الصفحة 14
الصفحة 14
Micro- and Macro-Properties of Solids : Thermal, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties
Each of the eight chapters treats an important aspect of solid state physics, comprising a complete review of the particular field. Typically, a chapter starts with basic information about a property of a solid and the related experimental techniques. This is followed by a global overview which brings together all important contributions by different research workers in the field. This overview is comprehensive and covers essential literature over the past 60 years. Each chapter concludes with a detailed discussion of the contributions made by the chapter authors and their associates, in some cases spanning the last 45 years. In addition, Micro- and Macro-Properties of Solids provides data on new materials such as rare-earth metals, semiconductors, ferroelectrics, mixed-valence compounds, superionic conductors, optical and optoelectronic materials and biomaterials.
Metric Handbook : Planning and Design Data
A major handbook of planning and design data for architects and architecture students. Covering basic design data for all the major building types, it is the ideal starting point for any project. For each building type, the book gives the basic design requirements and all the principal dimensional data, and succinct guidance on how to use the information and what regulations the designer needs to be aware of.
Methods of Legal Reasoning
The book attempts to describe and criticize four methods used in legal practice, legal dogmatics and legal theory: logic, analysis, argumentation and hermeneutics. Apart from a presentation of basic ideas connected with the above mentioned methods, the essays contained in this book seek to answer questions concerning the assumptions standing behind these methods, the limits of using them and their usefulness in the practice and theory of law. A specific feature of the book is that in one study four different, sometimes competing concepts of legal method are discussed. The panorama, sketched like this, allows one to reflect deeply on the questions concerning the methodological conditioning of legal science and the existence of a unique, specific legal method. The authors argue that there exists no such method.
Methods of Celestial Mechanics: Vol. I: Physical, Mathematical, and Numerical Principles
G. Beutler's Methods of Celestial Mechanics is a coherent textbook for students in physics, mathematics and engineering as well as an excellent reference for practitioners. This Volume I gives a thorough treatment of celestial mechanics and presents all the necessary mathematical details that a professional would need. After a brief review of the history of celestial mechanics, the equations of motion (Newtonian and relativistic versions) are developed for planetary systems (N-body-problem), for artificial Earth satellites, and for extended bodies (which includes the problem of Earth and lunar rotation). Perturbation theory is outlined in an elementary way from generally known mathematical principles without making use of the advanced tools of analytical mechanics. The variational equations associated with orbital motion - of fundamental importance for parameter estimation (e.g., orbit determination), numerical error propagation, and stability considerations - are introduced and their properties discussed in considerable detail. Numerical methods, especially for orbit determination and orbit improvement, are discussed in considerable depth. The algorithms may be easily applied to objects of the planetary system and to Earth satellites and space debris.
Methods of Celestial Mechanics ; Vol. II : Application to Planetary System, Geodynamics and Satellite Geodesy
G. Beutler's Methods of Celestial Mechanics is a coherent textbook for students as well as an excellent reference for practitioners. Volume II is devoted to the applications and to the presentation of the program system CelestialMechanics. Three major areas of applications are covered: (1) Orbital and rotational motion of extended celestial bodies. The properties of the Earth-Moon system are developed from the simplest case (rigid bodies) to more general cases, including the rotation of an elastic Earth, the rotation of an Earth partly covered by oceans and surrounded by an atmosphere, and the rotation of an Earth composed of a liquid core and a rigid shell (Poincaré model). (2) Artificial Earth Satellites. The oblateness perturbation acting on a satellite and the exploitation of its properties in practice is discussed using simulation methods (CelestialMechanics) and (simplified) first order perturbation methods. The perturbations due to the higher-order terms of the Earth's gravitational potential and resonant perturbations are considered thereafter. Special attention is paid to satellites of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems and to geostationary satellites. The characteristics of and models for the two most important non-gravitational forces, atmospheric drag and radiation pressure, are presented as well as the most relevant forces acting on high- and low-orbiting satellites. (3) Evolution of the Planetary System. The outer planetary system consisting of the planets Jupiter to Pluto is studied over long time intervals using simulation methods and spectral analysis (CelestialMechanics). The properties of the inner systems, in particular of the Earth's orbit, are made visible by integrating the entire system over long time intervals relevant for climate change. The distribution of minor planets and their orbital properties, regular orbits, and chaotic orbits are easily generated and analyzed using CelestialMechanics. The volume concludes with the discussion of important mathematical tools of the program system and of the principles of spectral analysis.
Methods in Nonlinear Analysis
Nonlinear analysis has developed rapidly in the last three decades. Theories, techniques and results in many different branches of mathematics have been combined in solving nonlinear problems. This book collects and reorganizes up-to-date materials scattered throughout the literature from the methodology point of view, and presents them in a systematic way. It contains the basic theories and methods with many interesting problems in partial and ordinary differential equations, differential geometry and mathematical physics as applications.There are five chapters that cover linearization, fixed-point theorems based on compactness and convexity, topological degree theory, minimization and topological variational methods. Each chapter combines abstract, classical and applied analysis. Particular topics included are bifurcation, perturbation, gluing technique, transversality, Nash–Moser technique, Ky Fan's inequality and Nash equilibrium in game theory, setvalued mappings and differential equations with discontinuous nonlinear terms, multiple solutions in partial differential equations, direct method, quasiconvexity and relaxation, Young measure, compensation compactness method and Hardy space, concentration compactness and best constants, Ekeland variational principle, infinite-dimensional Morse theory, minimax method, index theory with group action, and Conley index theory.
Methodology of Uniform Contract Law : The UNIDROIT Principles in International Legal Doctrine and Practice
In this book, the author examines uniform contract law comprehensively in all relevant areas of legal doctrine and practice and considers the barriers which exist toward it in modern nation states, namely in the German and English legal systems. She suggests ways in which these barriers can be overcome and develops an autonomous methodology of interpretation of transnational contract principles. The author wants to encourage the use of existing uniform transnational law rules, such as the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts, which are analysed here as an example.
Methodological Investigations in Agent-Based Modelling : With Applications for the Social Sciences
Examines the methodological complications of using complexity science concepts within the social science domain. The opening chapters take the reader on a tour through the development of simulation methodologies in the fields of artificial life and population biology, then demonstrates the growing popularity and relevance of these methods in the social sciences. Following an in-depth analysis of the potential impact of these methods on social science and social theory, the text provides substantive examples of the application of agent-based models in the field of demography. This work offers a unique combination of applied simulation work and substantive, in-depth philosophical analysis, and as such has potential appeal for specialist social scientists, complex systems scientists, and philosophers of science interested in the methodology of simulation and the practice of interdisciplinary computing research.
Methodological approaches to societies in transformation : How to make sense of change
This book provides methodological devices and analytical frameworks for the study of societies in transformation. It explores a central paradox in the study of change: making sense of change requires long-term perspectives on societal transformations and on the different ways people experience social change, whereas the research carried out to study change is necessarily limited to a relatively short space of time. This volume offers a range of methodological responses to this challenge by paying attention to the complex entanglement of qualitative research and the metanarratives generally used to account for change.
Method validation in pharmaceutical analysis
Provides hands-on information for readers involved in development, validation, and continued maintenance and evaluation of analytical procedures in pharmaceutical analysis. This newly revised and updated Third Edition includes much-needed interpretation of the most recent ICH guidelines for validation and method development, as well as recent publications of the USP on Analytical Procedure Lifecycle Management and the activities of the British Pharmacopeia AQbD Working Party. It also addresses hot topics in the field such as data integrity and continuous monitoring of analytical performance.
Metals in Society and in the Environment : A Critical Review of Current Knowledge on Fluxes, Speciation, Bioavailability and Risk for Adverse Effects of Copper, Chromium, Nickel and Zinc
In 2002, the Swedish Metal Information Task Force (MITF) engaged the Environmental Research Group (MFG) to update previous monographs on copper, zinc and major alloying metals (such as chromium, nickel and molybdenum) in society and in the environment. This book presents new results on metal fluxes from society to the environment, on metal speciation in water, soil and sediment, and its interpretation in terms of mobility, biological uptake and toxicity. The scientific fundamentals of new approaches, like the Acid Volatile Sulphide (AVS) concept to predict metal bioavailability in sediments, and the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) to calculate the toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms, are critically evaluated, with a focus on copper, nickel, zinc, and, in part, chromium.
Metalliferous Sediments of the World Ocean : Fundamental Theory of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Sedimentation
Dramatic advances in understanding global tectonics have been made in the last half century and the information and specific data acquired on the floor of the World Ocean by the scientific community probably has exc- ded that available in all previous time. With the benefit of new technology and advanced concepts in the earth sciences extensive exploration of the deep seabed became possible, and has been carried out in many parts of the world. Many features have been recognized and data recorded that are vital for understanding the fundamental processes that shape the earth=s surface and control the habitable environment. The data collected to date on the o- an floor and its physical environment greatly exceeds our understanding and appreciation of their fundamental importance in the earth sciences, and our ability to apply this knowledge effectively in improving our way of life.
Metakaolin and Fly Ash as Mineral Admixtures for Concrete
Deals with modern theoretical concepts related to the impact of fly ash and metakaolin admixtures on structure formation processes of concrete. Results of the effect of fly ash, metakaolin and their composition on properties of self-compacting and self-leveling concrete are presented. Based on mathematical models, obtained using mathematical experiments planning methodology, the impact of the main factors and their combination on workability, strength and other properties that determine efficiency and durability of concrete are analyzed. Using calculated dependencies, a methodology for designing optimal compositions of concrete containing active mineral admixtures and superplasticizers is proposed. Features of industrial production of concrete for the proposed compositions are discussed. The book is intended for specialists working in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete products and elements. It can also be used by construction engineers to design compositions of cost-effective self-compacting and self-leveling concrete as well as to determine the rational direction of using technogenic raw materials like ash and metakaolin.
Metainformatics ; International Symposium, MIS 2004, Salzburg, Austria, September 15-18, 2004, Revised Selected Papers
Constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the Metainformatics Symposium, MIS 2004, held in Salzburg, Austria. This book reviews 17 papers that are devoted to finding useful abstractions, analytical frameworks, and systems that improve the understanding of the underlying structure of disciplines and families of systems within computer science.
Metaheuristic Optimization via Memory and Evolution : Tabu Search and Scatter Search
Tabu Search (TS) and, more recently, Scatter Search (SS) have proved highly effective in solving a wide range of optimization problems, and have had a variety of applications in industry, science, and government. The goal of METAHEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION VIA MEMORY AND EVOLUTION: Tabu Search and Scatter Search is to report original research on algorithms and applications of tabu search, scatter search or both, as well as variations and extensions having "adaptive memory programming" as a primary focus. Individual chapters identify useful new implementations or new ways to integrate and apply the principles of TS and SS, or that prove new theoretical results, or describe the successful application of these methods to real world problems.The chapters of this book provide a series of landmarks along the way as we investigate and seek to better understand the elements of tabu search and scatter search that account for their successes in an astonishingly varied range of applications.
Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms in Civil Engineering : New Applications
Discusses the application of metaheuristic algorithms in a number of important optimization problems in civil engineering. Advances in civil engineering technologies require greater accuracy, efficiency and speed in terms of the analysis and design of the corresponding systems. As such, it is not surprising that novel methods have been developed for the optimal design of real-world systems and models with complex configurations and large numbers of elements.
Meshfree Methods for Partial Differential Equations IV
The numerical treatment of partial differential equations with particle methods and meshfree discretization techniques is a very active research field both in the mathematics and engineering community. Due to their independence of a mesh, particle schemes and meshfree methods can deal with large geometric changes of the domain more easily than classical discretization techniques. Furthermore, meshfree methods offer a promising approach for the coupling of particle models to continuous models. This volume of LNCSE is a collection of the proceedings papers of the Fourth International Workshop on Meshfree Methods held in September 2007 in Bonn. The articles address the different meshfree methods (SPH, PUM, GFEM, EFGM, RKPM, etc.) and their application in applied mathematics, physics and engineering. The volume is intended to foster this very active and exciting area of interdisciplinary research and to present recent advances and results in this field.
Meshfree Methods for Partial Differential Equations II
A Particle Strategy for Solving the Fokker-Planck Equation Modelling the Fiber Orientation Distribution in Steady Recirculating Flows Involving Short Fiber Suspensions.- Extended Meshfree Method for Elastic and Inelastic Media.- Meshfree Petrov-Galerkin Methods for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations.- The ?-shape Based Natural Element Method in Solid and Fluid Mechanics.- A Particle-Partition of Unity Method Part VI: A p-robust Multilevel Solver.- Enriched Reproducing Kernel Approximation: Reproducing Functions with Discontinuous Derivatives.- Reproducing Kernel Element Interpolation: Globally Conforming I m/C n/P k Hierarchies.- Multi-scale Analysis Using Two Influence Radii in EFGM.- Solution of a Dynamic Main Crack Interaction with a System of Micro-Cracks by the Element Free Galerkin Method.- Finite Cover Method for Physically and Geometrically Nonlinear Problems.- A Numerical Scheme for Solving Incompressible and Low Mach Number Flows by the Finite Pointset Method.- SPH Renormalized Hybrid Methods for Conservation Laws: Applications to Free Surface Flows.- Discontinuous Radial Basis Function Approximations for Meshfree Methods.- Treating Moving Interfaces in Thermal Models with the C-NEM.- Bridging Scale Particle and Finite Element Methods.
Mente e Cuore : Clinica psicologica della malattia cardiaca = Mind and heart : Psychological Clinic of Heart Disease
Recent data has shown that there is a relationship between psychological conditions and heart disease. Furthermore, psychological interventions on patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) can reduce heart risk and improve their quality of life. This volume, which is the result of collaboration with the most committed international researchers in the field of clinical psychology and health applied to heart disease, presents an updated and complete overview of scientific research in this area. The first part of the volume presents the psychological pictures and relational aspects associated with heart disease with a particular focus on personality traits. The second part illustrates the psychological interventions in cardiac rehabilitation that research has shown to be effective in reducing cardiac risk. This text can be a useful reference to the practice of doctors, psychologists and health professionals who want to understand and deepen the link between heart disease and psychological aspects.
Memory B-cells : Methods and protocols
Details in methods to assess memory B cell formation and function in mice and humans. Chapters guide readers through tetramer-based methods to assess antigen-specific memory B cell dynamics in humans and mice in different vaccine, next-generation deep-sequencing, single-cell techniques to assess epigenomic, VDJ landscapes, lymph node aspirates from humans, advanced imaging, murine models to determine memory B cells formation, and bioinformatic techniques and in silico modelling of memory b cell formation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
