancient Skies brings together the methods of archaeology and the insights of modern astronomy to explore the science of astronomy as it was practiced in various cultures prior to the invention of the telescope. The book reviews an enormous and growing body of literature on the cultures of the ancient Mediterranean, the Far East, and the New World (particularly Mesoamerica), putting the ancient astronomical materials into their archaeological and cultural contexts. The authors begin with an overview of the field and proceed to essential aspects of naked-eye astronomy, followed by an examination of specific cultures. The book concludes by taking into account the purposes of ancient astronomy: astrology, navigation, calendar regulation, and (not least) the understanding of our place and role in the universe. Skies are recreated to display critical events as they would have appeared to ancient observers - events such as the supernova of 1054, the 'lion horoscope' or the 'Star of Bethlehem.'
Experimental Algorithms ; 5th International Workshop, WEA 2006, Cala Galdana, Menorca, Spain, May 24-27, 2006, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Experimental and Efficient Algorithms, WEA 2006, held in Cala Galdana, Menorca, Spain in May 2006. The 26 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 92 submissions. The book is devoted to the design, analysis, implementation, experimental evaluation, and engineering of efficient algorithms. Among the application areas addressed are most fields applying advanced algorithmic techniques.
Exoplanets : Detection, Formation, Properties, Habitability
This edited, multi-author volume will be an invaluable introduction and reference to all key aspects in the field of exoplanet research. The reviews cover: Detection methods and properties of known exoplanets, Detection of extrasolar planets by gravitational microlensing. The formation and evolution of terrestrial planets in protoplanetary and debris disks. The brown dwarf-exoplanet connection. Formation, migration mechanisms and properties of hot Jupiters. Dynamics of multiple exoplanet systems. Doppler exoplanet surveys. Searching for exoplanets in the stellar graveyard. Formation and habitability of extra solar planets in multiple star systems. Exoplanet habitats and the possibilities for life. Moons of exoplanets: habitats for life.
Evolvable systems : From biology to hardware ; 8th International Conference, ICES 2008, Prague, Czech Republic, September 21-24, 2008. Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Evolvable Systems, ICES 2008, held in Prague, Czech Republic, in September 2008.The 28 revised full papers and 14 revised poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on evolution of analog circuits, evolution of digital circuits, hardware-software codesign and platforms for adaptive systems, evolutionary robotics, development, real-world applications, evolutionary networking, evolvable artificial neural networks, and transistor-level circuit evolution.
Evolvable systems : From biology to hardware ; 6th International Conference, ICES 2005, Sitges, Spain, September 12-14, 2005, Proceedings
The flying machines proposed by Leonardo da Vinci in the fifteenth century, the se- reproducing automata theory proposed by John von Neumann in the middle of the twentieth century and the current possibility of designing electronic and mechanical systems using evolutionary principles are all examples of the efforts made by humans to explore the mechanisms present in biological systems that permit them to tackle complex tasks. These initiatives have recently given rise to the emergent field of b- inspired systems and evolvable hardware. The inaugural workshop, Towards Evolvable Hardware, took place in Lausanne in October 1995, followed by the successive events of the International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware, held in Tsukuba (Japan) in October 1996, in Lausanne (Switzerland) in September 1998, in Edinburgh (UK) in April 2000, in Tokyo (Japan) in October 2001, and in Trondheim (Norway) in March 2003. Following the success of these past events the sixth international conference was aimed at presenting the latest developments in the field, bringing together researchers who use biologically inspired concepts to implement real systems in artificial intelligence, artificial life, robotics, VLSI design, and related domains. The sixth conference consolidated this biennial event as a reference meeting for the community involved in bio-inspired systems research. All the papers received were reviewed by at least three independent reviewers, thus guaranteeing a high-quality bundle for ICES 2005.
Evolution from Cellular to Social Scales
Evolution is a critical challenge for many areas of science, technology and development of society. The book reviews general evolutionary facts such as origin of life and evolution of the genome and clues to evolution through simple systems. Emerging areas of science such as "systems biology" and "bio-complexity" are founded on the idea that phenomena need to be understood in the context of highly interactive processes operating at different levels and on different scales. This is where physics meets complexity in nature, and where we must begin to learn about complexity if we are to understand it. Similarly, there is an increasingly urgent need to understand and predict the evolutionary behavior of highly interacting man-made systems, in areas such as communications and transport, which permeate the modern world. The same applies to the evolution of human networks such as social, political and financial systems, where technology has tended to vastly increase both the complexity and speed of interaction, which is sometimes effectively instantaneous.
Evidence-Based Orthodontics ; 2nd ed.
Offers practical strategies for professionals to incorporate EBO in their daily practices Presents brief summaries of the best evidence for a wide range of clinical topics Incorporates information from over 400 systematic reviews, listed by topic
Evidence-based Clinical Orthodontics
Takes an unbiased approach to orthodontics by systematically reviewing the relevant clinical literature and analyzing the scientific evidence to help practitioners select the most effective and efficient modes of treatment. Each chapter addresses a specific topic by summarizing the literature, critically reviewing the evidence, and offering impartial recommendations that can be adopted by clinical practitioners.
Evidence and Expertise in Nordic Education Policy : A Comparative Network Analysis
This book explores how policy makers draw on national, regional and international expertise in issuing school reform within five Nordic countries. In an era of international comparison, policy makers are expected to review best practices, learn from experiences from elsewhere, and apply international standards propelled by international organizations. The chapters draw methodologically on bibliometric data, network analysis, document analysis and expert interviews.
Evaluating competencies : Forensic assessments and instruments
As in its first edition, this book offers a conceptual model for understanding the nature of legal competencies. The model is interpreted to assist mental health professionals in designing and performing assessments for legal competencies defined in criminal and civil law, and to guide research that will improve the practice of evaluations for legal competencies. A special feature is the book's evaluative review of specialized forensic assessment instruments for each of several legal competencies. Three-fourths of the 37 instruments reviewed in the second edition are new and thus were not reviewed in the first edition.
European Tort Law 2007
The European Tort Law Yearbook provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in tort law in Europe. It contains reports on most EU Member States, as well as an overview of the developments in the field of EU law. In conclusion, a comparative summary reviews the essential aspects of all reports, which are written by scholars from the respective jurisdictions. Focusing on the year 2007, the authors critically report on important court decisions, present new legislation and provide a literature overview. In addition to the national reports, the European Tort Law 2007 Yearbook contains the opening lecture of the 7th Annual Conference on European Tort Law examining “The Development of Tort Law” as well as four essays on questions of prescription.
European Tort Law 2006
The European Tort Law Yearbook provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in tort law in Europe. It contains reports on most EU Member States, including the new Member States the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. Furthermore, the Yearbook provides contributions from Norway and Switzerland, an overview of the developments in the field of EU law as well as a paper on Romanian tort law. In conclusion, a comparative summary reviews the essential aspects of all reports.
European Tort Law 2005
The European Tort Law Yearbook provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in tort law in Europe. It contains reports on the developments in most EU Member States, including the new Member States the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia - as well as Norway and Switzerland. Furthermore, an overview of the developments in the field of EU law is provided. In conclusion, a comparative report reviews the essential aspects of all reports. The reports are written by scholars from the respective jurisdictions. Focusing on the year 2005, the authors critically report on important court decisions, present new legislation and provide a literature overview.
European Tort Law 2004
The European Tort Law Yearbook provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in tort law in Europe. It contains reports on the developments in most EU Member States, including the new Member States the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia – as well as Norway and Switzerland. Furthermore, an overview of the developments in the field of EU law is provided. In conclusion, a comparative report reviews the essential aspects of all reports. The reports are written by scholars from the respective jurisdictions. Focusing on the year 2004, the authors critically report on important court decisions, present new legislation and provide a literature overview. In addition to the national reports, several essays on key topics in the field of tort law are included, most of which focus on questions of strict liability.
