الصفحة 4
الصفحة 4
Basic theoretical physics : A concise overview
This concise treatment embraces, in four parts, all the main aspects of theoretical physics (I . Mechanics and Basic Relativity, II. Electrodynamics and Aspects of Optics, III. Non-relativistic Quantum Mechanics, IV. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics). It summarizes the material that every graduate student, physicist working in industry, or physics teacher should master during his or her degree course. It thus serves both as an excellent revision and preparation tool, and as a convenient reference source, covering the whole of theoretical physics. It may also be successfully employed to deepen its readers' insight and add new dimensions to their understanding of these fundamental concepts. Recent topics such as holography and quantum cryptography are included, thus making this a unique contribution to the learning material for theoretical physics.
Basic principles and applications of probability theory
This introductory chapter discusses such notions as determinism, chaos and randomness, p- dictibility and unpredictibility, some initial approaches to formalizing r- domness and it surveys certain problems that can be solved by probability theory. This will perhaps give one an idea to what extent the theory can - swer questions arising in speci?c random occurrences and the character of the answers provided by the theory. 1. 1 The Nature of Randomness The phrase “by chance” has no single meaning in ordinary language. For instance, it may mean unpremeditated, nonobligatory, unexpected, and so on. Its opposite sense is simpler: “not by chance” signi?es obliged to or bound to (happen). In philosophy, necessity counteracts randomness. Necessity signi?es conforming to law – it can be expressed by an exact law. The basic laws of mechanics, physics and astronomy can be formulated in terms of precise quantitativerelationswhichmustholdwithironcladnecessity.
Basic bundle theory and K-Cohomology invariants
Based on several recent courses given to mathematical physics students, this volume is an introduction to bundle theory with the aim to provide newcomers to the field with solid foundations in topological K-theory. A fundamental theme, emphasized in the book, centers around the gluing of local bundle data related to bundles into a global object. One renewed motivation for studying this subject, which has developed for almost 50 years in many directions, comes from quantum field theory, especially string theory, where topological invariants play an important role.
Axions : Theory, Cosmology, and Experimental Searches
Axions are peculiar hypothetical particles that could both solve the CP problem of quantum chromodynamics and at the same time account for the dark matter of the universe. Based on a series of lectures by world experts in this field held at CERN (Geneva), this volume provides a pedagogical introduction to the theory, cosmology and astrophysics of these fascinating particles and gives an up-to-date account of the status and prospect of ongoing and planned experimental searches. Learners and practitioners of astroparticle physics will find in this book both a concise introduction and a current reference work to a showcase topic that connects the "inner space" of the elementary particle world with the "outer space" of the universe at large.
Automatic Quantum Computer Programming : A Genetic Programming Approach
Computer science will be radically transformed if ongoing efforts to build large-scale quantum computers eventually succeed and if the properties of these computers meet optimistic expectations. Nevertheless, computer scientists still lack a thorough understanding of the power of quantum computing, and it is not always clear how best to utilize the power that it is understood. This dilemma exists because quantum algorithms are difficult to grasp and even more difficult to write. Despite large-scale international efforts, only a few important quantum algorithms are documented, leaving many essential questions about the potential of quantum algorithms unanswered.
Automatic Differentiation : Applications, Theory, and Implementations
This collection covers the state of the art in automatic differentiation theory and practice. Practitioners and students will learn about advances in automatic differentiation techniques and strategies for the implementation of robust and powerful tools. Computational scientists and engineers will benefit from the discussion of applications, which provide insight into effective strategies for using automatic differentiation for design optimization, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty quantification.
Attention in Cognitive Systems : Theories and Systems from an Interdisciplinary Viewpoint ; 4th International Workshop on Attention in Cognitive Systems, WAPCV 2007 Hyderabad, India, January 8, 2007 Revised Selected Papers
The embodied nature of sensory-motor intelligence requires a continuous and focused interplay between the control of motor activities and the interpretation of feedback from perceptual modalities. Decision making about the selection of information from the incoming sensory stream – in tune with contextual processing on a current task and an agent’s global objectives – becomes a further challenging issue in attentional control. Attention must operate at interfaces between bottom-up driven world int- pretation and top-down driven information selection, thus acting at the core of arti?cial cognitive systems. These insights have already induced changes in AI-related disciplines, such as the design of behavior-based robot control and the computational modeling of animats. Today, the development of enabling technologiessuch as autonomous robotic systems,miniaturizedmobile–evenwearable–sensors,andambientintelligence systems involves the real-time analysis of enormous quantities of data. These data have to be processed in an intelligent way to provide “on time delivery” of the required relevant information. Knowledge has to be applied about what needs to be attended to, and when, and what to do in a meaningful sequence, in correspondence with visual feedback.
Asymmetry : The foundation of information
As individual needs have arisen in the fields of physics, electrical engineering and computational science, each has created its own theories of information to serve as conceptual instruments for advancing developments. This book provides a coherent consolidation of information theories from these different fields.It provides a versatile tool for quantifying complexity and information capacity in any physical system.
Applied cryptography and network security ; 18th International Conference, ACNS 2020, Rome, Italy, October 19–22, 2020, Proceedings, Part II
This two-volume set of LNCS 12146 and 12147 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security, ACNS 2020, held in Rome, Italy, in October 2020.The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 46 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 214 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: cryptographic protocols cryptographic primitives, attacks on cryptographic primitives, encryption and signature, blockchain and cryptocurrency, secure multi-party computation, post-quantum cryptography.
Applied Cryptography and Network Security ; 18th International Conference, ACNS 2020, Rome, Italy, October 19–22, 2020, Proceedings, Part I
This two-volume set of LNCS 12146 and 12147 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security, ACNS 2020, held in Rome, Italy, in October 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 46 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 214 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: cryptographic protocols cryptographic primitives, attacks on cryptographic primitives, encryption and signature, blockchain and cryptocurrency, secure multi-party computation, post-quantum cryptography.
Anti-Spam Measures : Analysis and Design
The goal of this book is the methodical analysis of the potential, limitations, advantages, and drawbacks of anti-spam measures. These determine to which extent the measures can contribute to the reduction of spam in the long run. The range of considered anti-spam measures includes legislative, organizational, behavioral and technological ones. Furthermore, the conceptual development and analysis of an infrastructural email framework that features such a complementary application, is pointed out. The technological and organizational facets, the framework is analyzed twofold: its theoretical effectiveness is assessed with the aid of the formal model mentioned above, its storage and traffic requirements are analyzed quantitatively.
An Introduction to Quantum and Vassiliev Knot Invariants
Provides an accessible introduction to knot theory, focussing on Vassiliev invariants, quantum knot invariants constructed via representations of quantum groups, and how these two apparently distinct theories come together through the Kontsevich invariant. Consisting of four parts, the book opens with an introduction to the fundamentals of knot theory, and to knot invariants such as the Jones polynomial. The second part introduces quantum invariants of knots, working constructively from first principles towards the construction of Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants and a description of how these arise through Drinfeld and Jimbo's quantum groups. Its third part offers an introduction to Vassiliev invariants, providing a careful account of how chord diagrams and Jacobi diagrams arise in the theory, and the role that Lie algebras play. The final part of the book introduces the Konstevich invariant. This is a universal quantum invariant and a universal Vassiliev invariant, and brings together these two seemingly different families of knot invariants. The book provides a detailed account of the construction of the Jones polynomial via the quantum groups attached to sl(2), the Vassiliev weight system arising from sl(2), and how these invariants come together through the Kontsevich invariant.
Algorithms and computation ; Vol. 4288: 17th International symposium, ISAAC 2006, Kolkata, India, December 18-20, 2006, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, ISAAC 2006, held in Kolkata, India in December 2006. The 73 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 255 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on algorithms and data structures, online algorithms, approximation algorithm, graphs, computational geometry, computational complexity, network, optimization and biology, combinatorial optimization and quantum computing, as well as distributed computing and cryptography.
Algorithms and computation ; Vol. 3827 ; 16th International symposium, ISAAC 2005, Sanya, Hainan, China, December 19-21, 2005, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, ISAAC 2005, held in China in 2005. The 112 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 549 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on computational geometry, computational optimization, graph drawing and graph algorithms, computational complexity, approximation algorithms, internet algorithms, quantum computing and cryptography, data structure, computational biology, experimental algorithm mehodologies and online algorithms, randomized algorithms, parallel and distributed algorithms, graph drawing and graph algorithms, computational complexity, combinatorial optimization, computational biology, computational complexity, computational optimization, computational geometry, approximation algorithms, graph drawing and graph algorithms, computational geometry, approximation algorithms, graph drawing and graph algorithms, and data structure.
Algorithms and computation ; 18th International symposium, ISAAC 2007, Sendai, Japan, December 17-19, 2007, Proceedings
This book presented algorithms and data structures, online algorithms, approximation algorithm, graphs, computational geometry, computational complexity, network, optimization and biology, combinatorial optimization and quantum computing, as well as distributed computing and cryptography.
Algorithms and Complexity ; 6th Italian Conference, CIAC 2006, Rome, Italy, May 29-31, 2006, Proceedings
Here are the refereed proceedings of the 6th Italian Conference on Algorithms and Computation, CIAC 2006. The 33 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers address such topics as sequential, parallel and distributed algorithms, data structures, approximation algorithms, randomized algorithms, on-line algorithms, graph algorithms, analysis of algorithms, algorithm engineering, algorithmic game theory, computational biology, computational complexity, communication networks, computational geometry, cryptography, discrete optimization, graph drawing, mathematical programming, and quantum algorithms.
Algorithms – ESA 2005 ; 13th Annual European Symposium, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, October 3-6, 2005, Proceedings
This volume contains the 75 contributed papers and the abstracts of the threeinvited lectures presented at the 13th Annual European Symposium on Algo-rithms (ESA 2005), held in Spain, 2005. respectively.Papers were solicited in all areas of algorithmic research, including but notlimited to algorithmic aspects of networks, approximation and on-line algo-rithms, computational biology, computational geometry, computational financeand algorithmic game theory, data structures, database and information re-trieval, external memory algorithms, graph algorithms, graph drawing, machinelearning, mobile computing, pattern matching and data compression, quantumcomputing, and randomized algorithms. The algorithms could be sequential,distributed, or parallel. Submissions were especially encouraged in the area ofmathematical programming and operations research, including combinatorialoptimization, integer programming, polyhedral combinatorics, and semidefiniteprogramming.Each extended abstract was submitted to one of the two tracks.
Algebraic and Proof-theoretic Aspects of Non-classical Logics : Papers in Honor of Daniele Mundici on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday
It profound connections between logic and such diverse fields of research as functional analysis, probability and measure theory, the geometry of toric varieties, piecewise linear geometry, and error-correcting codes. Several prominent logicians, mathematicians, and computer scientists
Advances in optical fiber communications
Given the increasing importance of a globally interconnected world, driven by modern digital services and the need for fast and reliable access to digital resources, communication networks are one of the key infrastructures in today’s society. In this scenario, fiber optics and optical devices play a leading role, as they allow for unprecedented growth in our capacity to cope with the ever-increasing traffic demand. Optical transmission solutions range from high-speed networks based on coherent detection and advanced modulation formats for long-haul-level communications, to networks still relying on traditional intensity modulation and direct detection receivers for short-reach communications, down to intra-data center scenarios.
Advances in Natural Computation ; Vol. 4222 ; 2nd International Conference, ICNC 2006, Xi'an, China, September 24-28, 2006, Proceedings, Part II
constitutethe proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC 2006), jointly held with the 3rd International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, ICNC-FSKD 2006 featured the most up-to-date research results in com- tational algorithms inspired from nature, including biological, ecological, and physical systems. It is an exciting and emerging interdisciplinary area in which a wide rangeof techniques and methods arebeing studied for dealing with large, complex, and dynamic problems. The joint conferences also promoted cro- fertilization over these exciting and yet closely-related areas, which had a s- nifcant impact on the advancement of these important technologies. Specifc areas included neural computation, quantum computation, evolutionarycom- tation, DNA computation, fuzzy computation, granular computation, artifcial life, etc., with innovative applications to knowledge discovery, fnance, ope- tions research, and more. In addition to the large number of submitted papers, we were blessed with the presence of six renowned keynote speakers.
