الصفحة 28
الصفحة 28
Computational Discovery of Scientific Knowledge : Introduction, Techniques, and Applications in Environmental and Life Sciences
Advances in technology have enabled the collection of data from scientific observations, simulations, and experiments at an ever-increasing pace. For the scientist and engineer to benefit from these enhanced data collecting capabilities, it is becoming clear that semi-automated data analysis techniques must be applied to find the useful information in the data. Computational scientific discovery methods can be used to this end: they focus on applying computational methods to automate scientific activities, such as finding laws from observational data. In contrast to mining scientific data, which focuses on building highly predictive models, computational scientific discovery puts a strong emphasis on discovering knowledge represented in formalisms used by scientists and engineers, such as numeric equations and reaction pathways. This state-of-the-art survey provides an introduction to computational approaches to the discovery of scientific knowledge and gives an overview of recent advances in this area, including techniques and applications in environmental and life sciences.
Computational Contact Mechanics
Topics of this book span the range from spatial and temporal discretization techniques for contact and impact problems with small and finite deformations over investigations on the reliability of micromechanical contact models over emerging techniques for rolling contact mechanics to homogenization methods and multi-scale approaches in contact problems. Furthermore, solution algorithms for single- and multi-processor computing environments, enabling methods that span from multi-contact to multi-scale approaches are discussed together with numerical experiments related to soil mechanics using discontinuous deformation analysis.
Computational Contact Mechanics
This is the second edition of the valuable reference source for numerical simulations of contact mechanics suitable for many fields like civil engineering, car design, aeronautics, metal forming, or biomechanics. Boundary value problems involving contact are of great importance in industrial applications in engineering such as bearings, metal forming processes, rubber seals, drilling problems, crash analysis of cars, rolling contact between car tires and the road, cooling of electronic devices... Other applications are related to biomechanical engineering design where human joints, implants or teeth are of consideration. Due to this variety, contact problems are today combined either with large elastic or inelastic deformations including time dependent responses. Thermal coupling also might have to be considered. Even stability behaviour has to be linked to contact.
Comets and the Origin and Evolution of Life
Nine years after the publication of Comets and the Origin and Evolution of Life, one of the pioneering books in Astrobiology, this second edition revisits the role comets may have played in the origins and evolution of life. Recent analyses of Antarctic micrometeorites and ancient rocks in Australia and South Africa, the continuing progress in discovering complex organic macromolecules in comets, protostars and interstellar clouds, new insights into organic synthesis in comets, and numerical simulations of comet impacts on the Earth and other members of the solar system yield a spectacular wealth of new results.
Combustion : Physical and Chemical Fundamentals, Modeling and Simulation, Experiments, Pollutant Formation
The actual fourth edition presents a completely restructured book: Mathematical Formulae and derivations as well as the space-consuming reaction mechanisms have been replaced from the text to appendix. A new chapter discusses the impact of combustion processes on the earth’s atmosphere, the chapter on auto-ignition is extended to combustion in Otto- and Diesel-engines, and the chapters on heterogeneous combustion and on soot formation appear heavily revised.
Collaborative Product and Service Life Cycle Management for a Sustainable World ; Proceedings of the 15th ISPE International Conference on Concurrent Engineering (CE2008)
Collaborative Product and Service Life Cycle Management for a Sustainable World gathers together papers from the 15th ISPE International Conference on Concurrent Engineering (CE2008), to stimulate the new thinking that is so crucial to our sustained productivity enhancement and quality of life.
Collaborative Engineering: Theory and Practice
Collaborative Engineering: Theory and Practice offers insights into the methods and techniques involved in implementing a systematic approach to the integrated, concurrent design of products and related processes, including manufacturing, product service and support. The approach discussed here will help developers consider all elements of the product life cycle from conception through disposal, including quality, cost, schedule, and user requirements.
Collaborative and Distributed Chemical Engineering : From Understanding to Substantial Design Process Support; Results of the IMPROVE Project
The focus of IMRPOVE is on understanding, formalizing, evaluating, and, consequently, improving design processes in chemical engineering. In particular, IMPROVE focuses on conceptual design and basic engineering, where the fundamental decisions concerning the design or redesign of a chemical plant are undertaken.
Cognitive engineering : A distributed approach to machine intelligence
Cognitive Engineering: A Distributed Approach to Machine Intelligence explores the design issues of intelligent engineering systems. Beginning with the foundations of psychological modeling of the human mind, the main emphasis is given to parallel and distributed realization of intelligent models for application in reasoning, learning, planning and multi-agent co-ordination problems. The last two chapters provide case studies on human-mood detection and control, and behavioral co-operation of mobile robots. This is the first comprehensive text of its kind, bridging the gap between Cognitive Science and Cognitive Systems Engineering. Each chapter includes plenty of numerical examples and exercises with sufficient hints, so that the reader can solve the exercises on their own. Computer simulations are also included in most chapters to give a clear idea about the application of the algorithms undertaken in the book. In addition, mathematical analysis on convergence and stability of the neuro-fuzzy models will enable the reader to pursue their research career in cognitive engineering.
Cognition, Communication and Interaction : Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Interactive Technology
This book aims to provide a trans-disciplinary research framework and methodology for interaction design. The analysis directs attention to three human capacities that our engagement with interactive technology has made salient and open to constant redefinition.
Codes et turbocodes = Codes and turbo codes
Devoted to one of the essential functions of modern telecommunications systems: channel coding, or error-correcting coding. At the crossroads of information theory, mathematics, and electronics, channel coding has undergone numerous developments since the foundational work of Claude Shannon. Algebraic codes, convolutional codes, and concatenated codes decoded iteratively form the core of the book, which also includes a presentation of digital modulations, to which channel coding is closely linked, forming the heart of the physical layer of telecommunications systems. The most important theoretical aspects are presented, and the construction of the codes is detailed and justified. Decoding algorithms are developed and, where possible, accompanied by simulation results that demonstrate their error-correcting capabilities and applications.
CMOS single chip fast frequency hopping synthesizers for Wireless multi-gigahertz applications : Design methodology, analysis, and implementation
Describes an efficient design and characterization methodology that has been developed to study loop trade-offs in both open and close loop modelling techniques. This is based on a simulation platform that incorporates both behavioral models and measured/simulated sub-blocks of the chosen frequency synthesizer. The platform predicts accurately the phase noise, spurious and switching performance of the final design. Therefore excellent phase noise and spurious performance can be achieved while meeting all the specified requirements. The design methodology reduces the need for silicon re-spin enabling circuit designers to directly meet cost, performance and schedule milestones. The developed knowledge and techniques have been used in the successful design and implementation of two high speed multi-mode fractional-N frequency synthesizers for the IEEE 801.11a/b/g standards. Both synthesizer designs are described in details.
CMOS Multi-Channel Single-Chip Receivers for Multi-Gigabit Optical Data Communications
Focuses on optical communications for short and very short distance applications and discusses the monolithic integration of optical receivers with processing elements in standard CMOS technologies. CMOS Multi-Channel Single-Chip Receivers for Multi-Gigabit Optical Data Communications provides the reader with the necessary background knowledge to fully understand the trade-offs in short-distance communication receiver design and presents the key issues to be addressed in the development of such receivers in CMOS technologies. Moreover, novel design approaches are presented. A system-level design methodology allows for the impact analysis of different block specifications and system-wide design optimization. Statistical models are used for design space exploration in the scope of jitter tolerance analysis of clock recovery circuits.
CMOS Hotplate Chemical Microsensors
Covers all aspects of successful sensor prototyping: theory of transducer modelling, microelectronics design considerations, system design issues, and issues related to system and device microfabrication, packaging, and testing. A variety of different hotplates for different operation conditions is detailed and a family of metal-oxide-covered microhotplate-based microsensor systems with increasing complexity is presented. These systems belong to a new generation of chemical microsensors and represent examples of the successful integration of nanomaterials, microtechnology and microelectronics.The book provides students, scientists and engineers with an accessible introduction to the field of microhotplate-based chemical sensing, with all the necessary fundamental knowledge included. Beyond that, it also provides detailed information on all important issues concerning complex high-performance CMOS chemical microsensor systems; hence it will also be valuable to experts already familiar with the field.
Cloud-Resolving Modeling of Convective Processes
Introduces the framework of cloud-resolving model, methodologies for analysis of modeling outputs, and validation of simulations with observations. The book details important scientific findings in the aspects of surface rainfall processes, precipitation efficiency, dynamic and thermodynamic processes associated with tropical convection, diurnal variations, radiative and cloud microphysical processes associated with development of cloud clusters, air-sea coupling on convective scales, climate equilibrium states, and remote sensing applications.
Mathematical Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and e-Learning ; Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Rockefeller Foundation' s Bellagio Conference Center, Milan, Italy, 2006
This book is a collection of articles written by some of the most prominent leading applied mathematicians, as well as articles from young and promising scientists from Africa, Asia and Europe. The common objective of these articles is to present an important issue which is currently widely discussed in scientific investigation with major human, economic or ecological implications. One main feature of the series, which the current book exemplifies, is that each article is as deep as an expert lecture but is also self-contained, so that even isolated scientists with limited resources can profit greatly from it. Another feature of this book is that each article is meant to present a collection of open questions which can fuel undergraduate or graduate research activities even in smaller or more isolated scientific communities.
Mathematical modeling of the human brain : From magnetic resonance images to finite element simulation
This book bridges common tools in medical imaging and neuroscience with the numerical solution of brain modelling PDEs. The connection between these areas is established through the use of two existing tools, FreeSurfer and FEniCS, and one novel tool, the SVM-Tk, developed for this book. The reader will learn the basics of magnetic resonance imaging and quickly proceed to generating their first FEniCS brain meshes from T1-weighted images.
Mathematical Modeling of Complex Biological Systems : A Kinetic Theory Approach
Describes the evolution of several socio-biological systems using mathematical kinetic theory. Specifically, it deals with modeling and simulations of biological systems—comprised of large populations of interacting cells—whose dynamics follow the rules of mechanics as well as rules governed by their own ability to organize movement and biological functions. The authors propose a new biological model for the analysis of competition between cells of an aggressive host and cells of a corresponding immune system.Because the microscopic description of a biological system is far more complex than that of a physical system of inert matter, a higher level of analysis is needed to deal with such complexity. Mathematical models using kinetic theory may represent a way to deal with such complexity, allowing for an understanding of phenomena of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics not described by the traditional macroscopic approach. The proposed models are related to the generalized Boltzmann equation and describe the population dynamics of several interacting elements (kinetic population models).The particular models proposed by the authors are based on a framework related to a system of integro-differential equations, defining the evolution of the distribution function over the microscopic state of each element in a given system. Macroscopic information on the behavior of the system is obtained from suitable moments of the distribution function over the microscopic states of the elements involved.
Mathematical methods and modelling in hydrocarbon exploration and production
Hydrocarbon exploration and production incorporate great technology challenges for the oil and gas industry. In order to meet the world's future demand for oil and gas, further technological advance is needed, which in turn requires research across multiple disciplines, including mathematics, geophysics, geology, petroleum engineering, signal processing, and computer science. This book addresses important aspects and fundamental concepts in hydrocarbon exploration and production. Moreover, new developments and recent advances in the relevant research areas are discussed, whereby special emphasis is placed on mathematical methods and modelling. The book reflects the multi-disciplinary character of the hydrocarbon production workflow, ranging from seismic data imaging, seismic analysis and interpretation and geological model building, to numerical reservoir simulation. Various challenges concerning the production workflow are discussed in detail.
Mathematical and Statistical Methods in Insurance and Finance
The interaction between mathematicians and statisticians reveals to be an effective approach to the analysis of insurance and financial problems, in particular in an operative perspective. The Maf2006 conference, held at the University of Salerno in 2006, had precisely this purpose and the collection here published gathers some of the papers presented at the conference and successively worked out to this aim. They cover a wide variety of subjects in insurance and financial fields, all treated in light of the successful cooperation between the two quantitative methods.
