الصفحة 20
الصفحة 20
Dynamic Analysis of Petri Net-Based Discrete Systems
Design of modern digital hardware systems and of complex software systems is almost always connected with parallelism. For example, execution of an object-oriented p- gram can be considered as parallel functioning of the co-operating objects; all modern operating systems are multitasking, and the software tends to be multithread; many complex calculation tasks are solved in distributed way. But designers of the control systems probably have to face parallelism in more evident and direct way. Controllers rarely deal with just one controlled object. Usually a system of several objects is to be controlled, and then the control algorithm naturally turns to be parallel. So, classical and very deeply investigated model of discrete device, Finite State Machine, is not expressive enough for the design of control devices and systems. Theoretically in most of cases behavior of a controller can be described by an FSM, but usually it is not convenient; such FSM description would be much more complex, than a parallel specification (even as a network of several communicating FSMs).
Dualisability : Unary Algebras and Beyond
Natural duality theory is one of the major growth areas within general algebra. This text provides a short path to the forefront of research in duality theory. It presents a coherent approach to new results in the area, as well as exposing open problems. Unary algebras play a special role throughout the text. Individual unary algebras are relatively simple and easy to work with. But as a class they have a rich and complex entanglement with dualisability. This combination of local simplicity and global complexity ensures that, for the study of natural duality theory, unary algebras are an excellent source of examples and counterexamples.
Drousi: A private lessons management system
Private teaching is considered to be an effective way to increase academic achievement of students and it seen as being a supplementary education, so it has become very common all around the world, however, previous studies have come to different conclusions regarding its necessity, so Drousi application had been made ,it’s a user-friendly mobile application to manage and arrange private lessons, and There has never been a better time to become a private tutor, as class sizes in schools increase, this can result in teachers being unable to give their undivided attention to students, and this document lays out a project plan for the development of “Drousi”, The plan will include a summary of the system functionality and how it implemented.
Disasters : Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
Examines disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive. Providing analysis of core concepts, and with real-world relevance, this book should be of interest to disaster scholars and researchers, those working in ethics and political philosophy, as well as policy makers, humanitarian actors and intergovernmental organizations.
Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy : Principles and Applications
This book reviews the basics of atmospheric chemistry, radiation transport, and optical spectroscopy before detailing the principles underlying DOAS. The second part of the book describes the design and application of DOAS instruments as well as the evaluation and interpretation of spectra. The recent expansion of DOAS application to the imaging of trace gas distributions by ground, aircraft, and satellite-based instruments is also covered.
Difference Equations : From Rabbits to Chaos
Difference equations are models of the world around us. From clocks to computers to chromosomes, processing discrete objects in discrete steps is a common theme. Difference equations arise naturally from such discrete descriptions and allow us to pose and answer such questions as: How much? How many? How long? Difference equations are a necessary part of the mathematical repertoire of all modern scientists and engineers.The book cover the basics of difference equations and some of their applications in computing and in population biology. Each chapter leads to techniques that can be applied by hand to small examples or programmed for larger problems. Along the way, the reader will use linear algebra and graph theory, develop formal power series, solve combinatorial problems, visit Perron—Frobenius theory, discuss pseudorandom number generation and integer factorization, and apply the Fast Fourier Transform to multiply polynomials quickly.
Developments in Fish Telemetry ; Proceedings of the Sixt Conference on Fish Telemetry held in Europe
This volume includes 33 peer-reviewed papers presented at the Sixth Conference on Fish Telemetry held in Europe (Sesimbra, Portugal, 5-11 June 2005). The papers focus on the application of aquatic telemetry techniques by scientists to investigate fundamental aspects of animal biology in order to conserve and manage natural resources. The topics addressed in this issue are human impacts and fisheries, migration and behaviour, species conservation and habitat rehabilitation, and methodology and new technology. This book is aimed at scientists and engineers actively involved in aquatic telemetry projects, aquatic biologists (marine and freshwater), fisheries biologist and managers.
Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth
In this book, tumour growth is perceived as a deviation from the normal development of the human organism. The molecular, cellular, and tissue determinants of different tumours are discussed showing that each is a different disease, often corresponding to a particular developmental stage. The natural history of several cancers illustrates how clinical incidence can be just the visible part of the iceberg, while the first changes at the tissue level sometimes occur several years before tumour growth becomes manifest.
Designerly ways of knowing
The concept of ‘designerly ways of knowing’ emerged in the late 1970s in association with the development of new approaches in design education. Professor Nigel Cross first clearly articulated this concept in a paper called ‘Designerly Ways of Knowing’ which was published in the journal Design Studies in 1982. Since then, the field of study has grown considerably, as both design education and design research have developed together into a new discipline of design. This book provides a unique insight into a field of study with important implications for design research, education and practice. There are chapters covering the following topics: the nature and nurture of design ability / creative cognition in design / the natural intelligence of design / design discipline versus design science and expertise in design.
Design of Observational Studies
This book introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is organized into five parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates, and includes an updated chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV discusses evidence factors and the computerized construction of more than one comparison group. Part V discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies: "make your theories elaborate."
Design by Evolution : Advances in Evolutionary Design
This book showcases the state of the art in evolutionary algorithms for design. The chapters are organized by experts in the following fields: evolutionary design and "intelligent design" in biology, art, computational embryogeny, and engineering.
Desertification in the Mediterranean Region : A security issue ; Proceedings of the NATO Mediterranean Dialogue Workshop, held in Valencia, Spain, 2-5 December 2003
This book focuses on two basic concepts: security and desertification in the Mediterranean Region and their linkages. Desertification is recognized as a process of land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas of the world that is the result of natural phenomena (e.g. climate variation) and anthropogenic factors. The outcome of this type of degradation has typically been considered to be either a reduction or a loss of both biological and economic productivity. The scope of the book includes the identification of the physical processes of desertification specific to both the north and south Mediterranean Region. Additionally, it specifically questions how changing environmental conditions may potentially reduce stability and peace in the world and thus affect "environmental security."
Deltas in the Anthropocene
The Anthropocene is the human-dominated modern era that has accelerated social, environmental and climate change across the world in the last few decades. This open access book examines the challenges the Anthropocene presents to the sustainable management of deltas, both the many threats as well as the opportunities.
Deep-water Coral Reefs : Unique Biodiversity Hot-Spots
Provides a useful overview of various aspects of deep-water coral reefs and carbonate mounds, providing insights into the physical processes, and inspire and stimulate further research into these fascinating natural systems. This book, presents and discusses only a selection of the world’s discovered deep-water coral reefs.
Deepfake
The technology used to create such digital content has quickly become accessible to the masses, such as “DEEPFAKE.” Deep fakes refer to manipulated videos, or other digital representations produced by sophisticated artificial intelligence, that yields to synthesize a sequence of face images and voices of characters corresponding to their identities, such as voice tone, facial expression, with a good lip synchronization. Therefore, this study is about developing real-time video generation software, which generates a target video from a single input image. Several methods and algorithms have been applied to detect, analyze personalize facial expression, voice and natural head poses to present a life-like image instead of a low quality one.
Deep neural networks and data for automated driving : robustness, uncertainty quantification, and insights towards safety
Environment perception for highly automated driving heavily employs deep neural networks, facing many challenges. How much data do we need for training and testing? How to use synthetic data to save labeling costs for training? How do we increase robustness and decrease memory usage? For inevitably poor conditions: How do we know that the network is uncertain about its decisions? Can we understand a bit more about what actually happens inside neural networks? This leads to a very practical problem particularly for DNNs employed in automated driving: What are useful validation techniques and how about safety? This book unites the views from both academia and industry, where computer vision and machine learning meet environment perception for highly automated driving. Naturally, aspects of data, robustness, uncertainty quantification, and, last but not least, safety are at the core of it. This book is unique: In its first part, an extended survey of all the relevant aspects is provided. The second part contains the detailed technical elaboration of the various questions mentioned above.
Deep Learning with PyTorch Lightning : Build and train high-performance artificial intelligence and self-supervised models using Python
You’ll learn how to configure PyTorch Lightning on a cloud platform, understand the architectural components, and explore how they are configured to build various industry solutions. You’ll build a neural network architecture, deploy an application from scratch, and see how you can expand it based on your specific needs, beyond what the framework can provide. In the later chapters, you’ll also learn how to implement capabilities to build and train various models like Convolutional Neural Nets (CNN), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Time Series, Self-Supervised Learning, Semi-Supervised Learning, Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) using PyTorch Lightning.
Deep Learning to See : Towards New Foundations of Computer Vision
Topics and features: Presents a curiosity-driven approach, posing questions to stimulate readers to design novel computational models of vision Offers a rethinking of computer vision, arguing for an approach based on vision in nature, versus regarding visual signals as collections of images Provides an interdisciplinary commentary, aiming to unify computer vision, machine learning, human vision, and computational neuroscience Serving to inspire and stimulate critical reflection and discussion, yet requiring no prior advanced technical knowledge, the text can naturally be paired with classic textbooks on computer vision to better frame the current state of the art, open problems, and novel potential solutions.
Deep learning architecture and application
As one of the fastest-growing topics in machine learning, deep learning algorithms have achieved unprecedented success in recent years. Novel paradigms (such as contrastive learning and few-shot learning) in deep learning and rising neural network architectures (e.g., transformer and masked autoencoder) are dramatically changing the field of data-driven algorithms. More importantly, deep learning models are redefining the next generation of industrial applications spanning image recognition, speech processing, language translation, healthcare, and other sciences. For example, recent advances in deep representation learning are allowing us to learn about protein 3D structures, which sheds new light on fundamental medicine and biology along with potentially bringing in billions of dollars (e.g., in the pharmaceutical market).
Deep learning approach for text summarization
Machine learning and deep learning, as we know, have started ruling over almost every field in the computing industry and so, has revolutionized the process of text summarization too. Automatic text summarization is an advancing realm of the natural language processing research in which concise textual summaries are generated from lengthy input documents. Extensive research has been carried out on how automatic summarization can be prosecuted through various extractive and abstractive techniques. In this paper, we address all the approaches to text summarization and present the modus operandi of an Architecture called Encoder Decoder, under the machine learning approach.
