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Phathophysiology of Neurological Disorders

Phathophysiology of Neurological Disorders
This presentation outlines the pathophysiology of neurological
disorders, emphasizing neurodegeneration driven by protein aggregation,
proteostasis failure, and synaptic dysfunction.
Key mechanisms include pathological protein aggregates (e.g., α-
synuclein, tau), cytoskeletal abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and
excitotoxicity. Neuroinflammation, mediated by microglia and astrocytes,
contributes to chronic neuronal damage. Impaired DNA repair and oxidative
stress further promote cell death.
Disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease
share common features including synaptic failure, energy depletion, and
activation of cell death pathways. Understanding these interconnected
mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.