الصفحة 3
الصفحة 3
New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics V ; Contributions to the 14th STAB/DGLR Symposium Bremen, Germany 2004
This volume contains the contributions to the 14. Symposium of the STAB (German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association). The volume gives a broad overview over the ongoing work in this field in Germany, with the topics being high-aspect ratio wings, low aspect-ratio wings, bluff bodies, laminar flow control and transition, active flow control, hypersonic flows, aeroelasticity, aeroacoustics, mathematical fundamentals/ numerical simulation, physical fundamentals, and facilities.
New Paradigm for Re-engineering Education : Globalization, Localization and Individualization
In response to the challenges of globalization and local development, educational reforms are inevitably becoming one of the major trends in the Asia-Pacific Region or other parts of the world. Based on the most recent research and international observations, this book aims to present a new paradigm including various new concepts, frameworks and theories for reengineering education. It can provide educators, school leaders and practitioners, educational officials, change agents, researchers, and policy-makers with a comprehensive new perspective to implement educational reforms, enhance leadership, and change school management in a context of globalization, localization and individualization.
New Methodologies and Techniques for a Sustainable Organic Chemistry
Chemical industries have to face the big challenge of finding adequate processes to produce large quantities of new products for which there is a present need, decreasing at the same time both the impact on the environment and the risk of disasters. These issues have led to the establishment of new concepts of sustainable development as affirmed in the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development in the early 90’s and has been the subject of intensive studies in the last two decades. The book addresses this challenge collecting the recent “New Methodologies and Techniques for a Sustainable Organic Chemistry”.
New Introduction to Multiple Time Series Analysis
This reference work and graduate level textbook considers a wide range of models and methods for analyzing and forecasting multiple time series. The models covered include vector autoregressive, cointegrated,vector autoregressive moving average, multivariate ARCH and periodic processes as well as dynamic simultaneous equations and state space models. Least squares, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods are considered for estimating these models. Different procedures for model selection and model specification are treated and a wide range of tests and criteria for model checking are introduced. Causality analysis, impulse response analysis and innovation accounting are presented as tools for structural analysis. The book is accessible to graduate students in business and economics. In addition, multiple time series courses in other fields such as statistics and engineering may be based on it. Applied researchers involved in analyzing multiple time series may benefit from the book as it provides the background and tools for their tasks. It bridges the gap to the difficult technical literature on the topic.
New Frontiers in Environmental and Social Labeling
The attractiveness of product labeling stems from their voluntary nature to achieve environmental and social goals. It is argued that through product price premia which reflect the willingness of consumers to pay more for green and socially conscious products, labels have the potential to generate changes in production techniques. In addition, labeling of products has become the preferred instrument for solving high profile trade disputes amongst members of the World Trade Organization. The contributions in this volume provide an indepth look at labeling and its relation to the governance of global trade. The book aims at bridging the research gaps related to the link between consumers’ perception of a label with their willingness to pay, the impact and the limitations of labeling in the event of food safety hazards, and the trade and development dimensions of labeling.
New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence ; JSAI 2007 Conference and Workshops, Miyazaki, Japan, June 18-22, 2007, Revised Selected Papers
The technology of artifcial intelligence is increasing its importance thanks to the rapid growth of the Internet and computer technology. In Japan, the annual conference series of JSAI (The Japanese Society for Arti?cial Intelligence) has been playing a leading role in promoting AI research, and selected papers of the annual conferences have been published in the LNAI series since 2003. This book consists of award papers from the 21st annual conference of JSAI (JSAI 2007) and selected papers from the four co-located workshops.
New Forms of Governance in Research Organizations : Disciplinary Approaches, Interfaces and Integration
This book undertakes to develop a sector specific theory of governance of the public research sector and applies it to the German research system. The book is the outcome of a large interdisciplinary project. It analyzes the reforms in the German research system from an integrated perspective of law, economics and social sciences. First, we pose the question how external competition and control mechanisms do influence internal governance of research institutions and universities and vice versa. Second, we discuss the consequences of these impacts on research.
New Directions in Cognitive Information Retrieval
New Directions in Cognitive Information Retrieval presents an exciting new direction for research into cognitive oriented information retrieval (IR) research, a direction based on an analysis of the user’s problem situation and cognitive behavior when using the IR system. This contrasts with the current dominant IR research paradigm which concentrates on improving IR system matching performance. The chapters describe the leading edge concepts and models of cognitive IR that explore the nexus between human cognition, information and the social conditions that drive humans to seek information using IR systems. Chapter topics include: Polyrepresentation, cognitive overlap and the boomerang effect, Multitasking while conducting the search, Knowledge Diagram Visualizations of the topic space to facilitate user assimilation of information, Task, relevance, selection state, knowledge need and knowledge behavior, search training built into the search, children’s collaboration for school projects, and other cognitive perspectives on IR concepts and issues.
New Carbon Based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems : Batteries, Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells
This NATO-ARW volume contains a diverse collection of papers addressing the role of carbon in some key electrochemical systems, both conventional and emerging. These papers discuss the latest issues associated with development, synthesis, characterization and use of new advanced carbonaceous materials for electrochemical energy storage. Such systems include: metal-air primary and rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, cathodes and anodes of lithium-ion and lithium polymer rechargeable batteries, as well as nanocarbon materials of the future.
New Approaches to Circle Packing in a Square : With Program Codes
This book summarizes results achieved in solving the circle packing problem over the past few years, providing the reader with a comprehensive view of both theoretical and computational achievements. Typically illustrations of problem solutions are shown, elegantly displaying the results obtained.Beyond the theoretically challenging character of the problem, the solution methods developed in the book also have many practical applications. Direct applications include cutting out congruent two-dimensional objects from an expensive material, or locating points within a square in such a way that the shortest distance between them is maximal.
Neutron Stars 1 : Equation of State and Structure
The book gives an extended review of theoretical and observational aspects of neutron star physics. With masses comparable to that of the Sun and radii of about ten kilometres, neutron stars are the densest stars in the Universe. This book describes all layers of neutron stars, from the surface to the core, with the emphasis on their structure and equation of state.
Neutron Spin Echo in Polymer Systems
Neutron spin echo spectroscopy (NSE) provides the unique opportunity to unravel the molecular dynamics of polymer chains in space and time, covering most of the relevant length and time scales. This article reviews in a comprehensive form recent advances in the application of NSE to problems in polymer physics and describes in terms of examples expected future trends. The review commences with a description of NSE covering both the generic longitudinal field set-up as well as the resonance technique. Then, NSE results for homopolymers chains are presented, covering all length scales from the very local secondary J3-relaxation to large scale reptation. This overview is the core of the review. Thereafter the dynamics of more complex systems is addressed. Starting from polymer blends, diblock copolymers, gels, micelles, stars and dendrirners, rubbery electrolytes and biological macromolecules are discussed. Wherever possible the review relates the NSE findings to the results of other techniques, in particular emphasizing computer simulations.
Neutrinos and Explosive Events in the Universe
“Neutrinos and Explosive Events in the Universe” brought together experts from diverse disciplines to offer a detailed view of the exciting new work in this part of High Energy Astrophysics. Sponsored by NATO as an Advanced Study Institute, and coordinated under the auspices of the International School of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics (14th biennial course), the ASI featured a full program of lectures and discussion in the ambiance of the Ettore Majorana Centre in Erice, Italy, including visits to the local Dirac and Chalonge museum collections as well as a view of the cultural heritage of southern Sicily. Enri- ment presentations on results from the Spitzer Infrared Space Telescope and the Origin of Complexity complemented the program. This course was the best attended in the almost 30 year history of the School with 121 participants from 22 countries. The program provided a rich ex- rience, both introductory and advanced, to fascinating areas of observational Astrophysics Neutrino Astronomy, High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy, P- ticle Astrophysics and the objects most likely responsible for the signals - plosions and related phenomena, ranging from Supernovae to Black Holes to the Big Bang. Contained in this NATO Science Series volume is a summative formulation of the physics and astrophysics of this newly emerging research area that already has been, and will continue to be, an important contributor to understanding our high energy universe.
Neuronal Input Pathways to the Brains Biological Clock and their Functional Significance
Circadian rhythms are entrained daily by environmental photic and non-photic cues. The present review describes the anatomy and functional characteristics of the three major input pathways to the circadian clock mediating entrainment, the retino-hypothalamic tract (RHT), the geniculo-hypothalamic tract (GHT) and the midbrain raphe projection.
Neural Information Processing ; Vol. 4234 ; 13th International Conference, ICONIP 2006, Hong Kong, China, October 3-6, 2006, Proceedings, Part III
This book and its companion volumes constitute the Proceedings of the 13th - ternationalConferenceonNeuralInformationProcessing(ICONIP2006)heldin Hong Kong during October 3–6,2006. ICONIP is the annual ?agship conference oftheAsiaPaci?cNeuralNetworkAssembly(APNNA)withthepasteventsheld in Seoul (1994), Beijing (1995), Hong Kong (1996), Dunedin (1997), Kitakyushu (1998), Perth(1999), Taejon(2000), Shanghai(2001), Singapore(2002), Istanbul (2003), Calcutta(2004), andTaipei(2005). Overtheyears, ICONIPhasmatured into a well-established series of international conference on neural information processing and related ?elds in the Asia and Paci?cregions. Following the tra- tion, ICONIP 2006 provided an academic forum for the participants to diss- inate their new research ?ndings and discuss emerging areas of research.
Neural Information Processing ; Vol. 4232 ; 13th International Conference, ICONIP 2006, Hong Kong, China, October 3-6, 2006, Proceedings, Part I
This book and its companion volumes constitute the Proceedings of the 13th - ternationalConferenceonNeuralInformationProcessing(ICONIP2006)heldin Hong Kong during October 3–6,2006. ICONIP is the annual ?agship conference oftheAsiaPaci?cNeuralNetworkAssembly(APNNA)withthepasteventsheld in Seoul (1994), Beijing (1995), Hong Kong (1996), Dunedin (1997), Kitakyushu (1998), Perth(1999), Taejon(2000), Shanghai(2001), Singapore(2002), Istanbul (2003), Calcutta(2004), andTaipei(2005). Overtheyears, ICONIPhasmatured into a well-established series of international conference on neural information processing and related ?elds in the Asia and Paci?cregions. Following the tra- tion, ICONIP 2006 provided an academic forum for the participants to diss- inate their new research ?ndings and discuss emerging areas of research.
Network-Centric Service-Oriented Enterprise
Network-Centric Service-Oriented Enterprise (NSCOE) is seen as heralding the next generation of mainstream Enterprise-business information collaboration solution that can enforce information and decision superiority in the decentralized, loosely-coupled, and highly interoperable service environments. Network-Centric Service Oriented Enterprise establishes a system-of-systems (SoS) view of information technologies, offering a synergistic combination of data and information-processing capacity upon an innovative networked-management framework.
Network Control and Optimization ; 1st EuroFGI International Conference, NET-COOP 2007, Avignon, France, June 5-7, 2007, Proceedings
This volume 4465 of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series is a coll- tion of the papers of the NET-COOP 2007. This conference aims at developing research on control and op- mization of the Internet, ranging from performance evaluation and optimization of general stochastic networks to more speci?c targets such as lower-layer fu- tionalities in mobile networks, routing for computational grids, game theoretic approaches to access control, cooperation, competition and adversary capacities in diverse environments.
Nectaries and Nectar
This book is a modern and interdisciplinary text on nectar and nectaries, prompted by the expansion of knowledge, especially in the more ecological and now molecular fields, and the strong recent interest in pollination biology.
Nearest Neighbor Search : A Database Perspective
Modern applications are both data and computationally intensive and require the storage and manipulation of voluminous traditional (alphanumeric) and nontraditional data sets (images, text, geometric objects, time-series). Examples of such emerging application domains are: Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Multimedia Information Systems, CAD/CAM, Time-Series Analysis, Medical Information Sstems, On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP), and Data Mining. These applications pose diverse requirements with respect to the information and the operations that need to be supported. From the database perspective, new techniques and tools therefore need to be developed towards increased processing efficiency. This monograph explores the way spatial database management systems aim at supporting queries that involve the space characteristics of the underlying data, and discusses query processing techniques for nearest neighbor queries. It provides both basic concepts and state-of-the-art results in spatial databases and parallel processing research, and studies numerous applications of nearest neighbor queries.
