الصفحة 25
الصفحة 25
Nanoelectronics and Photonics : From Atoms to Materials, Devices, and Architectures
Nanoelectronics and Photonics: From Atoms to Materials, Devices, and Architectures provides a description of the core elements and challenges of advanced and future information technology. By linking the materials physics and chemistry at the atomic scale with device and circuit design and performance requirements, tutorial chapters from leaders in the field present a coherent picture of theoretical and experimental research efforts and technology development in this highly interdisciplinary area.
Nano physical pharmaceutics
Nanomedicine is an emerging and rapidly evolving field, which could significantly help in early disease diagnosis, therapeutic improvement, novel therapeutic modality development, and medical expenditure reduction. The challenge remains, however, that the specially designed and carefully synthesized nanomedicines function poorly in animal verification despite great performance in vitro. A deeper understanding of the physicochemical properties of nanomedicine is the key. This book applies physical theories and models to determine the parameters for controlling the physicochemical properties of nanomedicines, including micelles, liposomes, and inorganic nanoparticles. Qualitative and quantitative relationships are established to provide guidance for nanomedicine design, characterization, and analysis. The text also compiles cutting-edge research in nanomedicine from the interdisciplinary team of the Department of Nanomedicine at Naval Medical University, China, which is currently establishing the characteristic discipline called Nano Physical Pharmaceutics. Edited by Wei Li, a prominent nanotechnology researcher, this book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, medicine, macromolecular science, biology, chemistry, and especially those with an interest in drug delivery or cancer therapy.
Multiwavelength Mapping of Galaxy Formation and Evolution ; Proceedings of the ESO Workshop Held at Venice, Italy, 13-16 October 2003
The possibilities of astronomical observation have dramatically increased over the last decade. Major satellites, like the Hubble Space Telescope, Chandra and XMM Newton, are complemented by numerous large ground-based observatories, from 8m-10m optical telescopes to sub-mm and radio facilities. As a result, observational astronomy has access to virtually the whole electromagnetic spectrum of galaxies, even at high redshifts. Theoretical models of galaxy formation and cosmological evolution now face a serious challenge to match the plethora of observational data. In October 2003, over 170 astronomers from 15 countries met for a 4-day workshop to extensively illustrate and discuss all major observational projects and ongoing theoretical efforts to model galaxy formation and evolution. This volume contains the complete proceedings of this meeting and is therefore a unique and timely overview of the current state of research in this rapidly evolving field.
Multiscale Problems in the Life Sciences : From Microscopic to Macroscopic
The aim of this volume that presents Lectures given at a joint CIME and Banach Center Summer School, is to offer a broad presentation of a class of updated methods providing a mathematical framework for the development of a hierarchy of models of complex systems in the natural sciences, with a special attention to Biology and Medicine. Mastering complexity implies sharing different tools requiring much higher level of communication between different mathematical and scientific schools, for solving classes of problems of the same nature. Today more than ever, one of the most important challenges derives from the need to bridge parts of a system evolving at different time and space scales, especially with respect to computational affordability. As a result the content has a rather general character; the main role is played by stochastic processes, positive semigroups, asymptotic analysis, kinetic theory, continuum theory and game theory.
Multiscale Methods in Science and Engineering
Multiscale problems naturally pose severe challenges for computational science and engineering. The smaller scales must be well resolved over the range of the larger scales. Challenging multiscale problems are very common This volume is an overview of current mathematical and computational methods for problems with multiple scales with applications in chemistry, physics and engineering.
Multi-Scale Approaches in Drug Discovery : From Empirical Knowledge to In silico Experiments and Back
Drug discovery is an expensive, time-consuming process and the modern drug discovery community is constantly challenged not only with discovering novel bioactive agents to combat resistance from known diseases and fight against new ones, but to do so in a way that is economically effective. Advances in both experimental and theoretical/computational methods envisage that the greatest challenges in drug discovery can be most successfully addressed by using a multi-scale approach, drawing on the specialties of a whole host of different disciplines. Multi-Scale Approaches to Drug Discovery furnishes chemists with the detail they need to identify drug leads with the highest potential before isolating and synthesizing them to produce effective drugs with greater swiftness than classical methods may allow. This significantly speeds up the search for more efficient therapeutic agents.
Multi-processor system-on-chip 1 : Architectures
covers the key components of MPSoC: processors, memory, interconnect and interfaces. It describes advance features of these components and technologies to build efficient MPSoC architectures. All the main components are detailed: use of memory and their technology, communication support and consistency, and specific processor architectures for general purposes or for dedicated applications.
Multiple Stressors : A Challenge for the Future
This book publishes the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Multipollution Exposure and Risk Assessment, Ecotoxiclogical risk from multiple stressors covers any situation where org- isms are exposed to a combination of environmental stressors. These include physical and chemical pollutants as well as other stressors such as parasites and environmental impact (e. g. , climate change or habitat loss). The combi- tion of stressors can result in increased risk to organisms (either additive or synergistic effects) or decreased effects (protective or antagonistic effects). The multiple stressor challenge is an international, multi-disciplinary problem requiring an international, multi-disciplinary approach. The c- rent approach to multiple stressors is to examine one stressor at a time and assume additivity.
Multiple Heterogeneous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Aerial robots can be considered as an evolution of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). This book provides a quite complete overview of issues related to aerial robotics, addressing problems ranging from flight control to terrain perception and mission planning and execution. The major challenges and potentials of heterogeneous UAVs are comprehensively explored. It builds on the results of the European project COMETS, and highlights a number of key research topics in the area of UAV development, including communication, perception, teleoperation and decision making. The monograph emphasizes the current state of technology, the existing problems and potentialities of systems consisting of multiple UAVs which are heterogeneous in view of the different characteristics of the aerial vehicles, the different on-board payloads, and the different on-board information processing capabilities. The book also examines potential applications of UAVs and details a relevant application case: forest fire detection and monitoring.
Multinational Enterprises, Foreign Direct Investment and Growth in Africa : South African Perspectives
How can Africa, the world’s most lagging region, benefit from globalisation and achieve sustained economic growth? Africa needs greater investment by Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) to improve competitiveness and generate more growth through positive spill-over effects. Despite the fact that Africa’s returns on investment averaged 29% since 1990, Africa has gained merely 1% of global Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows. The challenge for African countries is how to be a more desirable destination for FDI. The study integrates three currents of economic research, namely from the literature on (endogenous) economic growth, convergence and regional integration, the explanations for Africa’s poor growth and the growing understanding of the role of MNEs in a global economy. The empirical side of the book is based on an econometric study of the determinants of FDI in Africa as well as a detailed firm-level survey conducted in 2000.
Multimodality in architecture : Collaboration, technology and education
Examines multimodality in architecture and its impacts on collaborative, technical and educational processes or systems. Multimodality is becoming increasingly critical in contemporary architectural practice and education. Creative design teams face new challenges when they embrace new modes of communication, technology, and knowledge development processes. From diverse online modes of communication to shared digital environments, generative AI and advanced hardware solutions, new modes of information creation, sharing, and application are changing the ways architects and designers work. The book presents new research which empowers international researchers and designers to work more effectively in a diverse range of digital environments. Whether the readers are architects, teachers, students, or scholars, this book provides critical insights and practical tools for understanding and optimising processes in architecture and design.
Multimodal Texts in Disciplinary Education : A Comprehensive Framework
This book provides an introduction to multimodality and the role of multimodal texts in today’s education. Presenting a comprehensive framework for analysing and working with multimodal texts in disciplinary education, it serves as a tool for researchers and teachers alike. The second part of the book focuses on sample analyses of a variety of educational texts for different age groups and from different disciplines, including games and online resources. The authors also comment on the specific challenges of each text, and how teachers can discuss such texts with their students to enhance both their understanding of the content and their multimodal literacy.
Multimodal Intelligent Information Presentation
Intelligent Multimodal Information Presentation relates to the ability of a computer system to automatically produce interactive information presentations, taking into account the specifics about the user, such as needs, interests and knowledge, and engaging in a collaborative interaction that helps the retrieval of relevant information and its understanding on the part of the user.The volume includes descriptions of some of the most representative recent works on Intelligent Information Presentation and a view of the challenges ahead.
Multimedia Introduction to Programming Using Java
Although vital to modern software development, Java and object-oriented programming can pose significant challenges to newcomers. This text, unique in both scope and approach and accompanied by interactive content that you may find on extras.springer.com, addresses that learning curve by providing a careful, classroom-tested presentation of Java -- from the fundamentals of variables, types, and expressions to procedural concepts like loops and sophisticated object-oriented ideas. Additional key features of this work Introduces objects and classes early in the exposition, rendering object-oriented programming intuitive and natural. Develops programs, rather than simply showcasing them. Supports all concepts through complementary lectures on the zip-file featured on extras.springer.com. Contains numerous self-help exercises that encourage readers to practice programming. With its comprehensive appendices and bibliography, systematic approach, and helpful interactive programs on extras.springer.com, this exciting work provides the key tools they needed for successful object-oriented programming. It is ideal for use at the undergraduate and graduate beginning level, whether in the classroom or for distance learning; furthermore, the text will also be a valuable self-study resource or reference volume in any programmer’s library.
Multimedia Forensics
Media forensics has never been more relevant to societal life. Not only media content represents an ever-increasing share of the data traveling on the net and the preferred communications means for most users, it has also become integral part of most innovative applications in the digital information ecosystem that serves various sectors of society, from the entertainment, to journalism, to politics. Undoubtedly, the advances in deep learning and computational imaging contributed significantly to this outcome. The underlying technologies that drive this trend, however, also pose a profound challenge in establishing trust in what we see, hear, and read, and make media content the preferred target of malicious attacks.
Multimedia big data computing for IoT applications : Concepts, paradigms and solutions
This book considers all aspects of managing the complexity of Multimedia Big Data Computing (MMBD) for IoT applications and develops a comprehensive taxonomy. It also discusses a process model that addresses a number of research challenges associated with MMBD, such as scalability, accessibility, reliability, heterogeneity, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, presenting case studies to demonstrate its application. Further, the book examines the layered architecture of MMBD computing and compares the life cycle of both big data and MMBD. Written by leading experts, it also includes numerous solved examples, technical descriptions, scenarios, procedures, and algorithms.
Multidetector-Row CT of the Thorax
With the advent of multidetector-row technology, excitement has returned to computed tomography. Not only can we now image faster and with better resolution than ever before; more importantly, the development of sophisticated image acquisition techniques has enabled us to venture into areas previously considered to be beyond the scope of CT imaging. The knowledge, experience, and vision of a host of renowned international experts in cutting-edge thoracic applications of multidetector-row CT are condensed within this book. The result is a critical, comprehensive review of the novel opportunities, but also the new challenges, brought about by the development of ever-faster CT acquisition techniques.
Multi-Agent and Multi-Agent-Based Simulation ; Joint Workshop MABS 2004
The aim of the workshop was to provide a forum for work in both appli- tions of multi-agent-based simulation and the technical challenges of simulating large multi-agent systems (MAS). There has been considerable recent progress in modelling and analyzing multi-agent systems, and in techniques that apply MAS models to complex real-world systems such as social systems and organi- tions. Simulation is an increasingly important strand that weaves together this work. In high-risk, high-cost situations, simulations provide critical cost/benefit leverage, and make possible explorations that cannot be carried out in situ: – Multi-agent approaches to simulating complex systems are keytools in interdisciplinary studies of social systems. Agent-based social simulation (ABSS) research simulates and synthesizes social behavior in order to understand real social systems with properties of self-organization, scalability, robustness, and openness. – In the MAS community, simulation has been applied to awide range of MAS research and design problems, from models of complex individual agents - ploying sophisticated internal mechanisms to models of large-scale societies of relatively simple agents which focus more on the interactions between agents.
MSCs and Innovative Biomaterials in Dentistry
Presents the modern concepts of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and biomaterials as they pertain to the dental field. The book is organized around three main topics: MSCs biology, advanced biomaterials, and clinical applications. The chapters present basic information on stem cell biology and physiology, modern biomaterials that improve bone tissue regeneration, the biomatrices like platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) used to functionalize the biomaterials surface, the strategic and safe intraoral seats of harvesting, the new sources for MSCs, as well as the future perspectives and new challenges in these exciting fields.
Move : Architecture in Motion - Dynamic Components and Elements
Dynamic components and adaptive elements are becoming increasingly important in contemporary architecture, and not just because of their visual effect. If architects and engineers are engaging more and more with the issue of movement – whether in the form of sun-tracking solar cells, lowerable walls, or intelligently programmed elevators – it’s because they are busy exploring responses to three challenges: How can we control and reduce the energy requirement of buildings? How can we expand the range of possible uses? And how can we represent, illustrate, accommodate, and control dynamic movements in buildings?
