الصفحة 2
الصفحة 2
Nine algorithms that changed the future : The ingenious ideas that drive today’s computers
Every day, we use our computers to perform remarkable feats. A simple web search picks out a handful of relevant needles from the world’s biggest haystack. Uploading a photo to Facebook transmits millions of pieces of information over numerous error-prone network links, yet somehow a perfect copy of the photo arrives intact. Without even knowing it, we use public-key cryptography to transmit secret information like credit card numbers, and we use digital signatures to verify the identity of the websites we visit. How do our computers perform these tasks with such ease?
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling in Neuroprotection
Presents the roles and mechanisms of signal transduction triggered by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) stimulation in neuroprotection against toxic effects of risk factors of neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that nAChRs in the CNS play important roles not only in excitatory neurotransmission but also in neuronal survival and related functions. Neuroprotection mediated by nAChRs in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease is the major topic of this book. In response to rapidly evolving areas in clinical and laboratory neuropharmacology and neurochemistry, this volume provides in-depth coverage of neuroprotection in basic research and future developments in the clinical application of effective neuroprotective strategies in neurodegenerative diseases. This work appeals to both basic and clinical researchers in several fields, such as neuroscience, neurology, and pharmacology.
Next generation probiotics from novel drugs to future therapeutics
Provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge exploration of probiotics as powerful therapeutic agents. With the rapid advancements in the field, this book offers a deep dive into how probiotics are evolving beyond traditional uses, addressing complex health conditions and diseases in modern medicine. By combining the latest scientific research with practical applications, this book equips researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals with the knowledge needed to incorporate probiotics into clinical practice and future therapeutic strategies.
Next Generation Design and Verification Methodologies for Distributed Embedded Control Systems ; Proceedings of the GM R&D Workshop, Bangalore, India, January 2007
This volume is the proceedings of the workshop “Next Generation Design and Verification Methodologies for Distributed Embedded Control Systems” organised by General Motors R&D, India Science Lab. The workshop was held on January 5-6 2007 at the NIAS auditorium, IISc campus, Bangalore, India. This workshop is the first of its kind to be organised by an automotive major to bring together the leaders in the field of embedded systems development to present state-of-the-art work, and to discuss future strategies for addressing the increasing complexity of embedded control systems. The workshop consisted of invited talks given by leading experts and researchers from academic and industrial organizations.
New technical approaches and medications to improve fertility for women in Syria
Egg freezing is one way of preserving a woman's fertility so she can try to have a family in the future. It involves collecting a woman's eggs, freezing them and then thawing them later on so they can be used in fertility treatment. Egg freezing won't lower your ovarian reserve and won't decrease your chances of getting pregnancy naturally in the future. To understand why, we will first of all focus on the ovulation process. During each menstrual cycle—typically each month—one egg makes it through the whole ovulatory process, and we will discuss all the reasons which may suggest to do such a specific process in women such as being in malignant diseases and the risk of its side effects of this therapy on fertility for example this medication or radiation therapy mainly in a abdomen area is reducing fertility beside other types of medications mentioned in this research
New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates : Distribution, Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation
The purpose of this volume is to present a comprehensive overview of recent advances in primate field research, ecology, and conservation biology in Mesoamerica. The overall goal of each contribution is to integrate newly collected field data with theoretical perspectives drawn from evolutionary biology, socioecology, biological anthropology, and conservation to identify how our current knowledge of primate behavior and ecology has moved beyond more traditional approaches. A corollary to this, and an important goal of the volume is to identify geographical regions and species for which we continue to lack sufficient information, to develop action plans for future research, and to identify areas for immediate conservation action. Despite many decades of primate research in Mesoamerica, much is still unknown concerning the basic ecology and behavior of these species, demography, current distribution, and conservation status of local populations, and the effectiveness of conservation policies on primate survivorship. Four major areas of research are the focus of the volume: Evolutionary Biology and Biogeography; Population Demography and Ecology; Behavior; and Conservation and Management Policies.
New Horizons of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Parallel and distributed computing is one of the foremost technologies for shaping future research and development activities in academia and industry. Hyperthreading in Intel processors, hypertransport links in next generation AMD processors, multicore silicon in today’s high-end microprocessors, emerging cluster and grid computing, has moved parallel/distributed computing into the mainstream of computing. New Horizons of Parallel and Distributed Computing is a collection of self-contained chapters written by pioneers and researchers to provide solutions for newly emerging problems in this field. This volume will not only provide novel ideas, work in progress and state-of-the-art techniques in the field, but also stimulate future research activities in the area of parallel and distributed computing with applications. New Horizons of Parallel and Distributed Computing is intended for researchers and graduate students in computer science and electrical engineering, as well as researchers and developers in industry. This book can be used as a textbook and a reference for use by students, researchers, and developers.
New Frontiers in Regenerative Medicine
Rapid advances in stem cell biology have raised exciting possibilities of replacing damaged or lost tissues and cells by activation of in vitro-expanded stem cells or their progeny. This book examines many of the unresolved problems as well as future applications of regenerative medicine. Areas of focus include the nervous system and hippocampal neurogenesis, along with the functional significance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the production of free radicals after brain ischemia; the digestive and integumentary systems, dealing with hepatocyte transplantation, pancreatic regeneration, and skin and hair regeneration; and the cardiovascular system, with repair and remodeling of the lung and heart, and arterial remodeling with bone marrow-derived progenitor cells. In addition to animal experiments, results of research on human tissues and organs are included.
New Frontiers for design of interior lighting products
Explores the single components that commonly constitute luminaires for interiors, describing their operating principles, families, strengths and weaknesses. It opens with the product classification and main standard requirements. The following chapters describe the different components: light sources, power supplies, thermal dissipation techniques, control technologies, optical systems. The description focuses on the most recent technologies to allow the reader to consider a product design capable of confronting future lighting scenarios. The book provides a simple path addressed to all those who want to try their hand at designing luminaires for interiors, even without a specific engineering background.
New Dimensions of Business Reporting and XBRL
The authors of this book analyse the social and technical nature and role of XBRL in information supply chains and capital markets as well as the XBRL standard and taxonomies. They provide a critical view of XBRL from a research perspective, present different projects in the XBRL area and indicate future directions for XBRL research. Current research questions are taken up and discussed from different perspectives. From a technical point of view, the research spectrum encompasses the internal perspective up to the final user layer. Apart from these technical issues, there are also key socio-technical aspects which are vital to the understanding of XBRL use.
New Developments in Computational Fluid Dynamics ; Proceedings of the Sixth International Nobeyama Workshop on the New Century of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Nobeyama, Japan, April 21 to 24, 2003
This volume contains 20 papers in Nobeyama Workshop focuses on predicting the next one hundred years of development of Fluid Dynamics, accounting for the current status and future trends of high performance computation and communication.
New Design for Old Buildings
Explores design, materials and technical considerations in creating the best low energy, ecological and sustainable retrofits. It has never been more important to understand how old buildings can be adapted to make them useful and sustainable in the future. Showcasing the best examples of imaginative design and best practice, this book illustrates how old buildings can be made sustainable through the best new design and puts these design exemplars into a historical and philosophical context. With illustrative case studies and interviews throughout, including formal buildings, churches, domestic buildings, commercial, industrial and agricultural from all periods in the UK, New Design for Old Buildings provides essential guidance on good, imaginative new design for old buildings.
New challenges in software engineering ; Vol 1
Explores the key challenges shaping the future of software development, including automation, AI-driven development, security-focused engineering, resilient and autonomous architectures, business process optimization, cloud computing, microservices, high-performance distributed systems, and sustainable technologies. Software engineering is undergoing a constant transformation, driven by rapid technological advances and evolving market demands. additionally, it delves into the ethical considerations of AI, the evolution of intuitive user interfaces, and the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration.
New Carbon Based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems : Batteries, Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells
This NATO-ARW volume contains a diverse collection of papers addressing the role of carbon in some key electrochemical systems, both conventional and emerging. These papers discuss the latest issues associated with development, synthesis, characterization and use of new advanced carbonaceous materials for electrochemical energy storage. Such systems include: metal-air primary and rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, cathodes and anodes of lithium-ion and lithium polymer rechargeable batteries, as well as nanocarbon materials of the future.
New Aspects in Phosphorus Chemistry V
The use of polyphosphazenes as fluoroelastomers, flame retardants and self-extinguishing macromolecules, polymeric ionic conductors, biomaterials, and photosensitive polymeric compounds is outlined. This volume,as well as the four precedent volumes,describes only in part the huge number of original papers on phosphorus-related topics. Some further volumes will be necessary in the future to cover all aspects of this chemistry in perpetual rebirth.
New and Old Routes of Portuguese Emigration : Uncertain Futures at the Periphery of Europe
This book offers a comparative overview on Portuguese emigration in Europe and outside the EU in times of recession. In addition to the dynamics of movement, the book provides an in-depth analysis of the heterogeneity of this emigration. It deepens the multifaceted identities concerning social and professional pathways among highly skilled and less skilled emigrants. The labour market continues to be the main regulatory force of Portuguese emigration, which helps to explain the outflow and the processes of settlement and return. Nonetheless, this book demonstrates that non-economic factors have likewise been of great importance in the decision to emigrate.
New and Evolving Infections of the 21st Century
This new volume of the Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century Series, has complied a collection of chapters by leading authorities of the world on emerging & evolving infections that is a must read for anyone interested in this topic. The chapters by reknown experts have provided a wealth of up-date information, such as clinical spectrum of disease, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, prevention and future research.
Neutron Spin Echo in Polymer Systems
Neutron spin echo spectroscopy (NSE) provides the unique opportunity to unravel the molecular dynamics of polymer chains in space and time, covering most of the relevant length and time scales. This article reviews in a comprehensive form recent advances in the application of NSE to problems in polymer physics and describes in terms of examples expected future trends. The review commences with a description of NSE covering both the generic longitudinal field set-up as well as the resonance technique. Then, NSE results for homopolymers chains are presented, covering all length scales from the very local secondary J3-relaxation to large scale reptation. This overview is the core of the review. Thereafter the dynamics of more complex systems is addressed. Starting from polymer blends, diblock copolymers, gels, micelles, stars and dendrirners, rubbery electrolytes and biological macromolecules are discussed. Wherever possible the review relates the NSE findings to the results of other techniques, in particular emphasizing computer simulations.
Networking and Mobile Computing ; 3rd International Conference, ICCNMC 2005, Zhangjiajie, China, August 2-4, 2005, Proceedings
The objective of this conference was to address and capture highly innovative and stateof-the-art research and work in the networks and mobile computing industries. ICCNMC 2005 allowed sharing of the underlying theories and applications, and the establishment of new and long-term collaborative channels aimed at developing innovative concepts and solutions geared to future markets. The highly positive response to ICCNMC 2001 and ICCNMC 2003, held in Beijing and Shanghai, respectively, encouraged us to continue this international event. In its third year, ICCNMC 2005 continued to provide a forum for researchers, professionals, and industrial practitioners from around the world to report on new advances in computer network and mobile computing, as well as to identify issues and directions for research and development in the new era of evolving technologies.
Network-Aware Security for Group Communications
Network-Aware Security for Group Communications fills a growing need in the research community for a reference that describes the state-of-the-art in securing group communications in emerging networks and for future applications. The growth of multi-user services makes it essential that a complementary suite of security solutions are deployed in order to protect these services from a broad spectrum of security threats that are unique to group communications. This book is focused on tailoring security solutions to the underlying network architecture (such as the wireless cellular network, or ad hoc and sensor networks), or to targeted applications using methods tailored for that application (such as multimedia multicasts).
