Therapeutic Potential of Standardized Extract of Melilotus Indicus (L.) All. and its Phytochemicals against Skin Cancer in Animal Model: In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Studies
- 15 Oct 2022
- Recently published Research - Pharmacy
| Researchers | Asiya Bashir, Muhammad Asif, Malik Saadullah, Mohammad Saleem, Syed Haroon Khalid, Liaqat Hussain, Ikram Ullah Khan, Hafiza Sidra Yaseen, Hafiz Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Usman Shamas, Raghdaa Al Zarzour, and Tahir Ali Chohan |
| Published in | ACS Omega (American chemical Society), volume 7, issue 29, pages 25772–25782, July 2022. |
| Abstract | Melilotus indicus (L.) All. is known to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The present study explored the in vivo skin carcinogenesis attenuating potential of ethanolic extract of M. indicus (L.) All. (Miet) in a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin cancer model. The ethanolic extract of the plant was prepared by a maceration method. HPLC analysis indicated the presence of quercetin in abundance and also various other phytoconstituents. DPPH radical scavenging assay results showed moderate antioxidant potential (IC50 = 93.55 پ} 5.59 μg/mL). A topical acute skin irritation study showed the nonirritant nature of Miet. Data for the skin carcinogenic model showed marked improvement in skin architecture in Miet and its primary phytochemicals (quercetin and coumarin) treated groups. Miet 50% showed comparable effects with 5-fluorouracil. Significant (p < 0.05) anticancerous effects were seen in coumarin−quercetin combination-treated animals than in single agent (coumarin and quercetin alone)-treated animals. Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay results showed the antiangiogenic potential of Miet. Treatment with Miet significantly down-regulated the serum levels of CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) and TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α). Data for the docking study indicated the binding potential of quercetin and coumarin with TNF-α, EGFR, VEGF, and BCL2 proteins. Thus, it is concluded that Miet has skin cancer attenuating potential that is proposed to be due to the synergistic actions of its bioactive molecules. Further studies to explore the effects of Miet and its bioactive molecules as an adjuvant therapy with low dose anticancer drugs are warranted, which may lead to a new area of research. Key words: Melilotus indicus, Phytochemicals, Skin Cancer. |
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