الصفحة 3
الصفحة 3
Understanding Multimedia Documents
Understanding Multimedia Documents deals with issues of great interest to an expanding community of multimedia designers and professional users, such as teachers and information workers. Multimedia documents are increasingly used to communicate knowledge in the mass media and educational contexts. In order to improve their practice, designers, teachers, and other professionals interested in the use of multimedia documents must be aware of how multimedia documents impact students' perception, comprehension and use of information.
Understanding Industrial Transformation : Views from Different Disciplines
A scientist can only come to a partial understanding of industrial transformation processes. This is so not only because of the vastness of the topic, but because of the inherent limitations of each scientific discipline. The common ground, which scientists of different disciplines may endeavour to find when approaching some problem, is often slight. A scientist entering such grounds runs the risk of getting lost, losing understanding and only catc+I1189hing the loose tail mentioned above. Secondly, sciences, to make a difference, must impress their importance upon the public and convince scientific and policy institutions in order to obtain the means to carry out their mission.
Understanding Fluorescein Angiography, Fluoreszeinangiografie verstehen, Entendiendo Angiografía con Fluoresceína
Deals with the morphological prerequisites and structural changes on which the individual phenomena are based. This knowledge provides the retina specialist, the general ophthalmologist, and the basic scientist alike with valuable information toward understanding the nature and mechanism of the underlying disorders. The book represents a unique mixture of textbook and atlas, always combining concise statements in English, German, and Spanish on one page with didactically conceived explanatory illustrations on the facing page.
Understanding and Using Linear Programming
An introductory textbook of linear programming, written mainly for students of computer science and mathematics. Our guiding phrase is, "what every theoretical computer scientist should know about linear programming". The book is relatively concise, in order to allow the reader to focus on the basic ideas. For a number of topics commonly appearing in thicker books on the subject, we were seriously tempted to add them to the main text, but we decided to present them only very brie?y in a separate glossary. At the same time, we aim at covering the main results with complete proofs and in su?cient detail, in a way ready for presentation in class. One of the main focuses is applications of linear programming, both in practice and in theory.
Unconventional Superconductors : Experimental Investigation of the Order-Parameter Symmetry
Offers a comprehensive summary of experiments that are especially suited to reveal the order-parameter symmetry of unconventional superconductors. It briefly introduces readers to the basic theoretical concepts and terms of unconventional superconductivity, followed by a detailed overview of experimental techniques and results investigating the superconducting energy gap and phase, plus the pairing symmetry. This review includes measurements of specific heat, thermal conductivity, penetration depth and nuclearmagnetic resonance and muon-spin rotation experiments. Further, point-contact and tunnelling spectroscopy and Josephson experiments are addressed.
Uncertainty, Rationality, and Agency
This book is about Rational Agents, which can be humans, players in a game, software programs or institutions. Typically, such agents are uncertain about the state of affairs or the state of other agents, and under this partial information they have to decide on which action to take next. This book collects chapters that give formal accounts not only of Uncertainty, Rationality and Agency, but also of their interaction: what are rational criteria to accept certain beliefs, or to modify them; how can degrees of beliefs guide an agent in making decisions; why distinguish between practical and epistemic rationality when agents try to coordinate; what must be common beliefs between agents about each other's rationality in order to act rationally themselves; can an agent assign probabilities to planned actions; how to formalise assumptions about a rational speaker in a conversation obeying Gricean maxims.
UMTS Radio Network Planning : Mastering Cell Coupling for Capacity Optimization
Interference determines the performance of UMTS radio networks. In order to provide good coverage and high capacity, network operators need to control the effects and dynamics of interference coupling among users and cells. This is a major challenge in planning and optimizing UMTS radio networks. In this book establishes a concise system model, which describes interference coupling and its impact on the network. The system model enables an efficient analysis of radio network performance. It is also the basis for new automatic planning algorithms. Extensive computational experiments on realistic data demonstrate that the presented evaluation and optimization methods are well-suited tools for use in practice.
Ultrasound of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Transabdominal ultrasound has become accepted in clinical practice as a primary imaging procedure in the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of various disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the use of ultrasound in the imaging of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract as well as of neoplastic and infectious diseases. The specific ultrasound features of gastrointestinal disorders are explained, and the value and limits of ultrasound are discussed. Each chapter provides a description of the findings obtained with ultrasound imaging, with inclusion of alternative diagnostic imaging methods for comparative purposes. Specific technical developments and applications of ultrasound relevant to studies of the gastrointestinal tract, such as functional and 3D ultrasound, contrast agents and operative ultrasound, are also discussed.
Ultrascale Computing Systems
The needs of future digital data and computer systems are expected to be two to three orders of magnitude larger than for today's systems, to take account of unprecedented amounts of heterogeneous hardware, lines of source code, numbers of users, and volumes of data. Ultrascale computing systems (UCS) are a solution. Envisioned as large-scale complex systems joining parallel and distributed computing systems, which can be located at multiple sites and cooperate to provide the required resources and performance to the users, these technologies will extend individual systems to provide the resources that are very much needed.
Types for Proofs and Programs ; International Workshop, TYPES 2006, Nottingham, UK, April 18-21, 2006, Revised Selected Papers
The 17 papers address all current issues in formal reasoning and computer programming based on type theory, including languages and computerized tools for reasoning
Types for Proofs and Programs ; International Conference, TYPES 2007, Cividale des Friuli, Italy, May 2-5, 2007 Revised Selected Papers
The topic of this book was formal reasoning and computer programming based on type theory. Great importance was attached to languages and computerized tools for reasoning, and applications in several domains such as analysis of programming languages, certified software, formalization of mathematics and mathematics
Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications ; 8th International Conference, TLCA 2007, Paris, France, June 26-28, 2007, Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications, TLCA 2007, held in Paris, France in June 2007 in conjunction with RTA 2007, the 18th International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications as part of RDP 2007, the 4th International Conference on Rewriting, Deduction, and Programming. The 25 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions. The papers present original research results that are broadly relevant to the theory and applications of typed calculi and address a wide variety of topics such as proof-theory, semantics, implementation, types, and programming.
Type-2 Fuzzy Logic : Theory and Applications
Describes new methods for building intelligent systems using type-2 fuzzy logic and soft computing techniques. Soft Computing (SC) consists of several computing paradigms, including type-1 fuzzy logic, neural networks, and genetic algorithms, which can be used to create powerful hybrid intelligent systems. The authors extends the use of fuzzy logic to a higher order, which is called type-2 fuzzy logic. Combining type-2 fuzzy logic with traditional SC techniques, we can build powerful hybrid intelligent systems that can use the advantages that each technique offers. We consider in this book the use of type-2 fuzzy logic and traditional SC techniques to solve pattern recognition problems in realworld applications.
Twelve-Lead Electrocardiography : Theory and Interpretation
There are two components to the complete interpretation of an electrocardiogram (ECG): analysis of the rhythm of the ECG waveforms which are the electrical manifestation of cardiac activity; and analysis of the shape (morphology) of the waveforms in order to diagnose many conditions not related to rhythm. Twelve Lead Electrocardiography: Interpretation and Theory deals solely with this second component, and is aimed at students who already have a familiarity with the analysis of heart rhythms. Twelve Lead Electrocardiography for ACLS Providers describes a set of discrete building blocks of easily understood electrophysiologic principals, and then allows the reader to deduce what the 12 lead electrocardiogram will look like under various circumstances. There is no memorizing patterns. Instead emphasis is on understanding and deduction.
Trust Management ; Vol. 3477 ; 3rd International Conference, iTrust 2005, Paris, France, May 23-26, 2005, Proceedings
The purpose of the iTrust working group is to provide a forum for cro- disciplinary investigation of the applications of trust as a means of increasing security, building con?dence and facilitating collaboration in dynamic open s- tems. The notion of trust has been studied independently by di?erent academic disciplines, which has helped us to identify and understand di?erent aspects of trust. Theaimofthisconferencewastoprovideacommonforum,bringingtogether researchers from di?erent academic branches, such as the technology-oriented disciplines, law, social sciences and philosophy, in order to develop a deeper and more fundamental understanding of the issues and challenges in the area of trust management in dynamic open systems.
Trends in Supply Chain Design and Management : Technologies and Methodologies
With the rapid development of information and network technologies and market requirements, new challenges in supply chain design and management have emerged. Notably, there are four new technologies which can affect traditional supply chain management: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology; mobile transaction technology; information handling and storage technology; and multi-agent technology. These new technologies enable global companies to change their ways of thinking about supply chain management in order to cope with the changing environment. In line with this rapid development of technologies are new challenging methodologies: sustainable supply chain management, advanced supply chain planning, available-to-promise (ATP) system and lean supply chain design and management.
Trends and challenges in robotic applications
Research performed on robotic applications has significantly expanded in the last decade, and currently, robotic systems are being utilized for many purposes. To achieve this generalized application of robots, researchers have endeavoured to study a wide variety of methods and algorithms in order to properly employ robotic systems in many real-life scenarios. At present, many types of robotic platforms are being employed in various applications, e.g., dual-arm robots, parallel robots, mobile robots, humanoid robots, aerial robots, underwater robots, and micro/nano robots. Moreover, some theoretical tools are specially being used to obtain correct robot performance, e.g., machine learning, artificial intelligence, multi-agent systems, and control and planning theory. The purpose of this reprint is to exhibit the current state of robotic applications. In particular, in addition to introducing novel theories and methods, this reprint is particularly focused on the application of robotic systems in real-life situations.
Treating Trichotillomania : Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Hairpulling and Related Problems
Trichotillomania has been described in the literature for at least a hundred years, but has only in the past decade received serious clinical attention. Although now a "higher profile" disorder, there is still scant clinical information on trichotillomania. A full-length cognitive-behavioral treatment manual, Treating Trichotillomania (TTM) fills that need. Designing the book for maximum usefulness, authors Franklin and Tolin share their considerable expertise in treating body-focused repetitive behavior disorders (not only hair-pulling but skin-picking and nail-biting as well) in an accessible, clinically valid reference. Treating Trichotillomania carefully defines TTM, differentiating the disorder from other conditions such as OCD, reviewing the varied clinical forms it can take, and setting out its diagnostic criteria.
Treating Health Anxiety and Fear of Death : A Practitioner's Guide
Never has our culture been more aware of personal and global health hazards, from both within and without. While most people may feel some anxiety in this regard, some have an unbearable sense of dread that prevents them from functioning. Chronic health anxiety—heightened fears of illness, disease, and death—is a central feature of hypochondriasis, of course, but can also present as depression, generalized anxiety disorder, OCD, and other diagnoses. Treating Health Anxiety offers the professional reader not only an understanding of this condition, but also an easily implemented cognitive behavioral program for reducing fear of illness, overcoming fear of death, and getting more enjoyment from life.
Travel Writings on Asia : Curiosity, Identities, and Knowledge Across the East, c. 1200 to the Present
The book provides an analysis of human actors and their capacity to explore and conceptualise their own agency by being curious, gathering knowledge, and shaping identities in their travel reflections on Asia. Thus, the actors open windows across time to present a profound overview of diverse descriptions and constructions of Asia. The authors demonstrate that international and transnational history contributes to and benefits from analyses of national and local contexts that in turn enrich our understanding of transcultural encounters and experiences across time. The book proposes an actor-centred contextual approach to travel writing to recount meaningful constructions of Asia’s physical, political and spiritual landscapes. It offers comparative reflections on the patterns of encounter across Eurasia, where from the late medieval period an idea of civilisation was transculturally shared yet also constantly questioned and reframed. Tailored for academic and public discussions alike, this volume will be invaluable for both scholars of Global History and interested audiences to stimulate further discussions on the nature of global encounters in Asia
