الصفحة 3
الصفحة 3
Good pharmacovigilance practice (GVP) : Focus on risk mangement plan (RMP)
Pharmacovigilance which is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse drug reactions or any other possible drug related problems and Risk Management Strategies which provides a structured and coherent approach to identifying, assessing and managing risk and builds in a process for regularly updating and reviewing the assessment based on new developments or actions taken, conference provides the foundation for strong strategic planning and practical decision-making in pharmacovigilance programs. Stakeholders from medicines research, global regulation, and healthcare will join together to analyse the challenges for safety and pharmacovigilance efforts in this uncertain environment and examine effective strategies for addressing gaps and needs.
Fundamentals of nanoscale film analysis
The book describes the fundamentals of materials characterization from the standpoint of the incident photons or particles which interrogate nanoscale structures. These induced reactions lead to the emission of a variety of detected of particles and photons. It is the energy and intensity of the detected beams that is the basis of the characterization of the materials. The array of experimental techniques used in nanoscale materials analysis covers a wide range of incident particle and detected beam interactions.
Fundamentals in Nuclear Physics : From Nuclear Structure to Cosmology
Explores nuclear physics and its applications ranging from the structure of nuclei and their reactions, to astrophysics and cosmology. The physics is introduced with arguments based on simple ideas such as the empirical structure of nuclear forces and its interplay with the Pauli principle and Coulomb repulsion. The book then develops elementary nuclear models and illustrates nuclear systematics with experimental data. Reactions and decays are discussed both phenomenologically and from the point of view of fundamental electro-weak interaction theory. The discussions of fission and fusion emphasize nuclear energy production. This leads directly into nuclear astrophysics and nucleosynthesis. The book ends with a presentation of the latest ideas about cosmology. As a primer this course will lay the foundations for more specialized subjects within the vast domain of nuclear physics as a whole. This book emerged from a series of topical courses the authors delivered at the Ecole Polytechnique and will be useful for advanced undergraduates and for scientists in a variety of fields.
Fuel Oxygenates
purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistrytherefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occurring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Envir- mental Chemistry. We have now synthesized and described over ?ve million chemical compounds and chemical industry produces about hundred and ?fty million tons of synthetic chemicals annually. We ship billions of tons of oil per year and through mining operations and other geophysical modi?cations, large quantities of inorganic and organic materials are released from their natural deposits.
Fuel Cells : From Fundamentals to Applications
Fuel Cells: Fundamentals to Applications is a concise source of the basic electrochemical principles and engineering aspects involved in the development and commercialization of fuel cells. It describes the applications and techno-economic assessment of fuel cell technologies along with an in-depth discussion of conventional and novel approaches pursued for generating energy. This book is divided into four parts. Parts I and II explain basic and applied electrochemistry relevant to an understanding of fuel cells. Part III covers engineering and technology aspects and Part IV, applications and economics. The first part covers, in detail, the electrode kinetics and electrocatalysis of charge-transfer reactions, and leading electrochemical technologies with focus on relevance to fuel cells. The second part addresses the governing principles of fuel cells, electrocatalysis of fuel cell reactions and experimental techniques pertinent to fuel cell research and development. The third part is devoted to modeling of fuel cell systems and a thorough discussion of fuels, fuel processing and fuel storage, transmission, and distribution. The final part deals with the status of the fuel cell technologies, their applications and economics.
Fruit Manufacturing : Scientific Basis, Engineering Properties, and Deteriorative Reactions of Technological Importance
The fruit processing industry is a major global business. While basic principles of fruit processing have shown only minor changes over the last years, major improvements continually occur. More efficient equipment is capable of converting huge quantities of fruits into pulp, juice, dehydrated, frozen and refrigerated products, etc. that make possible the preservation of products for year-round consumption. Fruit processing and storage involve physical and chemical changes that negatively modify fruit quality. The industry’s ability to provide a nutritious and healthful fruit product to the consumer is highly dependent on the knowledge of the quality modifications that occur during the processing.
Fractional-in-time semilinear parabolic equations and applications
This book provides a unified analysis and scheme for the existence and uniqueness of strong and mild solutions to certain fractional kinetic equations. This class of equations is characterized by the presence of a nonlinear time-dependent source, generally of arbitrary growth in the unknown function, a time derivative in the sense of Caputo and the presence of a large class of diffusion operators. The global regularity problem is then treated separately and the analysis is extended to some systems of fractional kinetic equations, including prey-predator models of Volterra–Lotka type and chemical reactions models, all of them possibly containing some fractional kinetics.
Formal Methods in Systems Biology ; 1st International Workshop, FMSB 2008, Cambridge, UK, June 4-5, 2008. Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on Formal Methods in Systems Biology, FMSB 2008, held in Cambridge, UK, in June, 2008.The 9 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the workshop lectures that all were invited contributions. The purpose of this meeting was to identify techniques for the specification, development and verification of biological models. It also focused on the design of tools to execute and analyze biological models that can significantly advance our understanding of biological systems.
Flavin-Based Catalysis : Principles and Applications
The book gives a unique overview of this rapidly developing research field, presenting structures and properties of flavin derivatives as well as their proven application as bioinspired catalysts in various organocatalytic, biocatalytic, and photocatalytic reactions.
Fitofarmacovigilanza : Vigilanza sulla sicurezza dei prodotti fitoterapici = Phytopharmacovigilance: Monitoring the safety of phytotherapeutic products
The use of herbal medicines is now widespread in large sections of the population to solve both acute and chronic problems, both trivial and very serious, and for health purposes. We know that phytotherapics can be obtained without a prescription, and that they are found, as well as in pharmacies, also in herbal medicine and supermarkets as food supplements. It is therefore essential to monitor the safety of these products through phytopharmacovigilance, which requires in-depth knowledge about the nature of the phytotherapic, its chemical components and the way in which it was prepared and used. Doctors, pharmacists, herbalists, and consumers themselves will find in this manual useful information on adverse reactions (ADRs) from herbal medicines; the industries of the herbal sector, and above all the legislator and the bodies responsible for control, will find incentives to improve the safety of use of these natural drugs.
Finding Lost Space : Theories of Urban Design
Offers a comprehensive and systematic examination of the crisis of the contemporary city and the means by which this crisis can be addressed. Finding Lost Space traces leading urban spatial design theories that have emerged over the past eighty years: the principles of Sitte and Howard; the impact of and reactions to the Functionalist movement; and designs developed by Team 10, Robert Venturi, the Krier brothers, and Fumihiko Maki, to name a few. In addition to discussions of historic precedents, contemporary approaches to urban spatial design are explored.
Fast Reactions in Energetic Materials : High-Temperature Decomposition of Rocket Propellants and Explosives
Modern energetic materials include explosives, blasting powders, pyrotechnic m- tures and rocket propellants [1, 2]. The study of high-temperature decomposition of condensed phases of propellants and their components (liquid, solid and hybrid) is currently of special importance for the development of space-system engineering [3, 4]. To better understand the burning mechanisms (stationary, nonstationary, - steady) of composite solid propellants and their components, information about the macrokinetics of their high-temperature decomposition is required [5]. To be able to evaluate the ignition parameters and conditions of safe handling of heat-affected explosives, one needs to know the kinetic constants of their high-temperature - composition. The development of new composite solid propellants characterized by high performance characteristics (high burning rates, high thermal stability, stability to intrachamber perturbations, and other aspects) is not possible without quanti- tive data on the high-temperature decomposition of composite solid propellants and their components [6].
Enzymes and drugs
Enzyme dysfunction, an essential catalyst for the smooth running of biochemical reactions and the maintenance of vital processes, is at the root of many pathologies that have paved the way for the development of numerous drugs. Aimed at pharmacists, biologists, biochemists, doctors, veterinarians, medicinal chemists and students from a wide range of disciplines, Enzymes and Drugs brings together, for the first time, extensive documentation highlighting the relationships between a large number of drugs and enzymes. The book also highlights new prospects for therapeutic discoveries offered by enzyme targeting. Numerous applications have been developed thanks to strategies for studying enzyme inhibition or activation, as well as the development of allosteric effectors, presented with their advantages and disadvantages. Various rare diseases, known as "orphan" diseases, have resulted from enzyme deficiency or absence. For their treatment, the introduction of substitute enzymes has led to major therapeutic advances.
Enzyme-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polymers
New polymers have been developed and "old" polymers have been generated using novel synthetic strategies. This book contains seven chapters that cover in great deatail the use of enzymes to synthesize a range of polymers. It also makes use of a large number of examples to summarize the salient features of the enzymatic reactions and resulting polymeric properties.
Enzyme Biocatalysis : Principles and Applications
This book was written with the purpose of providing a sound basis for the design of enzymatic reactions based on kinetic principles, but also to give an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of biocatalysis, especially with respect to recent app- cations in processes of organic synthesis. The ?rst ?ve chapters are structured in the form of a textbook, going from the basic principles of enzyme structure and fu- tion to reactor design for homogeneous systems with soluble enzymes and hete- geneous systems with immobilized enzymes. The last chapter of the book is divided into six sections that represent illustrative case studies of biocatalytic processes of industrial relevance or potential, written by experts in the respective ?elds.
Environmental Photochemistry ; Part II
Photochemical reactions play a major role in the environment including a wide range of reactions in the atmosphere, natural waters, soil and living organisms. This new volume on Environmental Photochemistry up-dates the previous edition with chapters on basic aspects including concepts of photochemical transformations and mechanistic photochemical processes in the atmosphere and water. In addition a range of applications are also detailed such as advanced photochemical oxidation processes for water and air treatment as well as applications of photocatalysis for surface treatment and nuclear fuel reprocessing. The new edition provides a critical up to date overview of the most important research in the field of environmental photochemistry.
Environmental Chemistry : Green Chemistry and Pollutants in Ecosystems
Environmental chemistry is a new, fast developing science aimed at deciphering fundamental mechanisms ruling the behaviour of pollutants in ecosystems. Applying this knowledge to current environmental issues leads to the remediation of environmental media, and to new, low energy, low emission, sustainable processes. This book describes the state-of-the-art advances regarding the pollution of water, soils, atmosphere, food and living organisms by toxic metals, fossil fuels, pesticides and other organic pollutants. Furthermore, the eco-toxicology section presents novel bio-assays to assess the toxicity of various pollutants such as dioxins and endocrine disrupters within complex media. The green chemistry section highlights novel chemical reactions based upon environmentally friendly conditions. The analytical chemistry section describes very sensitive methods which trace the fate of pollutants in complex ecosystems.
Entropy and Energy : A Universal Competition
Entropy and Energy- a Universal Competition" is a students textbook as well as a scientific monograph. The concepts of entropy and energy embody the effects of random walk in a body and of deterministic strife respectively, and are therefore often in competition. The book gives instructive examples from elementary thermodynamics and physico-chemistry and extrapolates the notion to non-standard thermodynamic subjects like shape memory, dissipation of the earth's atmosphere, and sociology
Electrostatic Accelerators : Fundamentals and Applications
Electrostatic accelerators are an important and widespread subgroup within the broad spectrum of modern, large particle acceleration devices. They are specifically designed for applications that require high-quality ion beams in terms of energy stability and emittance at comparatively low energies (a few MeV). Their ability to accelerate virtually any kind of ion over a continuously tunable range of energies make them a highly versatile tool for investigations in many research fields including, but not limited to, atomic and nuclear spectroscopy, heavy ion reactions, accelerator mass spectroscopy as well as ion-beam analysis and modification. The book is divided into three parts. The first part concisely introduces the field of accelerator technology and techniques that emphasize their major modern applications. The second part treats the electrostatic accelerator per se: its construction and operational principles as well as its maintenance. The third part covers all relevant applications in which electrostatic accelerators are the preferred tool for accelerator-based investigations. Since some topics are common to all types of accelerators, Electrostatic Accelerators will also be of value those more familiar with other types of accelerators.
Electrochemistry of Immobilized Particles and Droplets
Immobilizing particles or droplets on electrodes is a novel and most powerful technique for studying the electrochemical reactions of three-phase systems. It gives access to a wealth of information, ranging from quantitative and phase analysis to thermodynamic and kinetic data of electrode processes. Three-phase electrodes with immobilized droplets provide information on the electrochemistry of redox liquids and of compounds dissolved in inert organic liquids. Such measurements allow the determination of the Gibbs energies of the transfer of cations and anions between immiscible solvents, and thus make it possible to assess the hydrophobicity of ions – a property that is of great importance for pharmaceutical applications, biological studies, and for many fields of chemistry.The monograph gives, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the results published in more than 300 papers over the last 15 years. The experiments are explained in detail, applications from many different fields are presented, and the theoretical basis of the systems is outlined.
