الصفحة 12
الصفحة 12
New Carbon Based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems : Batteries, Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells
This NATO-ARW volume contains a diverse collection of papers addressing the role of carbon in some key electrochemical systems, both conventional and emerging. These papers discuss the latest issues associated with development, synthesis, characterization and use of new advanced carbonaceous materials for electrochemical energy storage. Such systems include: metal-air primary and rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, cathodes and anodes of lithium-ion and lithium polymer rechargeable batteries, as well as nanocarbon materials of the future.
New Business Models for the Reuse of Secondary Resources from WEEEs : The FENIX Project
This book summarizes research being pursued within the FENIX project, funded by the EU community under the H2020 programme, the goal of which is to design a new product service paradigm able to promote innovative business models, to open added value to the vessels and to create new market segments. It experiments and validates its approach on three new concepts of added-value specialized vessels able to run requested services for several maritime sectors in the most effective, efficient, economic valuable and eco-friendly way. The three vessels share the same lean design methodology, IoT tools and HPC simulation strategy: a lean fact-based design model approach, which combines real operative data at sea with lean methodology, to support the development and implementation of the vessel concepts; IT customized tools to enable the acquisition, processing and usage of on board and local weather data, through an IoT platform, to provide business services to different stakeholders; HPC simulation, providing a virtual towing tank environment, for early vessel design improvement and testing. The book demonstrates that an integrated LCC analysis and LCC strategy to guarantee sustainability to vessels concepts and the proper environmental attention inside the maritime industry.
New Aspects of Zirconium Containing Organic Compounds
Metal carbene complexes have made their way from organometallic curiosities to valuable reagents and catalysts. They offer novel synthetic opportunities in carbon-carbon bond formation based on either carbene-centered reactions or on metal-templated processes which makes them indispensable in modern synthetic methodology. The most prominent metal carbenes are now either commercially available or easy to synthesize and handle with modern laboratory techniques. This volume organized in eight chapters written by the leading scientists in the field illustrates the theoretical background, non-classical nucleophilic and cycloaddition patterns, chromium-templated benzannulation and photo-induced reactions, rhodium-catalyzed carbene transfer as well as the principles and applications of olefin metathesis which has coined the progress in synthetic methodology over the past decade. Designed for researchers in academia and industry as well as graduate students it presents the state-of-the-art potential of carbene complexes in modern organic synthesis.
New Aspects in Phosphorus Chemistry V
The use of polyphosphazenes as fluoroelastomers, flame retardants and self-extinguishing macromolecules, polymeric ionic conductors, biomaterials, and photosensitive polymeric compounds is outlined. This volume,as well as the four precedent volumes,describes only in part the huge number of original papers on phosphorus-related topics. Some further volumes will be necessary in the future to cover all aspects of this chemistry in perpetual rebirth.
New architecture in wood : forms and structures
Building with wood is currently enjoying a comeback. The reasons for the return of this ancient construction material are manifold. More than just being a renewable material that stores the carbon dioxide so damaging to the climate, it also has excellent structural properties, creates an ideal interior climate, and is easily combined with all other common building materials. The diverse applications can draw on expertise with wooden structures gained over centuries plus current research into modern timber engineering. Significant new developments in this specialist discipline have been seen in recent decades, especially in the German-speaking countries.
New Approaches to Circle Packing in a Square : With Program Codes
This book summarizes results achieved in solving the circle packing problem over the past few years, providing the reader with a comprehensive view of both theoretical and computational achievements. Typically illustrations of problem solutions are shown, elegantly displaying the results obtained.Beyond the theoretically challenging character of the problem, the solution methods developed in the book also have many practical applications. Direct applications include cutting out congruent two-dimensional objects from an expensive material, or locating points within a square in such a way that the shortest distance between them is maximal.
New approach to deal with fibromyalgia
You must have walked once among the colorful fields of flowers, enjoying their colors, aromas and touches, but have you ever thought that these beautiful creatures could contain many constituents that have healing properties and be one day a part of your therapy ! Aromatherapy is a holistic healing treatment that uses natural plant extracts to promote health and well-being; it is used in the management of many diseases including a very common syndrome nowadays: Acute or chronic stress/ pain in localized body spots may trigger or aggravate symptoms knowon as fibromyalgia (FM). In this research we're going to discuss this syndrome which is very widespread, but rarely well-diagnosed and associated with many complex and unclear mechanisms. A new approach to deal with FM will be introduced to you subsequently.
New and Old Routes of Portuguese Emigration : Uncertain Futures at the Periphery of Europe
This book offers a comparative overview on Portuguese emigration in Europe and outside the EU in times of recession. In addition to the dynamics of movement, the book provides an in-depth analysis of the heterogeneity of this emigration. It deepens the multifaceted identities concerning social and professional pathways among highly skilled and less skilled emigrants. The labour market continues to be the main regulatory force of Portuguese emigration, which helps to explain the outflow and the processes of settlement and return. Nonetheless, this book demonstrates that non-economic factors have likewise been of great importance in the decision to emigrate.
New and emerging plant viruses : the threat to food security
Despite intensive efforts to manage and prevent plant viruses and their potential vectors in crop production processes, many crops are damaged each year. This new book reviews the progress made to date and the challenges ahead in the field of plant viruses and agricultural production. It sheds light on previously undiscovered plant viruses, bringing together information on the detection and tracking, host interaction, evolution, and management. The first section covers the various hidden sources of plant viruses such as from wild plants, weeds, and tobacco as well as other undetermined plant virus sources. The second section covers the implications of mixed infection on disease pathogenicity and epidemiology, provides an understanding of the virus and host relationship, and presents an overview of plant viruses from old to new.
New Algorithms, Architectures and Applications for Reconfigurable Computing
New Algorithms, Architectures and Applications for Reconfigurable Computing consists of a collection of contributions from the authors of some of the best papers from the Field Programmable Logic conference (FPL’03) and the Design and Test Europe conference (DATE’03).
New Age herbals : Resource, quality and pharmacognosy
Importance of herbs (medicinal plants) can hardly be overemphasized. They are exploited for manyfold applications, ranging from phytopharmaceuticals, to nutraceuticals, to cosmetics and many others. Keeping in view the richness of herbs and their vast potential, this book collates the most up-to-date knowledge of important herbs and herbals. The book also gives an overview of some issues causing hindrance in the promotion of herbals. This book attempts to compile the rich experience of experts working on various herbs. New age single plant species, having multiple medicinal traits worth exploiting i.e. Hippophae rhamnoides (seabuckthorn), and Morinda citrifolia (noni) also find place as full chapters in the book.
New Advances in Virtual Humans: Artificial Intelligence Environment
In this book, various aspects of cognitive and emotional behaviour is described. In chapter one, a state of the art introduction to VH is presented and the associated research is given. In Chapter 2, cognitive and emotions processes are described. A Comprehensive context model for multi-party interactions with the VH is given in the next chapter. Finally, it is very important to model the socializing of groups of virtual humans. This is discussed in Chapter 4. The automatic modelling of expressions for VH is described in Chapter 5. The last chapter gives a case study of an intelligent kios avatar and its usability.
Neutrophil : Methods and Protocols
Neutrophils, the most abundant white cells in humans, serve as the primary cellular defense against infection. This volume provides a concise set of protocols for assessing basic neutrophil functions and investigating specialized areas in neutrophil biology. Each of the protocols is written by leading researchers in the field and includes hints for success, as well as guidance for troubleshooting. Part I contains overviews of neutrophil biology, function, and disorders. Part II describes commonly used methods to isolate neutrophils from humans and other animal species. Part III details methods for investigating chemotaxis, transmigration, phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity. Part IV includes protocols that measure neutrophil apoptosis, calcium signal transduction, degranulation and detection of cytoplasmic granules, gene expression, transcription factors, and apoptosis. Part V provides multiple assays for measuring production of intracellular and/or extracellular reactive oxygen species, and a method that details use of the cell-free NADPH oxidase assay, an iconic assay for studies of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase. Part VI provides chapters that describe how to analyze formation and function of neutrophil extracellular traps.
Neutron Stars 1 : Equation of State and Structure
The book gives an extended review of theoretical and observational aspects of neutron star physics. With masses comparable to that of the Sun and radii of about ten kilometres, neutron stars are the densest stars in the Universe. This book describes all layers of neutron stars, from the surface to the core, with the emphasis on their structure and equation of state.
Neutron Spin Echo in Polymer Systems
Neutron spin echo spectroscopy (NSE) provides the unique opportunity to unravel the molecular dynamics of polymer chains in space and time, covering most of the relevant length and time scales. This article reviews in a comprehensive form recent advances in the application of NSE to problems in polymer physics and describes in terms of examples expected future trends. The review commences with a description of NSE covering both the generic longitudinal field set-up as well as the resonance technique. Then, NSE results for homopolymers chains are presented, covering all length scales from the very local secondary J3-relaxation to large scale reptation. This overview is the core of the review. Thereafter the dynamics of more complex systems is addressed. Starting from polymer blends, diblock copolymers, gels, micelles, stars and dendrirners, rubbery electrolytes and biological macromolecules are discussed. Wherever possible the review relates the NSE findings to the results of other techniques, in particular emphasizing computer simulations.
Neutron Scattering in Biology : Techniques and Applications
The advent of new neutron facilities and the improvement of existing sources and instruments world wide supply the biological community with many new opportunities in the areas of structural biology and biological physics. The present volume offers a clear description of the various neutron-scattering techniques currently being used to answer biologically relevant questions. Their utility is illustrated through examples by some of the leading researchers in the field of neutron scattering. This volume will be a reference for researchers and a step-by-step guide for young scientists entering the field and the advanced graduate student.
Neutron and X-ray Spectroscopy
Neutron and X-Ray Spectroscopy delivers an up-to-date account of the principles and practice of inelastic and spectroscopic methods available at neutron and synchrotron sources, including recent developments. The chapters are based on a course of lectures and practicals (the HERCULES course) delivered to young scientists who require these methods in their professional careers. Each chapter, written by a leading specialist in the field, introduces the basic concepts of the technique and provides an overview of recent work. This volume, which focuses on spectroscopic techniques in synchrotron radiation and inelastic neutron scattering, will be a primary source of information for physicists, chemists and materials scientists who wish to acquire a basic understanding of these techniques and to discover the possibilities offered by them. Emphasizing the complementarity of the neutron and X-ray methods, this tutorial will also be invaluable to scientists already working in neighboring fields who seek to extend their knowledge.
Neurovascular Surgery : Surgical Approaches for Neurovascular Diseases
This book presents the diagnosis, investigation and treatment of neurovascular diseases, and offers expert opinions and advice on avoiding complications in neurovascular surgery. It also covers complication management and post-operative follow-up care. The book is divided in to three parts; the first part discusses common approaches in neurovascular surgery, describing the steps, indications for and limitations of the approach, as well as the associated complications and how to avoid them. The second part addresses surgical treatment based on pathology, taking the different locations of lesions into consideration. The third part focuses on the technological developments that support neurovascular surgery, which may not be available everywhere, but have been included to help vascular surgeon understand the principles.
Neurotransmitter Interactions and Cognitive Function
Cognitive function involves the participation of many different neurotransmitter systems in a variety of brain areas. The centerpiece of investigation regarding cognitive function has classically been the cholinergic system, but it has become increasingly clear that other transmitter systems interact with cholinergic systems to provide the neural basis for cognitive function. This book brings together cutting edge research to determine how the transmitter interactions form the mechanistic bases for attention, learning and memory. This research on transmitter interactions not only provides a more accurate, though complex, picture of how the brain works to provide cognitive function, it also provides important new levels of understanding about the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction and novel avenues for therapeutic treatment. The researchers who contributed to this volume both reviewed the latest findings but also point to the directions of advancement of the field of neurotransmitter interactions and cognitive function.
Neurosurgery : Principles and Practice
This book provides coverage of a broad range of topics in the ?eld of neurosurgery, 5 for residents and registrars in training and for recent graduates of training programs. 6 As neurosurgical training incorporates expertise from centers worldwide, there is a 7 need to have input from specialists in neurosurgery from various countries. This text 8 is a compilation by expert authors in the USA and the UK to provide information on 9 the basic knowledge and clinical management required for optimal care of neuro- 2011 surgical patients. 1 The text is an up-to-date synopsis of the ?eld of neurosurgery from American and 2 British perspectives, which covers the most common clinical conditions encountered 3 by neurosurgeons. The chapters are organized under broad topics, including inves- 4 tigative studies, perioperative care, the role of newer techniques and the management 5 of tumors, vascular and traumatic lesions. Additional topics are then covered, includ- 6 ing pediatrics, spine and peripheral nerve lesions, as well as functional neurosurgery 7 and infections. We anticipate that trainees will ?nd this information useful for certi?- 8 cation examinations and recent graduates of neurosurgical training programs can 9 utilize this text as an update of the most important neurosurgical topics.
